{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T21:43:20Z","timestamp":1777412600722,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,10,1]],"date-time":"1998-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":907200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aust N Z J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: The aim of this study was to compare levels of emotional and behavioural problems and competencies among immigrant and non-immigrant adolescents, and to determine factors that may contribute to any differences reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Method: Subjects were selected randomly from students aged 12-16 years attending a high school with a high proportion of immigrants in Perth, Western Australia. Parents completed the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL), and students completed the Youth Self-Report (YSR) and a Personal History Questionnaire.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: On univariate analyses, non-immigrant adolescents had significantly higher CBCL and YSR scores than immigrant adolescents. Multivariate analyses suggested that CBCL scores were predicted by a number of variables other than immigration, including family intactness, socioeconomic status (SES) and gender. Higher YSR scores were predicted by non-intact families, school setting and non-immigrant status, and higher competencies scores were predicted by higher SES and parents not being immigrants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions: In assessing the effects of immigration on adolescent mental health, it is important to control for factors associated with adolescent behavioural and emotional problems and to use multiple informants. Overall, immigrant adolescents report fewer total and externalising problems and fewer competencies than native-born adolescents. This finding may reflect strict immigration policies or cultural differences in definitions of psychopathology and the social expectations for adolescents' behaviour.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3109\/00048679809113120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,24]],"date-time":"2008-01-24T11:25:06Z","timestamp":1201173906000},"page":"658-665","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Emotional and Behavioural Problems and Competencies among Immigrant and Non-Immigrant Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Lisa C.","family":"Davies","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert S.","family":"McKelvey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatry Department, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Roberts Road, Subiaco, Western Australia, 6008, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00048679809113120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674379504000203"},{"key":"bibr2-00048679809113120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0080161"},{"key":"bibr3-00048679809113120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019791838401800203"},{"key":"bibr4-00048679809113120","volume-title":"Psychiatry around the globe: a transcultural view","author":"Leff J.","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr5-00048679809113120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-95213-5_17"},{"key":"bibr6-00048679809113120","volume-title":"Review of the literature on migrant mental health","author":"Canadian Task Force on Mental Health Issues Affecting Immigrants and Refugees.","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr7-00048679809113120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700006334"},{"key":"bibr8-00048679809113120","volume-title":"Refugee mental health in resettlement countries","author":"Carlin JE","year":"1986"},{"key":"bibr9-00048679809113120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-440X(94)90281-X"},{"key":"bibr10-00048679809113120","volume-title":"The price of freedom","author":"Krupinski J","year":"1986"},{"key":"bibr11-00048679809113120","volume-title":"Ethnicity, immigration and mental illness. 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Final Report to the Texas Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation","author":"Holzer CE","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr14-00048679809113120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199501000-00019"},{"key":"bibr15-00048679809113120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-0025.1989.tb02740.x"},{"key":"bibr16-00048679809113120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9450.1994.tb00948.x"},{"key":"bibr17-00048679809113120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00451279"},{"key":"bibr18-00048679809113120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199709000-00020"},{"key":"bibr19-00048679809113120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.162.3.353"},{"key":"bibr20-00048679809113120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199009000-00020"},{"key":"bibr21-00048679809113120","volume-title":"Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist\/4\u201318 and 1991 profile","author":"Achenbach TM","year":"1991"},{"key":"bibr22-00048679809113120","volume-title":"Manual for the Youth Self-Report and 1991 Profile","author":"Achenbach TM","year":"1991"},{"key":"bibr23-00048679809113120","volume-title":"Western Australian child health survey: family and community health","author":"Silburn SR","year":"1996"},{"key":"bibr24-00048679809113120","volume-title":"Coding system occupational level","author":"Australian Bureau of Statistics.","year":"1980","edition":"1"},{"key":"bibr25-00048679809113120","volume-title":"The nature of the child","author":"Kagan J.","year":"1984"},{"key":"bibr26-00048679809113120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-1971(88)80051-4"}],"container-title":["Australian &amp; New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3109\/00048679809113120","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3109\/00048679809113120","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T10:51:15Z","timestamp":1777373475000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3109\/00048679809113120"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,10]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3109\/00048679809113120"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/00048679809113120","relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-8674","1440-1614"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-8674","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1614","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,10]]}}}