{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T13:01:31Z","timestamp":1792674091238,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["celltherapyjournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cytotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"DOI":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,6]],"date-time":"2011-10-06T04:56:25Z","timestamp":1317876985000},"page":"91-103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["The cytotoxic potential of interleukin-15-stimulated cytokine-induced killer cells against leukemia cells"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Eva","family":"Rettinger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selim","family":"Ku\u00e7I","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivonne","family":"Naumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Becker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hermann","family":"Kreyenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Anzaghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andre","family":"Willasch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrike","family":"Koehl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gesine","family":"Bug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Ruthardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Klingebiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Fulda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Bader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.05.198","article-title":"Increasing mixed chimerism is an important prognostic factor for unfavorable outcome in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation: possible role for pre-emptive immunotherapy?","volume":"22","author":"Bader","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015415928521","article-title":"Studies of ex vivo activated and expanded CD8 + NK-T cells in humans and mice","volume":"22","author":"Verneris","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.174.1.139","article-title":"Use of a SCID mouse\/human lymphoma model to evaluate cytokine-induced killer cells with potent antitumor cell activity","volume":"174","author":"Schmidt-Wolf","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0020","first-page":"1673","article-title":"Phenotypic characterization and identification of effector cells involved in tumor cell recognition of cytokine-induced killer cells","volume":"21","author":"Schmidt-Wolf","year":"1993","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.153.4.1687","article-title":"A novel population of expanded human CD3 + CD56 + cells derived from T cells with potent in vivo antitumor activity in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency","volume":"153","author":"Lu","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2008.02910.x","article-title":"Characterization of the recognition and functional heterogeneity exhibited by cytokine-induced killer cell subsets against acute myeloid leukaemia target cell","volume":"126","author":"Linn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1517\/14712590903005552","article-title":"Cytokine induced killer cells as adoptive immunotherapy strategy to augment graft versus tumor after hematopoietic cell transplantation","volume":"9","author":"Sangiolo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expert Opin Biol Ther"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8749(91)90369-M","article-title":"Comparative studies of CD3\u2212 and CD3 + CD56 + cells: examination of morphology, functions, T cell receptor rearrangement, and pore-forming protein expression","volume":"136","author":"Ortaldo","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxn042","article-title":"Alloreactivity and anti-tumor activity segregate within two distinct subsets of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells: implications for their infusion across major HLA barriers","volume":"20","author":"Sangiolo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3065","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-06-2125","article-title":"Role of NKG2D signaling in the cytotoxicity of activated and expanded CD8 + T cells","volume":"103","author":"Verneris","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2009.019885","article-title":"Efficient lysis of rhabdomyosarcoma cells by cytokine-induced killer cells: implications for adoptive immunotherapy after allogeneic stem cell transplantation","volume":"95","author":"Kuci","year":"2010","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2006.05.004","article-title":"Characterization of in vitro migratory properties of anti-CD19 chimeric receptor-redirected CIK cells for their potential use in B-ALL immunotherapy","volume":"34","author":"Marin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2002.03247.x","article-title":"Generation of cytokine-induced killer cells from leukaemic samples with in vitro cytotoxicity against autologous and allogeneic leukaemic blasts","volume":"116","author":"Linn","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0070","first-page":"1108","article-title":"Expansion of CD3 + CD56 + cytotoxic cells from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: in vitro efficacy","volume":"85","author":"Lefterova","year":"2000","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2144","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2010.026310","article-title":"Cytokine induced killer cells for cell therapy of acute myeloid leukemia: improvement of their immune activity by expression of CD33-specific chimeric receptors","volume":"95","author":"Marin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-06-290858","article-title":"Enhanced killing of human B-cell lymphoma targets by combined use of cytokine-induced killer cell (CIK) cultures and anti-CD20 antibodies","volume":"117","author":"Pievani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1995.tb00091.x","article-title":"Common cytokine receptor gamma chain (gamma c)-dependent cytokines: understanding in vivo functions by gene targeting","volume":"148","author":"Di Santo","year":"1995","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2004.00203.x","article-title":"Cytokines and immunodeficiency diseases: critical roles of the gamma(c)-dependent cytokines interleukins 2, 4, 7, 9, 15, and 21, and their signaling pathways","volume":"202","author":"Kovanen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(04)86006-1","article-title":"Interleukin-2, interleukin-15, and their roles in human natural killer cells","volume":"86","author":"Becknell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Adv Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.60.4.441","article-title":"Signaling by IL-2 and related cytokines: JAKs, STATs, and relationship to immunodeficiency","volume":"60","author":"Johnston","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1097\/CJI.0b013e3181bb46f7","article-title":"IL-2-driven regulation of NK cell receptors with regard to the distribution of CD16 + and","volume":"33","author":"Huenecke","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunother"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-02-004747","article-title":"IL-2 regulates FOXP3 expression in human CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells through a STAT-dependent mechanism and induces the expansion of these cells in vivo","volume":"108","author":"Zorn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1263","article-title":"A function for interleukin 2 in Foxp3-expressing regulatory T cells","volume":"6","author":"Fontenot","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S161","DOI":"10.1186\/ar584","article-title":"The contrasting roles of IL-2 and IL-15 in the life and death of lymphocytes: implications for the immunotherapy of rheumatological diseases","volume":"4","author":"Waldmann","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthritis Res"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014416616687","article-title":"The IL-2\/IL-15 receptor systems: targets for immunotherapy","volume":"22","author":"Waldmann","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1126\/science.288.5466.675","article-title":"Control of homeostasis of CD8 + memory T cells by opposing cytokines","volume":"288","author":"Ku","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2008.11.002","article-title":"Long-term culture of primary human lymphoblastic leukemia cells in the absence of serum or hematopoietic growth factors","volume":"37","author":"Nijmeijer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0198-8859(02)00802-9","article-title":"Assessment of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor expression and corresponding HLA class I phenotypes demonstrates heterogenous KIR expression independent of anticipated HLA class I ligands","volume":"64","author":"Becker","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4878","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-12-4825","article-title":"Improved outcome in HLA-identical sibling hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for acute myelogenous leukemia predicted by KIR and HLA genotypes","volume":"105","author":"Hsu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435745","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/435745","article-title":"Cytokine-induced NK-like T cells: from bench to bedside","volume":"2010","author":"Linn","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Biomed Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234540","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/234540","article-title":"Exploration of the lysis mechanisms of leukaemic blasts by chimaeric T-cells","volume":"2010","author":"Laurin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Biomed Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-8-129","article-title":"Thymoglobulin, interferon-gamma and interleukin-2 efficiently expand cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells in clinical-grade cultures","volume":"8","author":"Bonanno","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0165","first-page":"355","article-title":"Effect of dendritic cells co-cultured with cytokine induced killer cells on cytotoxicity against drug resistant K562 cells","volume":"26","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1711.2005.01328.x","article-title":"Transfection of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells with CpG oligonucleotides","volume":"83","author":"Erhardt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Immunol Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2005.01.008","article-title":"Combinational IL-2\/IL-15 induction does not further enhance IL-15-induced lymphokine- activated killer cell cytotoxicity against human leukemia\/lymphoma cells","volume":"115","author":"Ozdemir","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.02.011","article-title":"Different roles of IL-15 from IL-2 in differentiation and activation of human CD3 + CD56 + NKT-like cells from cord blood in long term culture","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0185","first-page":"3493","article-title":"Optimized protocols for generation of cord blood-derived cytokine-induced killer\/natural killer cells","volume":"30","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6738","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.10.6738","article-title":"The common gamma-chain cytokines IL-2, IL-7, IL-15, and IL-21 induce the expression of programmed death-1 and its ligands","volume":"181","author":"Kinter","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2067","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V97.7.2067","article-title":"TRAIL expression by activated human CD4(+)V alpha 24NKT cells induces in vitro and in vivo apoptosis of human acute myeloid leukemia cells","volume":"97","author":"Nieda","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2010.76","article-title":"Cytotoxic effect of trans-cinnamaldehyde on human leukemia K562 cells","volume":"31","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol Sin"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2009.01.010","article-title":"Cytokine-induced killer cells are terminally differentiated activated CD8 cytotoxic T-EMRA lymphocytes","volume":"37","author":"Franceschetti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0210","first-page":"342","article-title":"CD4 + T cells in CIKs (CD4 + CIKs) reversed resistance to fas-mediated apoptosis through CD40\/CD40L ligation rather than IFN-gamma stimulation","volume":"23","author":"Yu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Biother Radiopharm"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3318","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V92.9.3318","article-title":"Expansion of Philadelphia chromosome-negative CD3(+)CD56(+) cytotoxic cells from chronic myeloid leukemia patients: in vitro and in vivo efficacy in severe combined immunodeficiency disease mice","volume":"92","author":"Hoyle","year":"1998","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-05-1687","article-title":"Donor-derived IL-15 is critical for acute allogeneic graft-versus-host disease","volume":"105","author":"Blaser","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trim.2006.04.002","article-title":"Effect of interleukin-15 on alloreactivity in umbilical cord blood","volume":"16","author":"Lin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Transpl Immunol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2126","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI4992","article-title":"Donor-derived interferon gamma is required for inhibition of acute graft-versus-host disease by interleukin 12","volume":"102","author":"Yang","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2923","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V97.10.2923","article-title":"Expansion of cytolytic CD8(+) natural killer T cells with limited capacity for graft-versus-host disease induction due to interferon gamma production","volume":"97","author":"Baker","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1532\/LH96.09010","article-title":"Identification and selective depletion of alloreactive T-cells for adoptive immunotherapy","volume":"16","author":"Rettinger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lab Hematol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-010-0887-7","article-title":"Clinical trials on CIK cells: first report of the international registry on CIK cells (IRCC)","volume":"137","author":"Hontscha","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.11132","article-title":"Repeated infusions of donor-derived cytokine-induced killer cells in patients relapsing after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a phase I study","volume":"92","author":"Introna","year":"2007","journal-title":"Haematologica"}],"container-title":["Cytotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1465324912706187?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1465324912706187?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T22:15:30Z","timestamp":1761430530000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1465324912706187"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1465324912706187"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-3249"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-3249","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The cytotoxic potential of interleukin-15-stimulated cytokine-induced killer cells against leukemia cells","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cytotherapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/14653249.2011.613931","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 International Society for Cellular Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}