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Integr. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a well-established treatment for the motor symptoms of Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD). While PD is primarily characterized by motor symptoms such as tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia, it also involves a range of non-motor symptoms, and anxiety is one of the most common. The relationship between PD and anxiety is complex and can be a result of both pathological neural changes and the psychological and emotional impacts of living with a chronic progressive condition. Managing anxiety in PD is critical for improving the patients\u2019 quality of life. However, patients undergoing STN DBS can occasionally experience increased anxiety. Methods: This study investigates changes in risk-avoidant behavior following STN DBS in a pre-motor animal model of PD under chronic and acute unilateral high frequency stimulation. Results: No significant changes in risk-avoidant behaviors were observed in rats who underwent STN DBS compared with sham stimulation controls. Chronic stimulation prevented sensitization in the elevated zero maze. Conclusions: These results suggest that unilateral stimulation of the STN may have minimal effects on risk-avoidant behaviors in PD. However, additional research is required to fully understand the mechanisms responsible for changes in anxiety during STN DBS for PD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.31083\/j.jin2304084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T09:50:18Z","timestamp":1713520218000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Unilateral High Frequency Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus on Risk-avoidant Behavior in a Partial 6-hydroxydopamine Model of Parkinson's Disease"],"prefix":"10.31083","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Sydney G.","family":"Hillan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anders J.","family":"Asp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leena B.","family":"Pramanik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aarushi A.","family":"Mukerjee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carter B.","family":"Mulder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wendy D.","family":"Lujan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jodi L.","family":"Silvernail","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Su-Youne","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suelen L.","family":"Boschen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. Luis","family":"Lujan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"16242","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Follett KA, Weaver FM, Stern M, Hur K, Harris CL, Luo P, et al. Pallidal versus subthalamic deep-brain stimulation for Parkinson\u2019s disease. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2010; 362: 2077\u20132091.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0907083"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weaver FM, Follett K, Stern M, Hur K, Harris C, Marks WJ, Jr, et al. Bilateral deep brain stimulation vs best medical therapy for patients with advanced Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled trial. 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