{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T17:06:12Z","timestamp":1790701572977,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"IMR Press","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Russian Science Foundation","award":["24-16-00131"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24-16-00131"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03y2gwe85","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Front. Biosci. (Elite Ed)"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Dysbacteriosis of the reproductive tract is a risk factor for the development of postpartum endometritis in cows. Understanding the complex dynamics of diverse endometrial microbial communities in dairy cows during the transition period, when healthy and compared to with a pathology, is crucial for developing the appropriate measures to control postpartum endometritis depending on the livestock farming system used. The aim of this study was to analyse the endometrial microbiome changes in cows during the transition period in two separate experiments on an industrial (IF) and an organic farm, or eco-farm (EF). Methods: Samples were taken on Days 20 (D\u221220) and 10 (D\u221210) before calving, at calving (D0), and on Days 3 (D+3), 5 (D+5) and 20 (D+20) postpartum. On IF, the samples were divided into three groups: healthy (IF1H), subclinical (IF2S) and purulent-catarrhal endometritis (IF3E) animals. To investigate the abundance of microbial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and dynamics of endometrial microbiota composition, quantitative real\u2013time PCR was used. The obtained macroecological time series data was additionally analyzed using the Hurst exponent approach. Results: In Group IF0, one of the total bacterial count peaks was observed on D0, reaching an average of 5.0 \u00d7 106 DNA copies\/mL, which was 100-fold higher than on D\u201320 (p &lt; 0.001) and 38.4-fold higher than on D\u201310 (p &lt; 0.01). Abundance of Fusobacterium, Sneathia and Leptotrichia were 125 times higher in Group IF3E compared to Group IF1H. On IF, a high concentration of Aspergillus was also observed. On EF, these micromycetes were present only at the time of calving. Variability in the number of micromycetes Aspergillus and Fusarium spp. differed depending on the state of the reproductive system. The Hurst exponent-based analysis suggested a somewhat more persistent tendency in the short-time shifts observed in endometrial microbial communities in cows from EF. Conclusions: During the transition period, the endometrial microbiome on both farms underwent macroecological changes associated with the state of reproductive health and temporal fluctuations in microbiota abundances. The results of the study can be used to develop strategies for the prevention and treatment of postpartum endometritis in cows.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.31083\/fbe46742","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:24:22Z","timestamp":1790699062000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Insight Into the Complex Dynamics of Diverse Endometrial Microbial Communities in Dairy Cows During the Transition Period: Normal Condition Versus Pathology"],"prefix":"10.31083","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5846-5105","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elena A.","family":"Yildirim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Microbiomics Laboratory, BIOTROF+ Ltd, 196602 St. Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"V.I. Naumov Institute of Animal Husbandry and Aquaculture, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education \u201cSt. Petersburg State Agrarian University\u201d, 196605 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8795-6659","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Georgi Yu.","family":"Laptev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Microbiomics Laboratory, BIOTROF+ Ltd, 196602 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9001-2432","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daria G.","family":"Tiurina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Microbiomics Laboratory, BIOTROF+ Ltd, 196602 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8789-9837","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Valentina A.","family":"Filippova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Microbiomics Laboratory, BIOTROF+ Ltd, 196602 St. Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"V.I. Naumov Institute of Animal Husbandry and Aquaculture, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education \u201cSt. Petersburg State Agrarian University\u201d, 196605 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2789-4844","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Larisa A.","family":"Ilina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Microbiomics Laboratory, BIOTROF+ Ltd, 196602 St. Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"V.I. Naumov Institute of Animal Husbandry and Aquaculture, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education \u201cSt. Petersburg State Agrarian University\u201d, 196605 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2178-9330","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Evgeni A.","family":"Brazhnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Microbiomics Laboratory, BIOTROF+ Ltd, 196602 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9647-4184","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Natalia I.","family":"Novikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Microbiomics Laboratory, BIOTROF+ Ltd, 196602 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9541-6839","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kseniya A.","family":"Sokolova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Microbiomics Laboratory, BIOTROF+ Ltd, 196602 St. Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"V.I. Naumov Institute of Animal Husbandry and Aquaculture, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education \u201cSt. Petersburg State Agrarian University\u201d, 196605 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4336-8273","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ekaterina S.","family":"Ponomareva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Microbiomics Laboratory, BIOTROF+ Ltd, 196602 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8029-9955","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vasiliy A.","family":"Zaikin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Microbiomics Laboratory, BIOTROF+ Ltd, 196602 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6484-1235","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Irina A.","family":"Klyuchnikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Microbiomics Laboratory, BIOTROF+ Ltd, 196602 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7011-4594","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elena A.","family":"Korochkina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetic and Reproductive Biotechnology, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education \u201cSt. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine\u201d, 196084 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9764-327X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vladislav N.","family":"Bolshakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Microbiomics Laboratory, BIOTROF+ Ltd, 196602 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7595-3226","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Darren K.","family":"Griffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, CT2 7NJ Canterbury, Kent, UK"},{"name":"Animal Genomics and Bioresource Research Unit (AGB Research Unit), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 10900 Bangkok, Thailand"},{"name":"University College London, EGA Institute for Women's Health, Preimplantation Genetics Group, WC1E 6HX London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3584-4644","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael N.","family":"Romanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, CT2 7NJ Canterbury, Kent, UK"},{"name":"Animal Genomics and Bioresource Research Unit (AGB Research Unit), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 10900 Bangkok, Thailand"},{"name":"L. K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, 142132 Podolsk, Moscow Oblast, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"16242","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"V\u00e1rhidi Z, Csik\u00f3 G, Bajcsy \u00c1C, Jurkovich V. Uterine Disease in Dairy Cows: A Comprehensive Review Highlighting New Research Areas. Veterinary Sciences. 2024; 11: 66.","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci11020066"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Drillich M, Wagener K. Pathogenesis of uterine diseases in dairy cattle and implications for fertility. Animal Reproduction. 2018; 15: 879\u2013885.","DOI":"10.21451\/1984-3143-AR2018-0023"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Proudfoot KL, Huzzey JM. A first time for everything: The influence of parity on the behavior of transition dairy cows. JDS Communications. 2022; 3: 467\u2013471.","DOI":"10.3168\/jdsc.2022-0290"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wankhade PR, Manimaran A, Kumaresan A, Jeyakumar S, Ramesha KP, Sejian V, et al. Metabolic and immunological changes in transition dairy cows: A review. Veterinary World. 2017; 10: 1367\u20131377.","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2017.1367-1377"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bruinj\u00e9 TC, LeBlanc SJ. Invited Review: Inflammation and Health in the Transition Period Influence Reproductive Function in Dairy Cows. Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI. 2025; 15: 633.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15050633"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bahrndorff S, Alemu T, Alemneh T, Lund Nielsen J. The Microbiome of Animals: Implications for Conservation Biology. International Journal of Genomics. 2016; 2016: 5304028.","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5304028"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Poole RK, Soffa DR, McAnally BE, Smith MS, Hickman-Brown KJ, Stockland EL. Reproductive Microbiomes in Domestic Livestock: Insights Utilizing 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Community Sequencing. Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI. 2023; 13: 485.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13030485"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Aldars-Garc\u00eda L, Marin AC, Chaparro M, Gisbert JP. The Interplay between Immune System and Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Narrative Review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22: 3076.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22063076"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kobayashi H. Gut and reproductive tract microbiota: Insights into the pathogenesis of endometriosis (Review). Biomedical Reports. 2023; 19: 43.","DOI":"10.3892\/br.2023.1626"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Adnane M, Chapwanya A. Role of Genital Tract Bacteria in Promoting Endometrial Health in Cattle. Microorganisms. 