{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T18:06:47Z","timestamp":1767895607249,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"IMR Press","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766448000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) y \nFondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional","award":["PMP22\/00158"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PMP22\/00158"]}]},{"name":"Uni\u00f3n Europea mediante el Plan de \nRecuperaci\u00f3n, Transformaci\u00f3n y Resiliencia \u2013 Next Generation EU"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Migraine diagnosis relies on clinical criteria that encompass various pain features and associated symptoms, which can vary widely across patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the potential association between sociodemographic factors and the characteristics of migraine attacks. Methods: We conducted an observational longitudinal study with prospective and real-time data collection using a custom-designed smartphone application. Clinical features and accompanying symptoms of each attack were recorded. Results: A total of 377 migraine attacks from 51 patients were analyzed. Headache intensity was higher in women (p = 0.038), in those with lower cognitive reserve (p = 0.049), and in patients with higher Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) scores (p = 0.020). Hemicranial pain was more common in patients with a longer disease duration (p = 0.028) and female sex was associated with a higher frequency of nausea (p = 0.034). Conclusions: Prospective and real-time recording of migraine attacks provides added value by more accurately capturing their clinical variability. Our findings suggest that sociodemographic variables influence attack characteristics, supporting the need for more personalized therapeutic approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.31083\/rn44755","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T11:39:51Z","timestamp":1767181191000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Influence of Clinical and Demographic Variables on the Characteristics of Migraine Attacks"],"prefix":"10.31083","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0622-8228","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sonia","family":"Quintas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Neurolog\u00eda, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa & Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Espa\u00f1a"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalia Aranda","family":"S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, 28029 Madrid, Espa\u00f1a"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1228-1503","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alicia","family":"Gonzalez-Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Neurolog\u00eda, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa & Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Espa\u00f1a"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alba Vieira","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Neurolog\u00eda, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa & Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Espa\u00f1a"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8357-7950","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Josu\u00e9","family":"Pag\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, 28031 Madrid, Espa\u00f1a"},{"name":"Center for Computational Stimulation, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, 28223 Boadilla del Monte, Espa\u00f1a"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7236-5330","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Ayala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Computational Stimulation, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, 28223 Boadilla del Monte, Espa\u00f1a"},{"name":"Departamento de Arquitectura de Computadores y Autom\u00e1tica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Espa\u00f1a"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6565-3705","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Javier","family":"Galvez-Goicur\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, 28031 Madrid, Espa\u00f1a"},{"name":"Brainguard SL, Pozuelo de Alarc\u00f3n, 28223 Madrid, Espa\u00f1a"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Sobrado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Neurolog\u00eda, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa & Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Espa\u00f1a"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Vivancos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Neurolog\u00eda, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa & Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Espa\u00f1a"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, 28029 Madrid, Espa\u00f1a"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0038-3406","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ana Beatriz","family":"Gago-Veiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Neurolog\u00eda, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa & Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Espa\u00f1a"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, 28029 Madrid, Espa\u00f1a"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"16242","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Classification and diagnostic criteria for headache disorders, cranial neuralgias and facial pain. Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society. Cephalalgia. 1988; 8: 1\u201396."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS). The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (beta version). Cephalalgia. 2013; 33: 629\u2013808.","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102413485658"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Headache Classification Subcommittee of the International Headache Society. The International Classification of Headache Disorders: 2nd edition. Cephalalgia. 2004; 24: 9\u2013160.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2003.00824.x"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS) The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition. Cephalalgia. 2018; 38: 1\u2013211.","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gago-Veiga AB, Vivancos J, Sobrado M. The premonitory phase: A crucial stage in migraine. Neurologia. 2021; 36: 298\u2013304.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nrl.2017.09.014"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Charles A. The evolution of a migraine attack - a review of recent evidence. Headache. 2013; 53: 413\u2013419.","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12026"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Torres-Ferr\u00fas M, Ursitti F, Alpuente A, Brunello F, Chiappino D, de Vries T, et al. From transformation to chronification of migraine: pathophysiological and clinical aspects. The Journal of Headache and Pain. 2020; 21: 42.","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-020-01111-8"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Scher AI, Wang SJ, Katsarava Z, Buse DC, Fanning KM, Adams AM, et al. Epidemiology of migraine in men: Results from the Chronic Migraine Epidemiology and Outcomes (CaMEO) Study. Cephalalgia. 2019; 39: 296\u2013305.","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102418786266"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Finocchi C, Strada L. Sex-related differences in migraine. Neurological Sciences. 2014; 35: 207\u2013213.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-014-1772-y"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kelman L. Migraine pain location: a tertiary care study of 1283 migraineurs. Headache. 2005; 45: 1038\u20131047.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2005.05185.x"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gazerani P, Cairns BE. Sex-Specific Pharmacotherapy for Migraine: A Narrative Review. Frontiers in Neuroscience. 