{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T01:50:10Z","timestamp":1780105810970,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"IMR Press","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,30]],"date-time":"2019-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569801600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Integr. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Preinspiratory discharge manifests in the neuronal recordings of the pre-B\u00f6tzinger complex, parafacial respiratory group, retrotrapezoid nucleus, and K\u00f6lliker-Fuse nucleus, as well as the efferent neural discharge of respiratory-related nerves innervating upper airway musculature. This neural component of triphasic eupnea contemporaneously contributes to the genesis of native and originate respiratory rhythmic activity, as well as the preinspiratory component of efferent neural respiratory discharges. In the course of our investigations evaluating hypoglossal discharge in response to asphyxia, we noted a curious pattern of neural respiratory recovery following postasphyxia resuscitation in hypoglossal, vagal, and phrenic neurograms in unanesthetized decerebrate rats. Specifically, we observed a gradual return of a pseudobiphasic eupnea characterized by initial transition bursts followed by robust eupneic bursts with dynamics inclusive of a gradually and progressively increasing duration of the hypoglossal eupneic bursts and duration and amplitude of the preinspiratory component of these bursts, as well as progressively lengthening expiratory interval between these bursts in the phrenic nerve discharge. This was followed by conversion to regular triphasic eupnea. We discuss our extrapolations based on these findings regarding eupneic respiratory central pattern generation and mechanisms contributing to the genesis of preinspiratory activity in hypoglossal discharge.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.31083\/j.jin.2019.03.189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,30]],"date-time":"2019-09-30T11:19:04Z","timestamp":1569842344000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Mechanisms contributing to the genesis of hypoglossal preinspiratory discharge"],"prefix":"10.31083","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Michael G. Z.","family":"Ghali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 7200 Cambridge Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, 2900 W. Queen Lane, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"16242","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abdala, A. P., Rybak, I. A., Smith, J. C. and Paton, J. F. (2009) Abdominal expiratory activity in the rat brainstem-spinal cord in situ: patterns, origins and implications for respiratory rhythm generation. Journal of Physiology( London) 15, 3539-3559.","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2008.167502"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ad\u00e9n, U. (2011) Methylxanthines during pregnancy and early postnatal life. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology 200, 373-389.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-13443-2_14"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anderson, T. M., Garcia, A. J. Baertsch, N. A., Pollak, J., Bloom, J. C., Wei, A. D., Rai, K. G. and Ramirez, J. M. (2016) A novel excitatory network for the control of breathing. 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