2022; 10: 2238.","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10112238"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Reinoso-Pel\u00e1ez EL, Saura M, Gonz\u00e1lez C, Ram\u00f3n M, Calvo JH, Serrano M. The influence of vaginal microbiota on ewe fertility: a metagenomic and functional genomic approach. Microbiome. 2025; 13: 177.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-025-02165-z"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Quereda JJ, Barba M, Moc\u00e9 ML, Gomis J, Jim\u00e9nez-Trigos E, Garc\u00eda-Mu\u00f1oz \u00c1, et al. Vaginal Microbiota Changes During Estrous Cycle in Dairy Heifers. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 2020; 7: 371.","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.00371"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Moraes JGN, Gull TB, Ericsson AC, Caldeira MO, Evans TJ, Poock SE, et al. Systemic antibiotic treatment of cows with metritis early postpartum does not change the progression of uterine disease or the uterine microbiome at 1 month postpartum. Research Square. 2024; rs.3.rs\u20134233045.","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-4233045\/v1"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Brulin L, Ducrocq S, Even G, Sanchez MP, Martel S, Merlin S, et al. Characterization of bovine vaginal microbiota using 16S rRNA sequencing: associations with host fertility, longevity, health, and production. Scientific Reports. 2024; 14: 19277.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-69715-7"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bulut E, Stout A, Wemette M, Llanos-Soto S, Schell RC, Greiner Safi A, et al. How does public perception of antibiotic use on dairy farms contribute to self-reported purchasing of organic? Journal of Food Science. 2021; 86: 2045\u20132060.","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.15720"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yagisawa T, Uchiyama J, Takemura-Uchiyama I, Ando S, Ichii O, Murakami H, et al. Metataxonomic Analysis of the Uterine Microbiota Associated with Low Fertility in Dairy Cows Using Endometrial Tissues Prior to First Artificial Insemination. Microbiology Spectrum. 2023; 11: e0476422.","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.04764-22"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Berry DP, Bermingham ML, Good M, More SJ. Genetics of animal health and disease in cattle. Irish Veterinary Journal. 2011; 64: 5.","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-0481-64-5"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mwangi FW, Charmley E, Gardiner CP, Malau-Aduli BS, Kinobe RT, Malau-Aduli AEO. Diet and Genetics Influence Beef Cattle Performance and Meat Quality Characteristics. Foods (Basel, Switzerland). 2019; 8: 648.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods8120648"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mukherjee SD, Batagello C, Adler A, Agudelo J, Zampini A, Suryavanshi M, et al. Complex system modeling reveals oxalate homeostasis is driven by diverse oxalate-degrading bacteria. elife. 2025; 14: RP104121.","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.104121"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ji BW, Sheth RU, Dixit PD, Tchourine K, Vitkup D. Macroecological dynamics of gut microbiota. Nature Microbiology. 2020; 5: 768\u2013775.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-020-0685-1"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hurst HE. Long-term storage capacity of reservoirs. Transactions of the American society of civil engineers. 1951; 116: 770\u2013799.","DOI":"10.1061\/TACEAT.0006518"},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"Flynn MN, Pereira WR. Ecological diagnosis from biotic data by Hurst exponent and the R\/S analysis adaptation to short time series. Biomatematica. 2013; 23: 1\u20134."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"Nayman E. Calculation of Hurst's index for the purpose of revealing the trend (persistence) of financial markets and macro-economic indicators. Ekonomist. 2009; 10: 25\u201329."},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang HY, Feng ZQ, Feng SY, Zhou Y. Typical algorithms for estimating Hurst exponent of time sequence: a data analyst\u2019s perspective. IEEE Access. 2024; 12: 185528\u2013185556.","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3512542"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Goldberger AL, Amaral LA, Hausdorff JM, Ivanov PC, Peng CK, Stanley HE. Fractal dynamics in physiology: alterations with disease and aging. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2002; 99: 2466\u20132472.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.012579499"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ohu IP, Carlson JN, Piovesan D. The Hurst exponent: a novel approach for assessing focus during trauma resuscitation. In Obeid I, Selesnick I, Picone J (eds.) Signal Processing in Medicine and Biology: Emerging Trends in Research and Applications (pp. 139\u2013160). Springer International Publishing: Cham. 2020.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-36844-9_5"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bondarenko V, Mazzega P, Lajaunie C. Predictability of scrub typhus incidences time series in Thailand. Engineering Proceedings. 2021; 5: 44.","DOI":"10.3390\/engproc2021005044"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Boyarshinov MG, Vavilin AS, Vaskina EV. Application of the Hurst index to research the traffic flow intensity. Intellekt. Innovatsii. Investitsii [Intellect. Innovations. Investments]. 