2020; 14: 222.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.00222"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Queiroz LP, Silva Junior AA. The prevalence and impact of headache in Brazil. Headache. 2015; 55: 32\u201338.","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12511"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tsai CK, Tsai CL, Lin GY, Yang FC, Wang SJ. Sex Differences in Chronic Migraine: Focusing on Clinical Features, Pathophysiology, and Treatments. Current Pain and Headache Reports. 2022; 26: 347\u2013355.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-022-01034-w"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Allais G, Chiarle G, Sinigaglia S, Airola G, Schiapparelli P, Benedetto C. Gender-related differences in migraine. Neurological Sciences. 2020; 41: 429\u2013436.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-020-04643-8"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mulak A, Tach\u00e9 Y, Larauche M. Sex hormones in the modulation of irritable bowel syndrome. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2014; 20: 2433\u20132448.","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i10.2433"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Belfer I. Pain in women. Agri: Agri (Algoloji) Dernegi\u2019nin Yayin Organidir. 2017; 29: 51\u201354.","DOI":"10.5505\/agri.2017.87369"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Maurer AJ, Lissounov A, Knezevic I, Candido KD, Knezevic NN. Pain and sex hormones: a review of current understanding. Pain Management. 2016; 6: 285\u2013296.","DOI":"10.2217\/pmt-2015-0002"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Munjal S, Singh P, Reed ML, Fanning K, Schwedt TJ, Dodick DW, et al. Most Bothersome Symptom in Persons With Migraine: Results From the Migraine in America Symptoms and Treatment (MAST) Study. Headache. 2020; 60: 416\u2013429.","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13708"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lipton RB, Munjal S, Alam A, Buse DC, Fanning KM, Reed ML, et al. Migraine in America Symptoms and Treatment (MAST) Study: Baseline Study Methods, Treatment Patterns, and Gender Differences. Headache. 2018; 58: 1408\u20131426.","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13407"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Akarsu EO, Baykan B, Erta\u015f M, Zarifo\u011flu M, Kocasoy Orhan E, Saip S, et al. Sex Differences of Migraine: Results of a Nationwide Home-based Study in Turkey. Noro Psikiyatri Arsivi. 2019; 57: 126\u2013130.","DOI":"10.29399\/npa.23240"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bolay H, Ozge A, Saginc P, Orekici G, Ulud\u00fcz D, Yal\u0131n O, et al. Gender influences headache characteristics with increasing age in migraine patients. Cephalalgia. 2015; 35: 792\u2013800.","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102414559735"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ahmad SR, Rosendale N. Sex and Gender Considerations in Episodic Migraine. Current Pain and Headache Reports. 2022; 26: 505\u2013516.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-022-01052-8"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Song TJ, Cho SJ, Kim WJ, Yang KI, Yun CH, Chu MK. Sex Differences in Prevalence, Symptoms, Impact, and Psychiatric Comorbidities in Migraine and Probable Migraine: A Population-Based Study. Headache. 2019; 59: 215\u2013223.","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13470"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vetvik KG, MacGregor EA. Sex differences in the epidemiology, clinical features, and pathophysiology of migraine. The Lancet. Neurology. 2017; 16: 76\u201387.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)30293-9"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kelman L. Migraine changes with age: IMPACT on migraine classification. Headache. 2006; 46: 1161\u20131171.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2006.00444.x"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Straube A, Andreou A. Primary headaches during lifespan. The Journal of Headache and Pain. 2019; 20: 35.","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-019-0985-0"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Caronna E, Gallardo VJ, Fonseca E, G\u00f3mez-Galv\u00e1n JB, Alpuente A, Torres-Ferrus M, et al. How Does Migraine Change After 10 Years? A Clinical Cohort Follow-Up Analysis. Headache. 2020; 60: 916\u2013928.","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13774"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nucci M, Mapelli D, Mondini S. Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (CRIq): a new instrument for measuring cognitive reserve. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. 2012; 24: 218\u2013226.","DOI":"10.3275\/7800"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rami L, Valls-Pedret C, Bartr\u00e9s-Faz D, Caprile C, Sol\u00e9-Padull\u00e9s C, Castellvi M, et al. Cognitive reserve questionnaire: scores obtained in a healthy elderly population and in one with Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Revista de Neurolog\u00eda. 2011; 52: 195\u2013201. (En Espa\u00f1ol)","DOI":"10.33588\/rn.5204.2010478"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gomez-Beldarrain M, Oroz I, Zapirain BG, Ruanova BF, Fernandez YG, Cabrera A, et al. Right fronto-insular white matter tracts link cognitive reserve and pain in migraine patients. The Journal of Headache and Pain. 2015; 17: 4.","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-016-0593-1"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kosinski M, Bayliss MS, Bjorner JB, Ware JE, Jr, Garber WH, Batenhorst A, et al. A six-item short-form survey for measuring headache impact: the HIT-6. Quality of Life Research: an International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation. 2003; 12: 963\u2013974.","DOI":"10.1023\/a:1026119331193"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Buse D, Manack A, Serrano D, Reed M, Varon S, Turkel C, et al. Headache impact of chronic and episodic migraine: results from the American Migraine Prevalence and Prevention study. Headache. 2012; 52: 3\u201317.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2011.02046.x"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sauro KM, Rose MS, Becker WJ, Christie SN, Giammarco R, Mackie GF, et al. HIT-6 and MIDAS as measures of headache disability in a headache referral population. Headache. 2010; 50: 383\u2013395.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2009.01544.x"},{"key":"ref34","unstructured":"Anagnostou E, Constantinides V, Anagnostou E, Paraskevas G, Christidi F, Zalonis I, et al. Relationship of intensity and special characteristics of migraine to depressive and anxious features. Psychiatriki. 2013; 24: 197\u2013201."},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Duan S, Ren Z, Xia H, Wang Z, Zheng T, Li G, et al. Associations between anxiety, depression with migraine, and migraine-related burdens. Frontiers in Neurology. 2023; 14: 1090878.","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1090878"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tripepi G, Jager KJ, Dekker FW, Wanner C, Zoccali C. Bias in clinical research. Kidney International. 2008; 73: 148\u2013153.","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002648"}],"container-title":["Revista de Neurolog\u00eda"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.imrpress.com\/journal\/RN\/80\/11\/10.31083\/RN44755","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T12:22:43Z","timestamp":1767874963000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.imrpress.com\/journal\/RN\/80\/11\/10.31083\/RN44755"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"alternative-id":["S0210-0010(25)01265-0"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31083\/rn44755","relation":{},"ISSN":["0210-0010","1576-6578"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0210-0010","type":"print"},{"value":"1576-6578","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]},"article-number":"44755"}}