{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T11:35:57Z","timestamp":1792236957860,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":268,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug Metabolism Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,1]]},"DOI":"10.3109\/03602538508991435","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,16]],"date-time":"2007-11-16T09:22:54Z","timestamp":1195204974000},"page":"185-253","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["History of Drug Metabolism: The First Half of the 20th Century"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Bachmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. H.","family":"Bickel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"CIT0001","volume-title":"A History of Biochemistry parts I-V","author":"Florkin M","year":"1972"},{"key":"CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-37007-0_4"},{"key":"CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02321002"},{"key":"CIT0004","volume-title":"Detoxication Mechanisms","author":"Williams R. T","year":"1947"},{"key":"CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smith R. L., Williams R. T. Metabolic Conjugation and Metabolic Hydrolysis, W. H. Fishman. Academic Press, New York 1970; Vol. 1: 1","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-257601-0.50007-4"},{"key":"CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03602537708993764"},{"key":"CIT0007","volume-title":"Detoxication Mechanisms2nd ed","author":"Williams R. T","year":"1959"},{"key":"CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1922.2.2.238","volume":"2","author":"Sherwin C. P","year":"1922","journal-title":"Physiol. Revs."},{"key":"CIT0009","first-page":"996","volume":"5","author":"Fromherz K","year":"1928","journal-title":"Handb. norm, pathol. Physiol."},{"key":"CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1939.19.3.323","volume":"19","author":"Young L","year":"1939","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.02.070133.002113"},{"key":"CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.04.070135.001403"},{"key":"CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.06.070137.001451"},{"key":"CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.10.070141.001405"},{"key":"CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.14.070145.003153"},{"key":"CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.17.070148.001511"},{"key":"CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.20.070151.002301"},{"key":"CIT0018","first-page":"149","volume":"54","author":"Haas H","year":"1876","journal-title":"Centralblatt med. Wissensch."},{"key":"CIT0019","first-page":"403","volume":"7","author":"Hoppe-Seyler G","year":"1882","journal-title":"Z. physfol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0020","first-page":"323","volume":"9","author":"Fl\u00fcckiger M","year":"1885","journal-title":"Z. physiol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1900.29.3.256"},{"key":"CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0280131"},{"key":"CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-34-8795P"},{"key":"CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0300057"},{"key":"CIT0025","first-page":"29","volume":"11","author":"Paderi C","year":"1911","journal-title":"Arch. Farmacol. sperim."},{"key":"CIT0026","first-page":"479","volume":"65","author":"Biberfeld J","year":"1914","journal-title":"Biochem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0027","first-page":"105","volume":"181","author":"H\u00fcrthle R","year":"1927","journal-title":"Biochem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01977773"},{"key":"CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-29109-2"},{"key":"CIT0030","first-page":"422","volume":"3","author":"Schmiedeberg O.","year":"1879","journal-title":"Z. physiol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cber.18910240199"},{"key":"CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1913.tb00669.x"},{"key":"CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0280136"},{"key":"CIT0034","first-page":"68","volume":"47","author":"Mayer P","year":"1902","journal-title":"Z. klin. Med."},{"key":"CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01991793"},{"key":"CIT0036","first-page":"502","volume":"6","author":"Magnus-Levy A","year":"1907","journal-title":"Biochem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cber.19250580908"},{"key":"CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)84495-7","volume":"70","author":"Quick A. J","year":"1926","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)84520-3","volume":"70","author":"Quick A. J","year":"1926","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)84568-9","volume":"69","author":"Quick A. J","year":"1926","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)76110-3","volume":"98","author":"Quick A. J","year":"1932","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1932.211.6.275"},{"key":"CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-30-6605"},{"key":"CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-30-6606"},{"key":"CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)75961-9","volume":"100","author":"Quick A. J","year":"1933","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0271210"},{"key":"CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0271197"},{"key":"CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0280403"},{"key":"CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)74194-X","volume":"122","author":"Goebel W. F","year":"1937","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)73675-2","volume":"129","author":"Lipschitz W. L.","year":"1939","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)51211-4","volume":"153","author":"Dziewiatkowski D. D.","year":"1944","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0052","first-page":"24","volume":"1","author":"Ure A","year":"1841","journal-title":"Pharm. J. Transact."