2022; 2: 68\u201381.  (In Russian)","DOI":"10.25198\/2077-7175-2022-2-68"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Balcerek M, Burnecki K, Thapa S, Wy\u0142oma\u0144ska A, Chechkin A. Fractional Brownian motion with random Hurst exponent: accelerating diffusion and persistence transitions. Chaos. 2022; 32: 093114.","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0099532"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Meraz M, Vernon-Carter EJ, Rodriguez E, Alvarez-Ramirez J. A fractal scaling analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 genome sequence. Biomedical Signal Processing and Control. 2022; 73: 103433.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2021.103433"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Faust K, Lahti L, Gonze D, de Vos WM, Raes J. Metagenomics meets time series analysis: unraveling microbial community dynamics. Current Opinion in Microbiology. 2015; 25: 56\u201366.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2015.04.004"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Brigatti E, Azaele S. Growth-rate distributions of gut microbiota time series. Scientific Reports. 2025; 15: 2789.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-82882-x"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"V\u00e5ge S, Thingstad TF. Fractal Hypothesis of the Pelagic Microbial Ecosystem-Can Simple Ecological Principles Lead to Self-Similar Complexity in the Pelagic Microbial Food Web? Frontiers in Microbiology. 2015; 6: 1357.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.01357"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yildirim EA, Laptev GY, Ilina LA, Ponomareva ES, Brazhnik EA, Smetannikova TS, et al. Metagenomic Composition and Predicted Metabolic Pathway Analyses of the Endometrial and Rectal Microbiota in Dairy Cows Following the Introduction of a Complex Feed Additive. Frontiers in Bioscience (Elite Edition). 2025; 17: 25725.","DOI":"10.31083\/FBE25725"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yildirim EA, Laptev GYu, Tiurina DG, Filippova VA, Ilina LA, Novikova NI, et al. Bioinformatic data analysis from metagenomic whole genome sequencing of endometrial microorganisms in cows with normal and pathological conditions. In Ronzhin A, Kundius V, Surovtsev V (eds.) Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies. Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Agriculture Digitalization and Organic Production (ADOP 2025), Vol. 2. Cham: Springer. 2026; 475: 115\u2013123.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-032-17407-9_10"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yildirim EA, Laptev GYu, Tiurina DG, Filippova VA, Ilina LA, Novikova NI, et al. Comparison of the endometrial microbiome of cows under eco-farm conditions in the early and late dry periods. Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2025; 108: 21\u201335.","DOI":"10.33284\/2658-3135-108-3-21"},{"key":"ref37","unstructured":"Volgin VI, Romanenko LV, Prokhorenko PN, Fedorova ZL, Korochkina EA. Full Feeding Dairy Cattle is the Basis of Realization of the Genetic Productivity Potential. Moscow: All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Breeding of Farm Animals, Russian Academy of Sciences; 2018."},{"key":"ref38","unstructured":"Shchukin SV, Trufanov AM. Conversion of Conventional Farming into Organic Farming. Moscow: RUDECO Vocational Training in Rural Development and Ecology; 2012."},{"key":"ref39","unstructured":"GOST 33980-2016. Organic production. Production regulations, processing, labelling and implementation. Yerevan: National Body for Standards and Metrology. 2016. Available at: https:\/\/www.armstandard.am\/en\/standart\/16866 (Accessed: 26 October 2025)."},{"key":"ref40","unstructured":"Koba IS, Reshetka MB, Dubovikova MS. The incidence of acute and chronic endometritis in cows in the farming enterprises of the Krasnodar Region. Bulletin of Altai State Agricultural University. 2016; 2: 103\u2013106. (In Russian)"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fricke PM, Ricci A, Giordano JO, Carvalho PD. Methods for and implementation of pregnancy diagnosis in dairy cows. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice. 2016; 32: 165\u2013180.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2015.09.006"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gilbert RO. Management of reproductive disease in dairy cows. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice. 2016; 32: 387\u2013410.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2016.01.006"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Barbeau-Gr\u00e9goire N, Boyer A, Rousseau M, Gauthier ML, Dubuc J. Validation of On-Farm Bacteriological Systems for Endometritis Diagnosis in Postpartum Dairy Cows. Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI. 2021; 11: 2695.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11092695"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang Y, Ametaj BN, Ambrose DJ, G\u00e4nzle MG. Characterisation of the bacterial microbiota of the vagina of dairy cows and isolation of pediocin-producing Pediococcus acidilactici. BMC Microbiology. 2013; 13: 19.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-13-19"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ohnishi A, Abe S, Nashirozawa S, Shimada S, Fujimoto N, Suzuki M. Development of a 16S rRNA gene primer and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism method for rapid detection of members of the genus Megasphaera and species-level identification. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 2011; 77: 5533\u20135535.","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00359-11"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhao Y, Park S, Kreiswirth BN, Ginocchio CC, Veyret R, Laayoun A, et al. Rapid real-time nucleic Acid sequence-based amplification-molecular beacon platform to detect fungal and bacterial bloodstream infections. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 2009; 47: 2067\u20132078.","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02230-08"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Le Bourhis AG, Saunier K, Dor\u00e9 J, Carlier JP, Chamba JF, Popoff MR, et al. Development and validation of PCR primers to assess the diversity of Clostridium spp. in cheese by temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 2005; 71: 29\u201338.","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.1.29-38.2005"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Verhelst R, Verstraelen H, Claeys G, Verschraegen G, Delanghe J, Van Simaey L, et al. Cloning of 16S rRNA genes amplified from normal and disturbed vaginal microflora suggests a strong association between Atopobium vaginae, Gardnerella vaginalis and bacterial vaginosis. BMC Microbiology. 2004; 4: 16.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-4-16"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wood J, Scott KP, Avgustin G, Newbold CJ, Flint HJ. Estimation of the relative abundance of different Bacteroides and Prevotella ribotypes in gut samples by restriction enzyme profiling of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene sequences. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 1998; 64: 3683\u20133689.","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.64.10.3683-3689.1998"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Khamis A, Raoult D, La Scola B. rpoB gene sequencing for identification of Corynebacterium species. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 2004; 42: 3925\u20133931.","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.9.3925-3931.2004"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Riggio MP, Lennon A. Identification of oral peptostreptococcus isolates by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of 16S rRNA genes. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 2003; 41: 4475\u20134479.","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.9.4475-4479.2003"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Suzuki N, Yoshida A, Saito T, Kawada M, Nakano Y. Quantitative microbiological study of subgingival plaque by real-time PCR shows correlation between levels of Tannerella forsythensis and Fusobacterium spp. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 2004; 42: 2255\u20132257.","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.5.2255-2257.2004"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Goshia T, Aralar A, Wiederhold N, Jenks JD, Mehta SR, Karmakar A, et al. Universal digital high-resolution melting for the detection of pulmonary mold infections. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 2024; 62: e0147623.","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01476-23"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Abd-Elsalam KA, Aly IN, Abdel-Satar MA, Khalil MS, Verreet JA. PCR identification of Fusarium genus based on nuclear ribosomal-DNA sequence data. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2003; 2: 82\u201385.","DOI":"10.5897\/AJB2003.000-1016"},{"key":"ref55","unstructured":"BLAST: Basic Local Alignment Search Tool. National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA. Available at: https:\/\/blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/Blast.cgi (Accessed: 26 October 2025)."},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hof H. The Medical Relevance of Fusarium spp. Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland). 2020; 6: 117.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof6030117"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Warne RT. A primer on multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) for behavioral scientists. Practical Assessment, Research, and Evaluation. 2014; 19: 17.","DOI":"10.7275\/sm63-7h70"},{"key":"ref58","unstructured":"Zakharov AI, Zagaynov AI, Khodakovsky VA. Multifractal analysis: identifying the boundaries application in the study of time series. Intellectual Technologies on Transport. 2015; 3: 24\u201329. (In Russian)"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kantelhardt JW, Zschiegner SA, Koscielny-Bunde E, Havlin S, Bunde A, Stanley HE. Multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis of nonstationary time series. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications. 2002; 316: 87\u2013114.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4371(02)01383-3"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tatli H. Detecting persistence of meteorological drought via the Hurst exponent. Meteorological Applications. 2015; 22: 763\u2013769.","DOI":"10.1002\/met.1519"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Udvardi MK, Czechowski T, Scheible WR. Eleven golden rules of quantitative RT-PCR. The Plant Cell. 2008; 20: 1736\u20131737.","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.108.061143"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Islam M, Kim SH, Ramos SC, Mamuad LL, Son AR, Yu Z, et al. Holstein and Jersey Steers Differ in Rumen Microbiota and Enteric Methane Emissions Even Fed the Same Total Mixed Ration. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2021; 12: 601061.