{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T13:46:11Z","timestamp":1792071971923,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,31]],"date-time":"2010-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":364,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>\n                    . To identify maternal, pregnancy, delivery and infants characteristics related to neonatal asphyxia and associated with substandard care.\n                    <jats:italic>Design and setting.<\/jats:italic>\n                    A nation\u2010wide case\u2010control study in Sweden.\n                    <jats:italic>Population.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Infants born between 1990 and 2005 with a gestational age \u2265 33 weeks and a spontaneous or induced onset of labor.\n                    <jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Cases were 177 previously identified infants suffering from encephalopathy caused by asphyxia where there was suspected substandard care during labor, and where claims for financial compensation were filed. Controls were identified from the population\u2010based Swedish Medical Birth Register, had an Apgar score of 10 at five minutes, and were alive at 28 days of age.\n                    <jats:italic>Main outcome measures.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Severe asphyxia associated with substandard care during childbirth.\n                    <jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Maternal and delivery factors associated with asphyxia included maternal age \u2265 30 years, short maternal stature (\u2264159 cm), previous cesarean delivery, insulin\u2010dependent diabetes before pregnancy and gestational diabetes, induced deliveries and delivery at night, with adjusted odds ratios (ORs) ranging from a two\u2010 to fourfold increase in risk. Compared with non\u2010dystocic deliveries, the OR for dystocic deliveries was fivefold higher, and was further increased if epidural anesthesia or opioids were used. Small\u2010 and large\u2010for\u2010gestational age infants, post\u2010term (\u226542 weeks) births, twins and breech deliveries had a three\u2010 to eightfold increase in risk of asphyxia when there was substandard care during labor.\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusion.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Dystocia of labor, especially if epidurals and\/or opioids are used, is the strongest risk factor associated with substandard care causing severe asphyxia during labor.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3109\/00016340903418751","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,4]],"date-time":"2009-12-04T08:22:51Z","timestamp":1259914971000},"page":"39-48","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Risk factors for asphyxia associated with substandard care during labor"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"SOPHIE","family":"BERGLUND","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CHARLOTTA","family":"GRUNEWALD","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HANS","family":"PETTERSSON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SVEN","family":"CNATTINGIUS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340601181318"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.00800.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.2002.811003.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7172.1554"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.10.862"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000140682.63746.be"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7172.1549"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.EDE.0000037975.55478.C7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.316.7132.657"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1986.tb07863.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)91130-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.37.1.57"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.22.2958"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2007.01602.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-200301000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1997.tb10643.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(79)90113-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(16)30227-4","article-title":"Fetal health surveillance in labour","volume":"24","author":"Liston R","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Can"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7292(87)90012-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","first-page":"469","volume-title":"Obstetrics","author":"Cunningham G","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006254-200111000-00025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(02)00344-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(16)30188-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.00940.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","unstructured":"http:\/\/www.socialstyrelsen.se\/Publicerat\/2002\/2023\/2002\u2010112\u201014.htm(in Swedish)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016349109006190"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","first-page":"41","article-title":"[Not all women use maternal health services. 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