{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T13:18:25Z","timestamp":1783430305473,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"IMR Press","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ongoing Research Funding Program, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","award":["ORF-2026-554"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ORF-2026-554"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmazie"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background:Vancomycin (VAN) is the standard of care for Gram-positive infections. The systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) has been associated with infections and sepsis across various clinical settings; however, the correlates and determinants of the SIRI during VAN therapy remain unexplored. This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to identify the determinants of the SIRI among adults treated with VAN.Methods:Medical records of 299 patients who received VAN were analyzed consecutively. Prevalence rates were calculated; Spearman\u2019s correlation and regression models were employed to evaluate associations; risk assessment was conducted using prevalence ratios and odds ratios; diagnostic potential was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves.Results:The SIRI was significantly higher in intensive care unit (ICU) patients than in non-ICU patients receiving VAN therapy (p &lt; 0.0001). Age, blood pressure, creatinine, Na+, CO2, albumin, aspartate transaminase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), bilirubin, coefficient of variation in red cell distribution width (RDW-CV), and platelet count were significantly and differentially correlated with the SIRI. In the adjusted analysis, ICU requirement emerged as the strongest independent predictor of SIRI, with ICU patients showing a 2.13-fold higher SIRI(p &lt; 0.0001). Moreover, the prevalence of ICU requirement was 1.61 times higher in individuals with increased SIRI (p = 0.0018), whose odds of ICU requirement were 2.16 times higher (p = 0.0016). The SIRI also demonstrated moderate discriminatory ability, with the highest performance observed in patients younger than 50 years (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.731, p = 0.0001).Conclusions:The SIRI is a novel and cost-effective marker that is correlated with distinct demographic and clinical variables and independently associated with ICU requirement in VAN-treated patients and may aid in the risk stratification and management of this vulnerable patient cohort.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.31083\/pharmazie51565","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T12:56:33Z","timestamp":1783428993000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical and Biochemical Determinants of the Systemic Inflammation Response Index During Vancomycin Therapy"],"prefix":"10.31083","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3095-9154","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mohammad A.","family":"Alfhili","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 12372 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5159-9572","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sahar A.","family":"Alazmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 12372 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3836-1955","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jawaher","family":"Alsughayyir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 12372 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"16242","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Koyama N, Inokoshi J, Tomoda H. 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