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.601061"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Motyka D, Jasielczuk I, Pokorska J, Grzegorczyk J, Szmato\u0142a T, Kowalski ZM, et al. Genetic and physiological influences on the rumen microbiome and metabolic status in Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science. 2025; 108: 10869\u201310887.","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2025-26894"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cui X, Wang Z, Guo P, Li F, Chang S, Yan T, et al. Shift of Feeding Strategies from Grazing to Different Forage Feeds Reshapes the Rumen Microbiota To Improve the Ability of Tibetan Sheep (Ovis aries) To Adapt to the Cold Season. Microbiology Spectrum. 2023; 11: e0281622.","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02816-22"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Monteiro PLJ, Wiltbank MC, Frizzarini WS, Andrade JPN, Cabrera EM, Schoenfeld SG, et al. Hormonal profiles and biomarkers leading to parturition in cattle\u2020. Biology of Reproduction. 2024; 111: 1282\u20131296.","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioae133"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sheldon IM, Williams EJ, Miller ANA, Nash DM, Herath S. Uterine diseases in cattle after parturition. Veterinary Journal (London, England : 1997). 2008; 176: 115\u2013121.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2007.12.031"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang F, Qualls AE, Marques-Fernandez L, Colucci F. Biology and pathology of the uterine microenvironment and its natural killer cells. Cellular & Molecular Immunology. 2021; 18: 2101\u20132113.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-021-00739-z"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Betancur-Murillo CL, Aguilar-Mar\u00edn SB, Jovel J. Prevotella: A Key Player in Ruminal Metabolism. Microorganisms. 2022; 11: 1.","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11010001"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pascottini OB, Van Schyndel SJ, Spricigo JFW, Rousseau J, Weese JS, LeBlanc SJ. Dynamics of uterine microbiota in postpartum dairy cows with clinical or subclinical endometritis. Scientific Reports. 2020; 10: 12353.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-69317-z"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Miranda-CasoLuengo R, Lu J, Williams EJ, Miranda-CasoLuengo AA, Carrington SD, Evans ACO, et al. Delayed differentiation of vaginal and uterine microbiomes in dairy cows developing postpartum endometritis. PloS One. 2019; 14: e0200974.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0200974"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bicalho MLS, Machado VS, Oikonomou G, Gilbert RO, Bicalho RC. Association between virulence factors of Escherichia coli, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and Arcanobacterium pyogenes and uterine diseases of dairy cows. Veterinary Microbiology. 2012; 157: 125\u2013131.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2011.11.034"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Adnane M, Chapwanya A. Microbial Gatekeepers of Fertility in the Female Reproductive Microbiome of Cattle. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25: 10923.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252010923"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Church DL, Cerutti L, G\u00fcrtler A, Griener T, Zelazny A, Emler S. Performance and Application of 16S rRNA Gene Cycle Sequencing for Routine Identification of Bacteria in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 2020; 33: e00053\u201319.","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00053-19"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-Cobas AE, Gomez-Valero L, Buchrieser C. Metagenomic approaches in microbial ecology: an update on whole-genome and marker gene sequencing analyses. Microbial Genomics. 2020; 6: mgen000409.","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.000409"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Carneiro LC, Cronin JG, Sheldon IM. Mechanisms linking bacterial infections of the bovine endometrium to disease and infertility. Reproductive Biology. 2016; 16: 1\u20137.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.repbio.2015.12.002"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Y\u00e1\u00f1ez U, Herrad\u00f3n PG, Becerra JJ, Pe\u00f1a AI, Quintela LA. Relationship between Postpartum Metabolic Status and Subclinical Endometritis in Dairy Cattle. Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI. 2022; 12: 242.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12030242"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tabrett A, Horton MW. The influence of host genetics on the microbiome. F1000Research. 2020; 9: 84.","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.20835.1"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Muteeb G, Rehman MT, Shahwan M, Aatif M. Origin of Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance, and Their Impacts on Drug Development: A Narrative Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland). 2023; 16: 1615.","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16111615"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dias NW, Poole R, Soffa DR, Brown KJH. Dynamic principles of the microbiome and the bovine vagina: a review. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2024; 15: 1434498.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1434498"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shen L, Wang W, Hou W, Jiang C, Yuan Y, Hu L, et al. The function and mechanism of action of uterine microecology in pregnancy immunity and its complications. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 2023; 12: 1025714.