},{"key":"CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)85523-5","volume":"57","author":"Griffith W. H.","year":"1923","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)76545-9","volume":"92","author":"Quick A. J","year":"1931","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0055","first-page":"541","volume":"6","author":"Magnus-Levy A","year":"1907","journal-title":"Biochem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0056","first-page":"523","volume":"6","author":"Magnus-Levy A","year":"1907","journal-title":"Biochem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)91617-0","volume":"6","author":"Dakin H. D","year":"1909","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1914.89.3.151"},{"key":"CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)41435-9","volume":"162","author":"Shemin D","year":"1946","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0060","first-page":"798","volume":"18","author":"Neuberg C","year":"1911","journal-title":"Berl. klin. Wschr."},{"key":"CIT0061","first-page":"371","volume":"28","author":"Schayer R. W","year":"1950","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"CIT0062","first-page":"260","volume":"206","author":"Abderhalden E.","year":"1924","journal-title":"Pfl\u00fcgers Arch. ges. Physiol."},{"key":"CIT0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)84934-1","volume":"64","author":"Griffith W. H","year":"1925","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0064","first-page":"311","volume":"235","author":"Braunstein A. E.","year":"1931","journal-title":"Biochem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0065","first-page":"174","volume":"8","author":"Baldoni A","year":"1908","journal-title":"Arch. Farmacol. sperim."},{"key":"CIT0066","first-page":"193","volume":"8","author":"Baldoni A","year":"1908","journal-title":"Arch. Farmacol. sperim."},{"key":"CIT0067","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1910.68.1.79"},{"key":"CIT0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)88795-6","volume":"10","author":"Ringer I","year":"1911","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0069","first-page":"88","volume":"35","author":"Friedmann E.","year":"1911","journal-title":"Biochem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)88359-4","volume":"18","author":"Lewis H. B","year":"1914","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0071","first-page":"601","volume":"7","author":"Denis W","year":"1915","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"CIT0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)87510-X","volume":"25","author":"Lewis H. B.","year":"1916","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0073","first-page":"461","volume":"10","author":"Hanzlik P. J","year":"1917","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"CIT0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)85799-4","volume":"53","author":"Shiple G. J.","year":"1922","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0075","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/recl.19240430902"},{"key":"CIT0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)85693-9","volume":"55","author":"Crowdle J. H.","year":"1932","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)85186-9","volume":"60","author":"Csonka F. A","year":"1924","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0078","first-page":"297","volume":"26","author":"Holmes E. G","year":"1925","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"CIT0079","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-192608000-00002"},{"key":"CIT0080","first-page":"437","volume":"34","author":"Johnson C","year":"1928","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"CIT0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)76148-6","volume":"98","author":"Quick A. J","year":"1932","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)75893-6","volume":"101","author":"Quick A. J","year":"1933","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0083","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1936.239.1-2.30"},{"key":"CIT0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)73845-3","volume":"127","author":"Rittenberg D.","year":"1939","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)73447-9","volume":"131","author":"Abbot L. D.","year":"1939","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)73163-3","volume":"135","author":"Bloch K.","year":"1940","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)73418-2","volume":"132","author":"Borsook