{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T16:33:14Z","timestamp":1771259594927,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"IMR Press","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672876800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["NSC 6-2314-B-073-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSC 6-2314-B-073-001"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["MOST 107-2410-H-350-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 107-2410-H-350-001"]}]},{"name":"Medical Affairs Bureau, Ministry of Defense","award":["MAB-105-066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MAB-105-066"]}]},{"name":"Medical Affairs Bureau, Ministry of Defense","award":["MAB-107-051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MAB-107-051"]}]},{"name":"Medical Affairs Bureau, Ministry of Defense","award":["MAB-109- 052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MAB-109- 052"]}]},{"name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center","award":["CH-NDMC-108-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CH-NDMC-108-9"]}]},{"name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center","award":["CH-NDMC-109-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CH-NDMC-109-7"]}]},{"name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center","award":["CH-NDMC-110-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CH-NDMC-110-9"]}]},{"name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center","award":["CH-NDMC-111-09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CH-NDMC-111-09"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Integr. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) is thought responsible for the metabolic abnormalities of schizophrenic patients, however, some untreated schizophrenic patients had already developed problems with glucose metabolism. The present study examined the hypothesis that schizophrenia itself but not risperidone, an extensively employed SGA, is accountable for metabolic abnormalities. Methods: A 56-day risperidone regimen (1 mg\/kg\/day) was employed for rats of social isolation rearing (SIR) beginning at different developmental stage (28 or 56 days after weaning, i.e., adolescent and young adulthood, respectively). Metabolic parameters including body weight, systolic blood pressure (SBP), triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol, and plasma glucose were measured at baseline, 28, and 56 days of the regimen. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed at the end of the regimen. Insulin function was evaluated by area under the curve (AUC) of OGTT, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-ir), and Matsuda index. Results: Our results demonstrated that: (i) SIR rats presented higher body weight, plasma triglyceride, and HOMA-ir than social controls. (ii) Higher insulin resistance was specifically presented in young adult rather than adolescent SIR rats. (iii) Adolescent drugged rats showed a lower level of LDL in day 28 of the regimen than young adult. Risperidone led to a lower LDL level in only young adult IR rats in day 56 than undrugged rats. (iv) SIR-induced dysregulation of insulin can be reversed by chronic risperidone treatment beginning at adolescence but not young adulthood. Conclusions: Our findings support the primary role of schizophrenia in metabolic abnormalities and risperidone appear beneficial when administered earlier.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.31083\/j.jin2201012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,9]],"date-time":"2023-01-09T08:29:04Z","timestamp":1673252944000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effects of Early Risperidone Treatment on Metabolic Parameters in Socially Isolated Rats\u2014Implication of Antipsychotic Intervention across Developmental Stages of Schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.31083","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Nian-Sheng","family":"Tzeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, and Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, 114 Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Yin","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, 114 Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen-Cheng","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, 114 Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Po-Shiuan","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, 114 Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3250-6850","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yia-Ping","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, 114 Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, 112 Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"16242","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ved HS, Doshi GM. 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