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.1025714"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang X, Chi Y, Song S. Important soil microbiota's effects on plants and soils: a comprehensive 30-year systematic literature review. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2024; 15: 1347745.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1347745"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kotimaa MH, Oksanen L, Koskela P. Feeding and bedding materials as sources of microbial exposure on dairy farms. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health. 1991; 17: 117\u2013122.","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.1726"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gholiof M, Adamson-De Luca E, Wessels JM. The female reproductive tract microbiotas, inflammation, and gynecological conditions. Frontiers in Reproductive Health. 2022; 4: 963752.","DOI":"10.3389\/frph.2022.963752"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mohamed Zubi WS, Mohd MH, Mohamed Nor NMI, Zakaria L. Fusarium Species in Mangrove Soil in Northern Peninsular Malaysia and the Soil Physico-Chemical Properties. Microorganisms. 2021; 9: 497.","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9030497"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sudipa PH, Mahatmi H, Gelgel KTP, Suarjana IGK, Besung INK, Mufa RMD, et al. Isolation and identification of fungi from reproductive tract of healthy Bali cows. Journal of Animal Health and Production. 2023; 11: 337\u2013343.","DOI":"10.17582\/journal.jahp\/2023\/11.4.337.343"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Haleem Khan AA, Mohan Karuppayil S. Fungal pollution of indoor environments and its management. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2012; 19: 405\u2013426.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2012.06.002"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Piersanti RL, Bromfield JJ. The consequence of postpartum uterine disease on dairy cow fertility: AN354, 3\/2019. EDIS. 2019.","DOI":"10.32473\/edis-an354-2019"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dohmen MJ, Lohuis JA, Huszenicza G, Nagy P, Gacs M. The relationship between bacteriological and clinical findings in cows with subacute\/chronic endometritis. Theriogenology. 1995; 43: 1379\u20131388.","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-691X(95)00123-P"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Boahen A, Than LTL, Loke YL, Chew SY. The Antibiofilm Role of Biotics Family in Vaginal Fungal Infections. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2022; 13: 787119.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.787119"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ge Y, Wang Q. Current research on fungi in chronic wounds. Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences. 2023; 9: 1057766.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2022.1057766"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Niu X, Ding Y, Chen S, Gooneratne R, Ju X. Effect of Immune Stress on Growth Performance and Immune Functions of Livestock: Mechanisms and Prevention. Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI. 2022; 12: 909.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12070909"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nji QN, Babalola OO, Mwanza M. Soil Aspergillus Species, Pathogenicity and Control Perspectives. Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland). 2023; 9: 766.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9070766"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dagenais TRT, Keller NP. Pathogenesis of Aspergillus fumigatus in Invasive Aspergillosis. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 2009; 22: 447\u2013465.","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00055-08"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lowes D, Chishimba L, Greaves M, Denning DW. Development of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis in adult asthmatics with ABPA. Respiratory Medicine. 2015; 109: 1509\u20131515.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2015.09.007"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sehgal IS, Choudhary H, Dhooria S, Aggarwal AN, Bansal S, Garg M, et al. Prevalence of sensitization to Aspergillus flavus in patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Medical Mycology. 2019; 57: 270\u2013276.","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myy012"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gamaletsou MN, Rammaert B, Bueno MA, Moriyama B, Sipsas NV, Kontoyiannis DP, et al. Aspergillus osteomyelitis: epidemiology, clinical manifestations, management, and outcome. The Journal of Infection. 2014; 68: 478\u2013493.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2013.12.008"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bongomin F, Morgan B, Ekeng BE, Mushi MF, Kibone W, Olum R, et al. Isolated renal and urinary tract aspergillosis: a systematic review. Therapeutic Advances in Urology. 2023; 15: 17562872231218621.","DOI":"10.1177\/17562872231218621"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shishodia SK, Tiwari S, Shankar J. Resistance mechanism and proteins in Aspergillus species against antifungal agents. Mycology. 2019; 10: 151\u2013165.","DOI":"10.1080\/21501203.2019.1574927"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ferrigo D, Raiola A, Causin R. Fusarium Toxins in Cereals: Occurrence, Legislation, Factors Promoting the Appearance and Their Management. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2016; 21: 627.