{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T07:35:12Z","timestamp":1782632112162,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,7]],"date-time":"2011-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1294358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6184,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Histological evaluation of sections from the human fallopian tube revealed an inflammatory reaction in 21 of 31 women using an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) and in four of 29 controls (non\u2010IUCD users). The inflammatory cells were mainly localized at the epithelium\u2010lamina propria interface and at the center of the mucosal folds.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The immunohistochemical study revealed leukocytes (CD45<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>), T lymphocytes (CD3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>), T helper cells (CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>), T suppressor\/cytotoxic cells (CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>), B lymphocytes (CD22<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, CD19<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>), granulocytes, monocytes and null cells (CDllb<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>) mainly localized at the lamina propria in both groups. T lymphocytes were the predominant cell type, and the ratio between T helper and T suppressor\/cytotoxic cells was fairly close to one both in IUCD\u2010users and controls. B lymphocytes were the least frequent cell type identified. In IUCD users, the numbers of the different leukocytes were increased.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In both groups, IgA\u2010, IgG\u2010 and IgM\u2010positive cells were demonstrated and were predominantly located at the lamina propria of the mucosal folds. The IgA\u2010positive cells dominated in both groups, whereas IgG\u2010 and IgM\u2010positive cells were less frequent. Cell positive for IgA, IgG or IgM were significantly increased in number in the IUCD users.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The data confirm the presence of an immune system in the normal human fallopian tube and indicate that the IUCD can induce a prominent recruitment of inflammatory cells, with a tubal inflammation as the result. The IUCD may disturb the immunological function of the fallopian tube and its role in fertilization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3109\/00016349409013411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,13]],"date-time":"2007-11-13T19:10:21Z","timestamp":1194981021000},"page":"103-112","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["In situ characterization of leukocytes in the fallopian tube in women with or without an intrauterine contraceptice device"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Anne\u2010Lone","family":"Wollen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roar","family":"Sandvei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sverre","family":"M\u00f8rk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Louis","family":"Marandon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roald","family":"Matre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(70)90460-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"56","article-title":"Secretory immune system of the female reproductive tract: I. 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