H.","year":"1940","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0088","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1941.270.3-4.113"},{"key":"CIT0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1002\/hlca.19420250202","volume":"25","author":"Leuthard F.","year":"1942","journal-title":"Helv. chim. Acta"},{"key":"CIT0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)51295-3","volume":"145","author":"Kapp E. M.","year":"1942","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0091","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01640193"},{"key":"CIT0092","volume-title":"Die Arzneimittel-Synthese auf Grundlage der Beziehungen zwischen chemischem Aufbau und Wirkungen3rded","author":"Fr\u00e4nkel S","year":"1912"},{"key":"CIT0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)85221-8","volume":"60","author":"Shiple G. J.","year":"1924","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0094","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cber.187901201225"},{"key":"CIT0095","first-page":"274","volume":"17","author":"Cohn R","year":"1893","journal-title":"Z. physiol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)85465-5","volume":"58","author":"Cerecedo L. R.","year":"1923","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0097","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1911.71.3.252"},{"key":"CIT0098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1914.91.1-2.21"},{"key":"CIT0099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1910.70.1.1"},{"key":"CIT0100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1915.93.6.401"},{"key":"CIT0101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1925.146.4-6.267"},{"key":"CIT0102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)84717-2","volume":"67","author":"Muenzen J. B.","year":"1926","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-30-6827"},{"key":"CIT0104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)50210-6","volume":"102","author":"Harrow B.","year":"1933","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0105","first-page":"XXXIV","volume":"105","author":"Harrow B.","year":"1934","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0106","first-page":"302","volume":"293","author":"Harrow B.","year":"1937","journal-title":"Bio- chem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0331688"},{"key":"CIT0108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0340633"},{"key":"CIT0109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hlca.19380210156"},{"key":"CIT0110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1940.267.1-2.91"},{"key":"CIT0111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)43110-9","volume":"160","author":"Lipman F","year":"1945","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cber.19140470341"},{"key":"CIT0113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)86690-X","volume":"31","author":"Sherwin C. P","year":"1917","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-33-8465P"},{"key":"CIT0115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cber.187901201286"},{"key":"CIT0116","first-page":"309","volume":"5","author":"Baumann E.","year":"1881","journal-title":"Z. physiol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0117","first-page":"299","volume":"8","author":"Baumann E","year":"1884","journal-title":"Z. physiol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0210606"},{"key":"CIT0119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0150286"},{"key":"CIT0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)77062-2","volume":"84","author":"Hopkins F. G","year":"1929","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0121","first-page":"467","volume":"27","author":"Voegtlin C.","year":"1926","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"CIT0122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01860111"},{"key":"CIT0123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01859336"},{"key":"CIT0124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01859335"},{"key":"CIT0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)74214-2","volume":"122","author":"Stekol J. A","year":"1937","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)51427-7","volume":"138","author":"Stekol J. A","year":"1941","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0127","first-page":"419","volume":"61","author":"Battelli F.","year":"1909","journal-title":"C. R. S\u00e9ances Soc. Biol."},{"key":"CIT0128","first-page":"5","volume":"68","author":"Battelli F.","year":"1910","journal-title":"C. R. S\u00e9ances Soc. Biol."},{"key":"CIT0129","first-page":"742","volume":"68","author":"Battelli F.","year":"1910","journal-title":"C. R. S\u00e9ances Soc. Biol."},{"key":"CIT0130","first-page":"143","volume":"12","author":"Pringsheim J","year":"1908","journal-title":"Biochem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0131","first-page":"129","volume":"77","author":"Hirsch J","year":"1916","journal-title":"Biochem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0132","first-page":"271","volume":"109","author":"Schweisheimer W","year":"1913","journal-title":"Deut. Arch. klin. Med."