{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T21:31:46Z","timestamp":1777411906612,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1992,12,1]],"date-time":"1992-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":723168000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aust N Z J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Levels of anxiety and depression were assessed for 207 HIV seropositive homosexual\/bisexual men (AIDS = 34, ARC = 72, asymptomatic HIV infection = 101), and 36 seronegative controls. Lymphocyte subset enumeration, history of opportunistic infections, and occurrence of HIV-related symptoms were recorded at the time of assessment. No differences between groups were found on age, educational level, state\/trait anxiety or depression scores. Neither the number of symptoms reported, their duration, severity, frequency of occurrence, nor the proportion of patients who reported a specific symptom was different between the three HIV seropositive groups. Severity of anxiety and depression was related to the magnitude of symptomatology, but not associated with either degree of immunodeficiency, number of opportunistic infections or diagnostic group. Principal component analysis extracted five symptom factors (cognitive, affective, psychosocial, neurological and physical), none of which predicted state anxiety scores. However, affective and psychosocial symptom factors predicted trait anxiety and depression scores. The results indicate that ratings of anxiety and depression are independent of stage of HIV infection, may be in part mediated by constitutional and physical symptoms of HIV disease, but are primarily associated with the presence of psychological and psychosocial symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3109\/00048679209072089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,21]],"date-time":"2007-11-21T20:52:49Z","timestamp":1195678369000},"page":"560-566","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Anxiety, Depression and HIV Related Symptomatology across the Spectrum of HIV Disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Perdices","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Dunbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Grunseit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wayne","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, and Centre for Immunology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1992,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00048679209072089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/REPY-D2WD-07NM-MBRT"},{"key":"bibr2-00048679209072089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3182(84)73037-4"},{"key":"bibr3-00048679209072089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.141.1.95"},{"key":"bibr4-00048679209072089","first-page":"20","volume":"99","author":"Perry SW","year":"1984","journal-title":"Public Health Reports"},{"key":"bibr5-00048679209072089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-8343(85)90040-4"},{"key":"bibr6-00048679209072089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.142.1.82"},{"key":"bibr7-00048679209072089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-103-5-760"},{"key":"bibr8-00048679209072089","first-page":"135","volume":"37","author":"Perry SW","year":"1986","journal-title":"Hospital and Community Psychiatry"},{"key":"bibr9-00048679209072089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00048678709160931"},{"key":"bibr10-00048679209072089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199005000-00001"},{"key":"bibr11-00048679209072089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03211.x"},{"key":"bibr12-00048679209072089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-440X(84)90061-0"},{"key":"bibr13-00048679209072089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-440X(86)90050-7"},{"key":"bibr14-00048679209072089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.143.6.777"},{"key":"bibr15-00048679209072089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)92542-5"},{"key":"bibr16-00048679209072089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.152.5.649"},{"key":"bibr17-00048679209072089","first-page":"240","volume":"46","author":"Kermani E","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clinical Psychiatry"},{"key":"bibr18-00048679209072089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1988.01800330091011"},{"key":"bibr19-00048679209072089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.146.6.737"},{"key":"bibr20-00048679209072089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410250507"},{"key":"bibr21-00048679209072089","volume-title":"STAI Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory","author":"Spielberger CD","year":"1970"},{"key":"bibr22-00048679209072089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014662167700100306"},{"key":"bibr23-00048679209072089","volume-title":"SAS User's Guide: Statistics (Ver 5)","author":"SAS Institute Inc.","year":"1985"},{"key":"bibr24-00048679209072089","volume-title":"EGRET User's Manual","author":"Statistics and Epidemiology Research Corporation","year":"1985"},{"key":"bibr25-00048679209072089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410230722"},{"key":"bibr26-00048679209072089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410230724"}],"container-title":["Australian &amp; 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