{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T20:35:06Z","timestamp":1793392506822,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"IMR Press","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741824000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"medical discipline Construction Project of Pudong Health Committee of Shanghai","award":["PWZzb2022-09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PWZzb2022-09"]}]},{"name":"medical discipline Construction Project of Pudong Health Committee of Shanghai","award":["PWYgy2021-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PWYgy2021-02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Alpha Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) patients are often comorbid with depression and anxiety. However, limited research has explored this comorbidity from the perspective of individuals with depression and anxiety exhibiting obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS). This study aims to investigate the prevalence and potential associations between depression, anxiety, and OCS in the adolescent patient population. Methods: A retrospective study was employed in this research. A total of: 327 drug-naive, first-episode adolescent patients aged 10 to 19 years, presenting both depressive and anxiety symptoms, were recruited from the Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center in China. The Chinese version of the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) was used to assess the severity of OCS. Binary logistic regression was applied to analyze the influence of depression and anxiety levels on OCS. Results: More than half (52.3%) of the 327 adolescent participants with depressive and anxiety symptoms had severe obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS). Additionally, 35.9% had moderate OCS, 12.9% had mild OCS, and only 2.8% were symptom-free. The results also indicated a significant correlation between OCS and both depression (\u03b2 = 0.073, Wald \u03c72 &lt; 0.001, p &lt; 0.005) and anxiety levels (\u03b2 = 0.066, Wald \u03c72 &lt; 0.005, p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: The findings provide valuable insights into the predictive ability of depression and anxiety level in the development of OCS and OCD during adolescence, highlighting the importance of early identification and intervention. Future studies should include a larger and more diverse sample, with the incorporation of professional clinical evaluations to further verify these results. Clinical Trial Registration: The study was registered at https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/, registration number: ChiCTR2300070007.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.31083\/ap38997","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T10:59:27Z","timestamp":1745924367000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Prevalence and Correlates of Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in Adolescent Patients with Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms"],"prefix":"10.31083","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Lingjun","family":"Chu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200124 Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200124 Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4180-0496","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiwang","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200124 Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"16242","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 5th edn. American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.: Arlington, VA. 2013.","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Manfro PH, Pereira RB, Rosa M, Cogo-Moreira H, Fisher HL, Kohrt BA, et al. Adolescent depression beyond DSM definition: a network analysis. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 2023; 32: 881\u2013892.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-021-01908-1"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shorey S, Ng ED, Wong CHJ. Global prevalence of depression and elevated depressive symptoms among adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The British Journal of Clinical Psychology. 2022; 61: 287\u2013305.","DOI":"10.1111\/bjc.12333"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Goldman LS, Nielsen NH, Champion HC. Awareness, diagnosis, and treatment of depression. Journal of General Internal Medicine. 1999; 14: 569\u2013580.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.1999.03478.x"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hazell P. Depression in children and adolescents. Evidence-based Mental Health. 2003; 6: 103\u2013104.","DOI":"10.1136\/ebmh.6.4.103"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"\u015eent\u00fcrk E, Geni\u015f B, Co\u015far B. Social Media Addiction in Young Adult Patients with Anxiety Disorders and Depression. Alpha Psychiatry. 2021; 22: 257\u2013262.","DOI":"10.1530\/alphapsychiatry.2021.21242"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tiller JWG. Depression and anxiety. The Medical Journal of Australia. 2013; 199: S28\u2013S31.","DOI":"10.5694\/mja12.10628"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sharma P, Ros\u00e1rio MC, Ferr\u00e3o YA, Albertella L, Miguel EC, Fontenelle LF. The impact of generalized anxiety disorder in obsessive-compulsive disorder patients. Psychiatry Research. 2021; 300: 113898.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2021.113898"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Masellis M, Rector NA, Richter MA. Quality of life in OCD: differential impact of obsessions, compulsions, and depression comorbidity. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie. 2003; 48: 72\u201377.","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370304800202"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Welkowitz LA, Struening EL, Pittman J, Guardino M, Welkowitz J. Obsessive-compulsive disorder and comorbid anxiety problems in a national anxiety screening sample. Journal of Anxiety Disorders. 2000; 14: 471\u2013482.","DOI":"10.1016\/s0887-6185(00)00034-7"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Huppert JD, Simpson HB, Nissenson KJ, Liebowitz MR, Foa EB. Quality of life and functional impairment in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a comparison of patients with and without comorbidity, patients in remission, and healthy controls. Depression and Anxiety. 2009; 26: 39\u201345.","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20506"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Goodwin GM. The overlap between anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience. 2015; 17: 249\u2013260.","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2015.17.3\/ggoodwin"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hofmeijer-Sevink MK, Batelaan NM, van Megen HJGM, van den Hout MA, Penninx BW, van Balkom AJLM, et al. Presence and Predictive Value of Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in Anxiety and Depressive Disorders. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie. 2018; 63: 85\u201393.","DOI":"10.1177\/0706743717711170"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"ZUNG WW. A SELF-RATING DEPRESSION SCALE. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1965; 12: 63\u201370.","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1965.01720310065008"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zung WW. A rating instrument for anxiety disorders. Psychosomatics. 1971; 12: 371\u2013379.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3182(71)71479-0"},{"key":"ref16","unstructured":"Wang J, Li Y, He E. Reliability, and validity test of SCL-90 for middle school students and establishment of norm. Chinese Mental Health Journal. 1999; 13. (In Chinese)"}],"container-title":["Alpha Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.imrpress.com\/journal\/AP\/26\/2\/10.31083\/AP38997","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T10:59:48Z","timestamp":1745924388000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.imrpress.com\/journal\/AP\/26\/2\/10.31083\/AP38997"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"alternative-id":["S2757-8038(25)02010-5"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31083\/ap38997","relation":{},"ISSN":["2757-8038"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2757-8038","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]]},"article-number":"38997"}}