{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T17:30:34Z","timestamp":1770831034645,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1992,1,1]],"date-time":"1992-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":694224000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992]]},"DOI":"10.3109\/00313029209063615","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,20]],"date-time":"2007-11-20T01:25:23Z","timestamp":1195521923000},"page":"19-26","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Immunohistochemical analysis of synovial membranes from inflammatory and non-inflammatory arthritides: scarcity of CD5 positive B cells and IL2 receptor bearing T cells"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Malcolm D.","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"O\u2019Donnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Highton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David G.","family":"Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Rozenbilds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Roberts-Thomson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-857X(21)00928-5","article-title":"The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. A critical assessment of the role of autologous stimulation in the perpetuation of rheumatoid synovitis","volume":"13","author":"Firestein","year":"1987","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North America"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1982.tb00676.x","article-title":"Relationships between HLA-DR expressing cells and T lymphocytes of different subsets in rheumatoid synovial tissue","volume":"15","author":"Klareskog","year":"1982","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1038\/288081a0","article-title":"Human T lymphocytes of inducer and suppressor type occupy different microenvironments","volume":"288","author":"Janossy","year":"1980","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(81)91107-7","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis: a disease of T lymphocyte\/macrophage immunoregulation","volume":"ii","author":"Janossy","year":"1981","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0025","first-page":"22","article-title":"An immunohistological analysis of lymphocyte subpopulations and their microenvironment in the synovial membranes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis using monoclonal antibodies","volume":"49","author":"Duke","year":"1982","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0030","first-page":"359","article-title":"In situ localisation of lymphocyte subsets in synovial membranes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis with monoclonal antibodies","volume":"9","author":"Meijer","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.158.4.1191","article-title":"Immunoelectron-microscopic study of the distribution of T cell subsets in rheumatoid synovium","volume":"158","author":"Kurosaka","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0040","first-page":"11","article-title":"Dendritic cells and high endothelial venules in the rheumatoid synovial membrane","volume":"17","author":"Van Dinther-Janssen","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780241106","article-title":"la + T cells in synovial fluid and tissues of patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"24","author":"Burmester","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.133.3.1230","article-title":"Activated T cells in vivo and in vitro: Divergence in expression of Tac and la antigens in the nonblastoid smaller T cells of inflammation and normal T cells activated in vitro","volume":"133","author":"Burmester","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780270106","article-title":"Immunohistologic characterisation of synovial membrane lymphocytes in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"27","author":"Young","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0060","first-page":"381","article-title":"Histochemical discrimination of HLA-DR positive cell populations in the normal and arthritic synovial lining","volume":"48","author":"Poulter","year":"1982","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.3109\/00313028609087564","article-title":"Lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, macrophages and platelets in synovium involved by rheumatoid arthritis. A study with monoclonal antibodies","volume":"18","author":"Palmer","year":"1986","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0070","first-page":"254","article-title":"Intraarticular T lymphocytes in monoarticular and oligoarticular inflammatory joint diseases","volume":"13","author":"Jahn","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780311003","article-title":"Phenotypic analysis of synovial tissue and peripheral blood lymphocytes isolated from patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"31","author":"Cush","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.48.2.92","article-title":"Immunohistological features of synovitis in ankylosing spondylitis: a comparison with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"48","author":"Kidd","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.3109\/03009748509100403","article-title":"T lymphocyte subsets and HLA-DR-expressing cells in the osteoarthritic synovialis","volume":"14","author":"Johnell","year":"1985","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780261104","article-title":"Phenotypic characterisation of synovial tissue cells in situ in different types of synovitis","volume":"26","author":"Lindblad","year":"1983","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0095","first-page":"41","article-title":"The synovial membrane of healthy individuals-immunohistochemical overlap with synovitis","volume":"69","author":"Lindblad","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780301001","article-title":"Arthroscopic and immunohistologic characterisation of knee joint synovitis in osteoarthritis","volume":"30","author":"Lindblad","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.47.4.300","article-title":"The synovial membrane in osteoarthritis: a histological study including the characterisation of the cellular infiltrate present in inflammatory osteoarthritis using monoclonal antibodies","volume":"47","author":"Reveil","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1002\/anr.1780320804","article-title":"Increased expression of HLA-DQ antigens by interstitial cells and endothelium in the synovial membrane of rheumatoid arthritis patients compared with reactive arthritis patients","volume":"32","author":"Barkley","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arth Rheum"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-857X(21)00850-4","article-title":"Autoimmunity in rheumatoid arthritis. An approach via a study of B lymphocytes","volume":"13","author":"Maini","year":"1987","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North America"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(88)90112-2","article-title":"Stimulatory effect of CD5 antibody on B cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"49","author":"Hara","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00270525","article-title":"Evaluation of CD5-positive B cells in blood and synovial fluid in patients with rheumatic diseases","volume":"7","author":"Sowden","year":"1987","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(195902)2:1<16::AID-ART1780020104>3.0.CO;2-9","article-title":"1958 revision of diagnostic criteria for rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"2","author":"Ropes","year":"1959","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0135","first-page":"844","article-title":"Reiter\u2019s syndrome. Evaluation of preliminary criteria for definite disease","volume":"24","author":"Wilkens","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8749(85)90006-1","article-title":"An anti-human monocyte\/macrophage monoclonal antibody reacting most strongly with macrophages in lymphoid tissue","volume":"92","author":"Hogg","year":"1985","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830160306","article-title":"The