},{"key":"CIT0133","first-page":"140","volume":"45","author":"Masuda M","year":"1912","journal-title":"Biochem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0134","first-page":"72","volume":"119","author":"Stepp W.","year":"1922","journal-title":"Z. physiol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01862761"},{"key":"CIT0136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1935.236.4-6.158"},{"key":"CIT0137","first-page":"167","volume":"12","author":"Le Breton E","year":"1936","journal-title":"Ann. Physiol. Physicochim. biol."},{"key":"CIT0138","first-page":"156","volume":"285","author":"Warburg O.","year":"1936","journal-title":"Biochem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0139","first-page":"351","volume":"293","author":"Negelein E","year":"1937","journal-title":"Biochem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1940.267.1-2.99"},{"key":"CIT0141","first-page":"97","volume":"44","author":"Fischer E.","year":"1903","journal-title":"Ther. d. Gegenw."},{"key":"CIT0142","first-page":"354","volume":"45","author":"Kleist P","year":"1904","journal-title":"Ther. d. Gegenw."},{"key":"CIT0143","first-page":"145","volume":"45","author":"Fischer E.","year":"1904","journal-title":"Ther. d. Gegenw."},{"key":"CIT0144","first-page":"531","volume":"49","author":"Fischer P.","year":"1908","journal-title":"Ther. d. Gegenw."},{"key":"CIT0145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01840950"},{"key":"CIT0146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1189511"},{"key":"CIT0147","first-page":"1450","volume":"74","author":"Halberkann J.","year":"1927","journal-title":"Munch. Med. Wschr."},{"key":"CIT0148","first-page":"670","volume":"21","author":"Impens E","year":"1925","journal-title":"Med. Klinik"},{"key":"CIT0149","first-page":"1429","volume":"79","author":"Fretwurst F.","year":"1932","journal-title":"Munch. Med. Wschr."},{"key":"CIT0150","first-page":"1230","volume":"32","author":"Boedecker F.","year":"1926","journal-title":"Med. Klinik"},{"key":"CIT0151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01868186"},{"key":"CIT0152","first-page":"124","volume":"73","author":"Pulver R","year":"1943","journal-title":"Schw. Med. Wschr."},{"key":"CIT0153","volume-title":"Zum Stoffwechsel der Barbiturate","author":"Bickel M. H","year":"1960"},{"key":"CIT0154","first-page":"217","author":"Maynert E. W.","year":"1949","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev., J"},{"key":"CIT0155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1954.tb10939.x"},{"key":"CIT0156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01628403"},{"key":"CIT0157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01855751"},{"key":"CIT0158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01929644"},{"key":"CIT0159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01846055"},{"issue":"3","key":"CIT0160","author":"Giemsa G.","year":"1907","journal-title":"Arch. Schiffs- u. Tropenhyg."},{"key":"CIT0161","first-page":"98","volume":"8","author":"Grosser P","year":"1908","journal-title":"Biochem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0162","first-page":"144","volume":"36","author":"Katz J","year":"1911","journal-title":"Biochem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01862793"},{"key":"CIT0164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1134638"},{"key":"CIT0165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1134639"},{"key":"CIT0166","first-page":"215","volume":"32","author":"Nierenstein M","year":"1918","journal-title":"J. Roy. Army Med. Corps."},{"key":"CIT0167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1919.11684197","volume":"13","author":"Lipkin I. J","year":"1919","journal-title":"Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit."},{"key":"CIT0168","first-page":"218","volume":"32","author":"Nierenstein A. M","year":"1919","journal-title":"J. Roy. Army Med. Corps."},{"key":"CIT0169","first-page":"24","volume":"95","author":"Halberkann J","year":"1919","journal-title":"Biochem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0170","first-page":"574","volume":"74","author":"Giemsa G","year":"1927","journal-title":"Munch. Med. Wschr."},{"key":"CIT0171","first-page":"215","volume":"64","author":"Kaiser F","year":"1940","journal-title":"Arch. int. Pharmacodyn. Ther."},{"key":"CIT0172","first-page":"97","volume":"1","author":"Anderson C. F.","year":"1942","journal-title":"Fed. Proc"},{"key":"CIT0173","first-page":"77","volume":"79","author":"Kelsey F. E.","year":"1943","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"CIT0174","first-page":"391","volume":"80","author":"Kelsey F. E.","year":"1944","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"CIT0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)71883-8","volume":"154","author":"Mead J.","year":"1944","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)41300-7","volume":"163","author":"Knox W. E","year":"1946","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0177","first-page":"43","volume":"41","author":"Shannon J. A","year":"1946","journal-title":"Harvey Lectures"},{"key":"CIT0178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)77729-1","volume":"188","author":"Brodie B. B.","year":"1951","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01824696"},{"key":"CIT0180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01944125"},{"key":"CIT0181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01840931"},{"key":"CIT0182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01841027"},{"key":"CIT0183","first-page":"1149","volume":"49","author":"Hirschlaff L","year":"1902","journal-title":"Berl. Klin. Wschr."