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules21050627"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nucci F, Nou\u00e9r SA, Capone D, Nucci M. Invasive mould disease in haematologic patients: comparison between fusariosis and aspergillosis. Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. 2018; 24: 1105.e1\u20131105.e4.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2018.05.006"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ruhnke M, Cornely OA, Schmidt-Hieber M, Alakel N, Boell B, Buchheidt D, et al. Treatment of invasive fungal diseases in cancer patients-Revised 2019 Recommendations of the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society of Hematology and Oncology (DGHO). Mycoses. 2020; 63: 653\u2013682.","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13082"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Van Everdingen AF, Hurst W. The application of the Laplace transformation to flow problems in reservoirs. Journal of Petroleum Technology. 1949; 1: 305\u2013324.","DOI":"10.2118\/949305-G"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Keitt TH, Stanley HE. Dynamics of North American breeding bird populations. Nature. 1998; 393: 257\u2013260.","DOI":"10.1038\/30478"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez M\u00c1, Trinidad JE, Garc\u00eda J, Fern\u00e1ndez M. The effect of the underlying distribution in Hurst exponent estimation. PloS One. 2015; 10: e0127824.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0127824"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tchourine K, Carballo-Pacheco M, Vitkup D. Multiple macroecological laws do characterize various aspects of microbiota dynamics. bioRxiv. 2021.  (preprint)","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.08.09.455744"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang XW, Liu YY. Origins of scaling laws in microbial dynamics. Physical Review Research. 2023; 5: 013004.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevResearch.5.013004"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu X, Wang B, Xu L. Statistical Analysis of Hurst Exponents of Essential\/Nonessential Genes in 33 Bacterial Genomes. PloS One. 2015; 10: e0129716.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0129716"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"DePetrillo PB, Speers D, Ruttimann UE. Determining the Hurst exponent of fractal time series and its application to electrocardiographic analysis. Computers in Biology and Medicine. 1999; 29: 393\u2013406.","DOI":"10.1016\/s0010-4825(99)00018-9"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sequeira J, Lou\u00e7\u00e3 J, Mendes AM, Lind PG. Using the hurst exponent and entropy measures to predict effective transmissibility in empirical series of malaria incidence. Applied Sciences. 2022; 12: 496.","DOI":"10.3390\/app12010496"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nishio M, Ellwood-Lowe ME, Woodburn M, McDermott CL, Park AT, Tooley UA, et al. The Hurst exponent as a marker of inhibition in the developing brain. bioRxiv. 2024.  (preprint)","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.09.29.615675"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Anitas EM. Fractal Analysis of DNA Sequences Using Frequency Chaos Game Representation and Small-Angle Scattering. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23: 1847.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23031847"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Deng X, Meng J. A non-linear analogy procedure for gene repair. Proceedings. 2017; 1: 128.","DOI":"10.3390\/IS4SI-2017-03999"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Henderson G, Cox F, Ganesh S, Jonker A, Young W, Global Rumen Census Collaborators, et al. Rumen microbial community composition varies with diet and host, but a core microbiome is found across a wide geographical range. Scientific Reports. 2015; 5: 14567.","DOI":"10.1038\/srep14567"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Safhi FA, Ateya A. New insights into polymorphisms in candidate genes associated with incidence of postparturient endometritis in Ossimi sheep (Ovis aries). Agriculture. 2023; 13: 2273.","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture13122273"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sessitsch A, Wakelin S, Schloter M, Maguin E, Cernava T, Champomier-Verges MC, et al. Microbiome Interconnectedness throughout Environments with Major Consequences for Healthy People and a Healthy Planet. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews : MMBR. 2023; 87: e0021222.","DOI":"10.1128\/mmbr.00212-22"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Anomaly J. What's Wrong With Factory Farming? Public Health Ethics. 2015; 8: 246\u2013254.","DOI":"10.1093\/phe\/phu001"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Bioscience-Elite"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.imrpress.com\/journal\/FBE\/18\/3\/10.31083\/FBE46742","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:24:32Z","timestamp":1790699072000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.imrpress.com\/journal\/FBE\/18\/3\/10.31083\/FBE46742"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"references-count":116,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"alternative-id":["S1945-0508(26)03972-0"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31083\/fbe46742","relation":{},"ISSN":["1945-0494","1945-0508"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1945-0494","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-0508","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"article-number":"46742"}}