{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T11:18:25Z","timestamp":1783423105718,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"IMR Press","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782604800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br. J. Hosp. Med. (Lond)"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aims\/Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) share pathogenic pathways. Our review and meta-analysis estimated OSA prevalence in PCOS patients. Methods: Systematic search of four databases was performed: MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception until 1 March 2024. Grey literature was explored via Google Scholar. The following keywords were adopted: \u201cobstructive sleep apnea\u201d, \u201cOSA\u201d, \u201csleep-disordered breathing\u201d, and \u201cpolycystic ovary syndrome\u201d. OSA was diagnosed through polysomnography. Observed heterogeneity was evaluated using both Cochran\u2019s Q test (p &lt; 0.10) and the I2 statistic. A random-effects model was applied when significant heterogeneity was detected, with the between-study variance (\u03c42) estimated using the DerSimonian-Laird method. Results: We included 16 studies in the qualitative analysis and 13 in the quantitative analysis, comprising a total of 230,293 patients, including 148,378 in the control group and 81,915 in the PCOS group. Under the common effect model, the OSA pooled risk ratio in the PCOS group was 2.53 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.19\u20132.92), and 3.55 (95% CI: 1.98\u20136.37) under the random-effects model. Individual risk ratio ranged between 1.50\u201325.58. Significant heterogeneity was observed (I2 = 73.8%, \u03c42 = 0.4605, p = 0.0004), suggesting potential publication bias based on funnel plot analysis. Conclusion: High prevalence of OSA was evidenced in PCOS women. These findings highlighted a significant association between these two conditions and the need for targeted screening or management in these high-risk patients. Further study to investigate these bidirectional relationships is needed. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42024524008).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.31083\/bjhm55373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T10:55:28Z","timestamp":1783421728000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.31083","volume":"87","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6071-0245","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marco","family":"La Verde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Maddalena","family":"Marrapodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Unit, Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, 80138 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, 600077 Chennai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Della Corte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonietta","family":"Petillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0790-892X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mario","family":"Fordellone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Statistics Unit, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hande","family":"Uzun\u00e7\u0131buk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Trakya University, 22030 Edirne, Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Piccolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, 00100 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia Maria","family":"Nicoletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Surgery Unit, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Minervini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"16242","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu J, Wu Q, Hao Y, Jiao M, Wang X, Jiang S, et al. 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Diagnostic Accuracy of the Screening Questionnaires for Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Pregnancy: A Meta-Analysis and Updated Systematic Review. Journal of Sleep Research. 2025.  (online ahead of print)","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.70197"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, G\u00f8tzsche PC, Ioannidis JPA, et al. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2009; 151: W65\u2013W94.","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00136"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"de Sousa G, Schl\u00fcter B, Buschatz D, Menke T, Trowitzsch E, Andler W, et al. A comparison of polysomnographic variables between obese adolescents with polycystic ovarian syndrome and healthy, normal-weight and obese adolescents. 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Increased prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2001; 86: 1175\u20131180.","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.3.7316"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hachul H, Polesel DN, Tock L, Carneiro G, Pereira AZ, Zanella MT, et al. Sleep disorders in polycystic ovary syndrome: influence of obesity and hyperandrogenism. Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992). 2019; 65: 375\u2013383.","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-9282.65.3.375"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kumarendran B, Sumilo D, O\u2019Reilly MW, Toulis KA, Gokhale KM, Wijeyaratne CN, et al. Increased risk of obstructive sleep apnoea in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a population-based cohort study. European Journal of Endocrinology. 2019; 180: 265\u2013272.","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-18-0693"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lin TY, Lin PY, Su TP, Li CT, Lin WC, Chang WH, et al. Risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea among women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a nationwide longitudinal follow-up study. Sleep Medicine. 2017; 36: 165\u2013169.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2016.12.029"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nandalike K, Agarwal C, Strauss T, Coupey SM, Isasi CR, Sin S, et al. Sleep and cardiometabolic function in obese adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome. Sleep Medicine. 2012; 13: 1307\u20131312.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2012.07.002"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Suri J, Suri JC, Chatterjee B, Mittal P, Adhikari T. Obesity may be the common pathway for sleep-disordered breathing in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Sleep Medicine. 2016; 24: 32\u201339.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2016.02.014"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tasali E, Van Cauter E, Hoffman L, Ehrmann DA. Impact of obstructive sleep apnea on insulin resistance and glucose tolerance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2008; 93: 3878\u20133884.","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0925"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vgontzas AN, Legro RS, Bixler EO, Grayev A, Kales A, Chrousos GP. Polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with obstructive sleep apnea and daytime sleepiness: role of insulin resistance. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2001; 86: 517\u2013520.","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.2.7185"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vgontzas AN, Trakada G, Bixler EO, Lin HM, Pejovic S, Zoumakis E, et al. Plasma interleukin 6 levels are elevated in polycystic ovary syndrome independently of obesity or sleep apnea. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental. 2006; 55: 1076\u20131082.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2006.04.002"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yang HP, Kang JH, Su HY, Tzeng CR, Liu WM, Huang SY. Apnea-hypopnea index in nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2009; 105: 226\u2013229.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2009.02.004"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chatterjee B, Suri J, Suri JC, Mittal P, Adhikari T. Impact of sleep-disordered breathing on metabolic dysfunctions in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Sleep Medicine. 2014; 15: 1547\u20131553.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.06.023"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gopal M, Duntley S, Uhles M, Attarian H. 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Obstructive sleep apnea and the metabolic syndrome: The road to clinically-meaningful phenotyping, improved prognosis, and personalized treatment. Sleep Medicine Reviews. 2018; 42: 211\u2013219.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2018.08.009"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bulcun E, Ekici M, Ekici A. Disorders of glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. International Journal of Clinical Practice. 2012; 66: 91\u201397.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2011.02795.x"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Hospital Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.imrpress.com\/journal\/BJHM\/87\/6\/10.31083\/BJHM55373","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T10:56:01Z","timestamp":1783421761000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.imrpress.com\/journal\/BJHM\/87\/6\/10.31083\/BJHM55373"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"alternative-id":["S1750-8460(26)03137-0"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31083\/bjhm55373","relation":{},"ISSN":["1750-8460","1759-7390"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1750-8460","type":"print"},{"value":"1759-7390","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]]},"article-number":"55373"}}