},{"key":"CIT0184","first-page":"1174","volume":"50","author":"Hirschlaff L","year":"1902","journal-title":"Berl. Klin. Wschr."},{"key":"CIT0185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1920.00100030023003"},{"key":"CIT0186","first-page":"494","volume":"11","author":"Autenrieth W","year":"1901","journal-title":"Ber. deut. pharm. Ges."},{"key":"CIT0187","first-page":"161","volume":"54","author":"von Kaufmann-Asser W","year":"1913","journal-title":"Biochem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0188","first-page":"1338","volume":"156","author":"Darlencourt M. H","year":"1913","journal-title":"C. R. S\u00e9ances Acad. Sci."},{"key":"CIT0189","first-page":"265","volume":"120","author":"Wachtel C","year":"1921","journal-title":"Biochem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1929.00140060077008"},{"key":"CIT0191","first-page":"201","volume":"46","author":"Pierce I. H.","year":"1932","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"CIT0192","first-page":"432","volume":"49","author":"Plant O. H.","year":"1933","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"CIT0193","first-page":"413","volume":"68","author":"Gross E. G.","year":"1940","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"CIT0194","first-page":"240","volume":"69","author":"Oberst F. W","year":"1940","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"CIT0195","first-page":"188","volume":"80","author":"Oberstand F. W.","year":"1944","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"CIT0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1901.32.1-2.111"},{"key":"CIT0197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1950.285.1-3.97"},{"key":"CIT0198","first-page":"133","volume":"16","author":"Jonescu D","year":"1906","journal-title":"Ber. deut. pharm. Ges."},{"key":"CIT0199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cber.190103402228"},{"key":"CIT0200","first-page":"2895","volume":"35","author":"Jaffe M","year":"1902","journal-title":"Ber. deut. chem. Ges."},{"key":"CIT0201","first-page":"57","volume":"62","author":"Robert R","year":"1907","journal-title":"Z. klin. Med."},{"key":"CIT0202","first-page":"372","volume":"27","author":"Prouzergue R","year":"1923","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Chim."},{"key":"CIT0203","first-page":"149","volume":"11","author":"Halberkann J.","year":"1940","journal-title":"Arch. Inst. Biol. Sao Paulo"},{"key":"CIT0204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1129486"},{"key":"CIT0205","first-page":"756","volume":"120","author":"Tr\u00e9fou\u00ebl J.","year":"1935","journal-title":"C. R. S\u00e9ances Soc. Biol."},{"key":"CIT0206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)48181-X"},{"key":"CIT0207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)20734-X"},{"key":"CIT0208","volume-title":"Etude sur l' \u00e9limination de la sulphamidochrysoidine","author":"Kellner K","year":"1936"},{"key":"CIT0209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)97447-6"},{"key":"CIT0210","first-page":"1062","volume":"152","author":"Sisley P.","year":"1911","journal-title":"C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris)"},{"key":"CIT0211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.85.2199.202"},{"key":"CIT0212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1937.02780120023005"},{"key":"CIT0213","first-page":"615","volume":"23","author":"Scudi V.","year":"1938","journal-title":"J. Lab. Clin. Med."},{"key":"CIT0214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1938.02790230001001"},{"key":"CIT0215","first-page":"528","volume":"34","author":"Shelswell J.","year":"1940","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-38-9746P"},{"key":"CIT0217","first-page":"XVI","volume":"63","author":"Muenzen J. B.","year":"1925","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1938.02790040006002"},{"key":"CIT0219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0340633"},{"key":"CIT0220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0330697"},{"key":"CIT0221","first-page":"133","volume":"59","author":"Woods D. D.","year":"1940","journal-title":"Chem. Ind."},{"key":"CIT0222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01628938"},{"key":"CIT0223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01966220"},{"key":"CIT0224","unstructured":"Bickel M. H. Marceli Afencki 1849-1901. Hans Huber, Bern-Stuttgart-Wien 1972; 45ff"},{"key":"CIT0225","volume-title":"Lehrbuch der physiologischen Chemie mit Berucksichtigung der pathologischen Verhaltnisse","author":"Neumeister R","year":"1893"},{"key":"CIT0226","first-page":"75","volume":"84","author":"Berczeller L","year":"1917","journal-title":"Biochem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)84621-X","volume":"68","author":"Rose A. R.","year":"1926","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01971858"},{"key":"CIT0229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.25.070156.003303"},{"key":"CIT0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)76196-6","volume":"97","author":"Quick A. J","year":"1932","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0292679"},{"key":"CIT0232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(20)74012-3","volume":"77","author":"Quick