p150,95 molecule is a marker of human mononuclear phagocytes: comparison with expression of class II molecules","volume":"16","author":"Hogg","year":"1986","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830171011","article-title":"The human mononuclear phagocyte high affinity Fc receptor FcRl, defined by monoclonal antibody, 10.1","volume":"17","author":"Dougherty","year":"1987","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.49.2.81","article-title":"Lymphocyte surface marker expression in rheumatic diseases: Evidence for prior activation of lymphocytes in vivo","volume":"49","author":"Smith","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0160","first-page":"662","article-title":"Expression of HLA-DR, DQ and DP antigens and interleukin-2 receptor on synovial fluid T lymphocyte subsets in rheumatoid arthritis: Evidence for \u201cfrustrated\u201d activation","volume":"14","author":"Pitzalis","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0165","first-page":"230","article-title":"Nishioka K. 2 dimensional flow cytometric analysis of activation antigens expressed on the synovial fluid T cells in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"14","author":"Goto","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0170","first-page":"529","article-title":"Features of synovial membrane identified with monoclonal antibodies","volume":"59","author":"Palmer","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0175","first-page":"673","article-title":"Mononuclear phagocytes of normal and rheumatoid synovial membrane identified by monoclonal antibodies","volume":"56","author":"Hogg","year":"1985","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1987.tb00498.x","article-title":"Functional and molecular aspects of human T lymphocyte activation via T3-Ti and T11 pathways","volume":"95","author":"Alcover","year":"1987","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0185","first-page":"142","article-title":"Phenotypic characterization of lymphocytes infiltrating synovial tissue from patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Analysis of lymphocytes isolated from minced synovial tissue by dual immunofluorescent staining","volume":"17","author":"Nakao","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1987.tb01051.x","article-title":"Immunoregulatory lymphokines in rheumatoid joints. Search for interleukin 2 in synovial fluid","volume":"25","author":"Egeland","year":"1987","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.168.5.1573","article-title":"Cytokines in chronic inflammatory arthritis. 1. Failure to detect T cell lymphokines (interleukin 2 and interleukin 3) and presence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) and a novel mast cell growth factor in rheumatoid synovitis","volume":"168","author":"Firestein","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0200","first-page":"520","article-title":"Interleukin-2 in rheumatoid synovial fluid, synovial tissue and peripheral blood","volume":"59","author":"Combe","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0205","first-page":"149","article-title":"Interleukin 2 and interleukin 2 inhibitors in human serum and synovial fluid. 1. Characterization of the inhibitor and its mechanism of action","volume":"16","author":"Smith","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0210","first-page":"897","article-title":"Interleukin 2 and interleukin 2 inhibitors in human serum and synovial fluid. 2. Mitogenic stimulation, interleukin 2 production and interleukin 2 receptor expression in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and Reiter\u2019s syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Smith","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.3109\/03009748909102101","article-title":"Cells of the monocyte-macrophage series in peripheral blood and synovial fluid in inflammatory arthritis","volume":"18","author":"Highton","year":"1989","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1002\/anr.1780320803","article-title":"Increased expression of pl50,95 and CR3 leukocyte adhesion molecules by mononuclear phagocytes in rheumatoid synovial membranes","volume":"32","author":"Allen","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arth Rheum"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1002\/anr.1780320105","article-title":"Immunohistologic analysis of the distribution of cell adhesion molecules within the inflammatory synovial microenvironment","volume":"32","author":"Hale","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arth Rheum"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0230","first-page":"761","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies to a human T-cell antigen and la-like antigen in the characterisation of lymphoid leukemia","volume":"13","author":"Royston","year":"1981","journal-title":"Transplat Proc"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/0161-5890(84)90075-0","article-title":"Delineation of serologically distinct monomorphic determinants of human MHC Class II antigens. Evidence of heterogeneity in their topographic distribution","volume":"21","author":"Beckman","year":"1983","journal-title":"Molecular Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.126.4.1409","article-title":"Characterisation of a monoclonal antibody (4F2) that binds to human monocytes and to a subset of activated lymphocytes","volume":"126","author":"Haynes","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.3109\/00313028309061401","article-title":"Membrane antigens of human cells of the monocyte\/macrophage lineage studied with monoclonal antibodies","volume":"15","author":"Brooks","year":"1983","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0250","first-page":"753","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies specific for human monocytes, granulocytes and endothelium","volume":"53","author":"Hogg","year":"1984","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0255","first-page":"477","article-title":"Human lymphocyte markers defined by antibodies derived from somatic cell hybrids. 1. A hybridoma secreting antibody against a marker specific for human B lymphocytes","volume":"39","author":"Brooks","year":"1980","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.133.2.678","article-title":"Expression of C3d receptors during human B cell differentiation: Immunofluorescence analysis with the HB-5 monoclonal antibody","volume":"133","author":"Tedder","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780280212","article-title":"Immunohistochemical studies of interleukin-2 and gamma-interferon in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"28","author":"Husby","year":"1985","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1002\/anr.1780320405","article-title":"Very late activation antigen on synovial fluid T cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"32","author":"Laffon","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0275","first-page":"1274","article-title":"Phenotypic characterisation of dissociated mononuclear cells from rheumatoid synovial membrane","volume":"17","author":"Hanly","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.3109\/00313029209063615_bib0280","first-page":"47","article-title":"Quantification of macrophage cell surface molecules in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"77","author":"Hessian","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"}],"container-title":["Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031302516358731?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031302516358731?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T10:00:52Z","timestamp":1708336852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0031302516358731"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031302516358731"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/00313029209063615","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-3025"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-3025","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992]]}}}