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Maternal and umbilical cord serum were checked for copper and zinc by the protoninduced X\u2010ray emission (PIXE) method; maternal serum protein, hemoglobin and estriol were determined as well. Maternal zinc and copper values were lower, whereas the umbilical cord serum copper level was higher in the group with severe preeclampsia as compared with the controls. Maternal zinc was also lower in mild preeclampsia than in the controls. The possible causes of these changes are discussed in view of the hormonal, metabolic and enzymatic changes in preeclampsia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3109\/00016348409155551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,8]],"date-time":"2009-12-08T17:58:50Z","timestamp":1260295130000},"page":"629-631","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Copper and Zinc in Pre\u2010Eclampsia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"P.","family":"Kiilholma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Pakarinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Gr\u00e4nroos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-2243(79)90002-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000241337"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/34.11.2367"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/21.8.1159","article-title":"Standards for total serum protein assays. 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