{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T10:06:13Z","timestamp":1777716373099,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"IMR Press","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776643200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Capital\u2019s Funds for Health Improvement and Research","award":["2024\u20131-2092"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024\u20131-2092"]}]},{"name":"2022 Beijing Major Epidemic Prevention and Control Specially Construction Project","award":["2-1-2-6-15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2-1-2-6-15"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Incubating Program","award":["PX2024042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PX2024042"]}]},{"name":"Training Plan for High level Public Health Technical Talents Construction Project","award":["Discipline Leader-02-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Discipline Leader-02-02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br. J. Hosp. Med. (Lond)"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aims\/Background: Invasive fungal infection (IFI) represents a significant global health challenge, particularly in paediatric populations, due to high mortality and severe long-term sequelae. This study aimed to characterize the epidemiological patterns and quantify the disease burden of IFI among hospitalised children in China. Methods: Data were obtained from the face sheets of discharge medical records collected between 2016 and 2022 from 30 tertiary children\u2019s hospitals, aggregated into the FUTang Updating medical REcords (FUTURE) database. Sociodemographic variables, disease spectrum, pathogen distribution, potential risk factors, length of stay (LOS), and overall disease burden among children with IFI were systematically analysed. Results: A total of 1250 IFI cases were identified, revealing an upward trend in incidence since 2019. The pathogen distribution among the 485 episodes with available microbiological data included Candida (25.36%; 123\/485), Aspergillus (23.71%; 115\/485), Cryptococcus (22.06%; 107\/485), Pneumocystis (21.44%; 104\/485), Mucor (4.12%; 20\/485), Talaromyces (1.24%; 6\/485), Histoplasma (0.82%; 4\/485), Blastomyces (0.62%; 3\/485), and Sporotrichum (0.62%; 3\/485). Disseminated infections accounted for 5.76% (72\/1250) of all IFI. Among the 1178 non-disseminated IFI cases, pneumonia (73.34%, 864\/1178), central nervous system (CNS) infections (15.53%, 183\/1178), and bloodstream infections (8.66%, 102\/1178) were the predominant disease types. The most prevalent risk factors were haematological malignancies and myelosuppression. Overall, 181 patients died during their hospitalisation, representing a mortality rate of 14.48%. Conclusion: The incidence of IFI among hospitalised children in tertiary centres in China has risen since 2019, with Candida, Aspergillus, and Cryptococcus identified as the predominant pathogens. These infections are associated with considerable mortality (14.48%). The findings highlight the urgent need for enhanced surveillance, earlier diagnosis, and targeted therapeutic strategies to reduce morbidity and mortality in this high-risk population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.31083\/bjhm53104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:17:23Z","timestamp":1777457843000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Epidemiology and Disease Burden of Hospitalised Children With Invasive Fungal Infection in China, 2016\u20132022"],"prefix":"10.31083","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Wenya","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children\u2019s Health, National Center for Children\u2019s Infectious and Allergic Diseases Surveillance, Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Core Technologies for the Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Children, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, 100045 Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Big Data Center, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children\u2019s Health, 100045 Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guoshuang","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Big Data Center, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children\u2019s Health, 100045 Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8551-741X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children\u2019s Health, National Center for Children\u2019s Infectious and Allergic Diseases Surveillance, Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Core Technologies for the Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Children, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, 100045 Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"16242","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lass-Fl\u00f6rl C, Steixner S. 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