{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T01:00:40Z","timestamp":1792112440501,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"IMR Press","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758758400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Innovative Research Program for Graduates of Hubei University of Medicine","award":["YC2023029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YC2023029"]}]},{"name":"Faculty Development Grants from Hubei University of Medicine","award":["2018QDJZR04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018QDJZR04"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020749","name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["WDCM2024020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WDCM2024020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020749","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Advantages Discipline Group (Medicine) Project in Higher Education of Hubei Province","award":["2025XKQT41"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025XKQT41"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev. Cardiovasc. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play pivotal roles in immune homeostasis; however, the association between Tregs and the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD) remains unclear. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the relationships among Tregs, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) expression, and CHD risk, with a focus on the severity of coronary artery stenosis and inflammatory cytokine dynamics. Methods: A total of 130 CHD patients (stratified by the Gensini score into low-\/high-risk stenosis subgroups) and 70 non-CHD controls were enrolled in this case\u2013control study. Peripheral blood Tregs (CD4+CD25+FoxP3+) and GLP-1R+ Tregs were quantified via flow cytometry. Plasma cytokines interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-35 (IL-35), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-\u03b1)) were measured. Multivariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were employed to evaluate the associations between Treg subsets and clinical outcomes; meanwhile, the Spearman correlation was used to assess the relationships between cytokines. Results: CHD patients presented with significantly lower proportions of total Tregs (p &lt; 0.001) and GLP-1R+ Tregs (p = 0.013) compared to controls, with further reductions in the high-risk stenosis subgroups. Multivariate analysis identified both Tregs (CHD: odds ratio (OR) = 0.752; p &lt; 0.001; stenosis: OR = 0.760; p = 0.021) and GLP-1R+ Tregs (CHD: OR = 0.859; p = 0.013; stenosis: OR = 0.840; p = 0.040) as independent predictors. The ROC analysis demonstrated diagnostic utility for Tregs (CHD: area under the curve (AUC) = 0.663; stenosis: AUC = 0.635) and GLP-1R+ Tregs (CHD: AUC = 0.600; stenosis: AUC = 0.619). The GLP-1R+ Treg proportion was positively correlated with anti-inflammatory IL-35 (r = 0.185, p = 0.016) and inversely correlated with IL-4 (r = \u20130.150, p = 0.047). Conclusion: Reduced Treg frequency and impaired GLP-1R expression on Tregs are independently associated with CHD susceptibility and stenosis progression, potentially mediated by dysregulation of inflammatory cytokines. The GLP-1R pathway in Tregs represents a novel immunomodulatory target for therapeutic intervention in CHD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.31083\/rcm39927","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T03:04:17Z","timestamp":1760151857000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["An Association Between GLP-1 Receptor Expression on Regulatory T Cells and the Severity of Coronary Artery Stenosis and Inflammatory Dysregulation in Coronary Heart Disease"],"prefix":"10.31083","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Mingzhu","family":"Lv","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital (Hubei Clinical Research Center of Hypertension), Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, 442000 Shiyan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengmeng","family":"Yue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital (Hubei Clinical Research Center of Hypertension), Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, 442000 Shiyan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital (Hubei Clinical Research Center of Hypertension), Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, 442000 Shiyan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital (Hubei Clinical Research Center of Hypertension), Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, 442000 Shiyan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatrics Department, Sinopharm Dongfeng Huaguo Hospital, 442000 Shiyan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Clinical School, Hubei University of Medicine, 442000 Shiyan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hang","family":"Qian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital (Hubei Clinical Research Center of Hypertension), Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, 442000 Shiyan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Long","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital (Hubei Clinical Research Center of Hypertension), Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, 442000 Shiyan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenwen","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, 442000 Shiyan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinwen","family":"Min","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital (Hubei Clinical Research Center of Hypertension), Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, 442000 Shiyan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Handong","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital (Hubei Clinical Research Center of Hypertension), Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, 442000 Shiyan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital (Hubei Clinical Research Center of Hypertension), Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, 442000 Shiyan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0542-6851","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aihua","family":"Mei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital (Hubei Clinical Research Center of Hypertension), Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, 442000 Shiyan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9071-2436","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jun","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital 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