A. J","year":"1928","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0233","volume-title":"Textbook of Biochemistry","author":"Harrow B.","year":"1935"},{"key":"CIT0234","volume-title":"Lehrbuch der Chemie","volume":"6","author":"Berzelius J. J","year":"1837"},{"key":"CIT0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)84560-4","volume":"69","author":"Sumner J. B","year":"1926","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-47792-8"},{"key":"CIT0237","author":"Duclaux J","year":"1933","journal-title":"4\u00e8me Cong, Chim. biol., Paris"},{"key":"CIT0238","first-page":"145","volume":"28","author":"Battelli F.","year":"1910","journal-title":"Biochem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0239","first-page":"817","volume":"22","author":"Starkenstein E","year":"1924","journal-title":"Handbuch exp. Pharmakol."},{"key":"CIT0240","first-page":"113","author":"Dixon W. E","year":"1920","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"CIT0241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)74023-4","volume":"124","author":"Klein J. R.","year":"1938","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)76301-1","volume":"96","author":"Quick A. J","year":"1932","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0243","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1937.249.2-4.135"},{"key":"CIT0244","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)73094-9","volume":"136","author":"Fishman W. H","year":"1940","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0245","first-page":"412","volume":"135","author":"Houet R.","year":"1941","journal-title":"C. R. S\u00e9ances Soc. Biol."},{"key":"CIT0246","unstructured":"Bernheim F. The Enzymes, Sumner, Myrb\u00e4ck. Academic Press, New York 1952; vol. II\/2: 844 ff"},{"key":"CIT0247","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.27.070158.002235"},{"key":"CIT0248","first-page":"741","volume":"107","author":"Marenzi A. D","year":"1931","journal-title":"C. R. S\u00e9ances Soc. Biol."},{"key":"CIT0249","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01998681"},{"key":"CIT0250","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01830969"},{"key":"CIT0251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01845071"},{"key":"CIT0252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1902.35.4-5.324"},{"key":"CIT0253","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)88165-0","volume":"21","author":"Kingsbury F. B.","year":"1915","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0254","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)86004-5","volume":"49","author":"Delprat G. D.","year":"1921","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0255","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI100032"},{"key":"CIT0256","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)84722-6","volume":"67","author":"Brakefield J. L.","year":"1926","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0257","first-page":"40","volume":"145","author":"Snapper I.","year":"1924","journal-title":"Biochem. Z."},{"key":"CIT0258","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)76300-X","volume":"96","author":"Quick A. J","year":"1932","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0259","first-page":"85","volume":"52","author":"Kanzaki I","year":"1933","journal-title":"Sei-i-kwai Med. J."},{"key":"CIT0260","volume-title":"Labor und Medizin einst und jetzt","author":"Boschung U","year":"1980"},{"key":"CIT0261","first-page":"1","volume":"33","author":"Farr A. D","year":"1976","journal-title":"Med. Lab. Sci."},{"key":"CIT0262","first-page":"1238","volume":"28","author":"B\u00fcttner H","year":"1977","journal-title":"Med. Welt"},{"key":"CIT0263","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/19.4.373","volume":"19","author":"Caraway W. T","year":"1973","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"CIT0264","first-page":"325","volume":"23","author":"Ihde A. J","year":"1956","journal-title":"Sci. Teacher"},{"key":"CIT0265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01850174"},{"key":"CIT0266","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1940.20.2.218","volume":"20","author":"Schoenheimer R.","year":"1940","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"CIT0267","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0170439"},{"key":"CIT0268","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03602538308991399"}],"container-title":["Drug Metabolism Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3109\/03602538508991435","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,27]],"date-time":"2021-08-27T20:56:17Z","timestamp":1630097777000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.3109\/03602538508991435"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1985,1]]},"references-count":268,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3109\/03602538508991435"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/03602538508991435","relation":{},"ISSN":["0360-2532","1097-9883"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0360-2532","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-9883","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1985,1]]}}}