{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:59:22Z","timestamp":1787025562708,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,1]],"date-time":"2007-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1170288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foot Ankle Int."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Gymnastics is a competitive and popular sport that is started at an early age, and elite female gymnasts reach their prime in mid-teenage years. The level of intensity of practice and competition, the number of events, and the degree of difficulty of the maneuvers make gymnastics one of the most injury-producing sports. Methods: Over a 3-year period, 14 elite, female gymnasts were seen in one foot and ankle center. The mean age was 17 (range 14 to 21) years. All gymnasts sustained acute or sub-acute injuries to the foot or ankle requiring surgery. The mechanism of injury, the type of injury, operative repair, and followup were recorded. Results: There were five Lisfranc fracture-dislocations, and five talocalcaneal, two multiple metatarsal, one medial malleolar, one phalangeal, and one sesamoid fracture. All injuries had operative repair. One gymnast with a Lisfranc injury was able to return to full competition; all others with a Lisfranc injury retired from gymnastics, were lost to followup, or graduated from college. One gymnast with a talar osteochondral injury was not able to return to competition but all other injured gymnasts were able to return to gymnastics at the same level or higher. Conclusion: Elite female gymnasts can sustain significant injury to the foot and ankle region. In our study, Lisfranc injuries were most likely career-ending.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3113\/fai.2007.0214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,12]],"date-time":"2007-02-12T22:00:14Z","timestamp":1171317614000},"page":"214-218","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Foot and Ankle Injuries in Elite Female Gymnasts"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Margaret","family":"Chilvers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontiac, MI"},{"name":"Michigan International Foot and Ankle Center, Pontiac, MI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Donahue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontiac, MI"},{"name":"Neurosurgery, Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Las Vegas, NV"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larry","family":"Nassar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontiac, MI"},{"name":"Michigan State University, E. Lansing, MI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur Manoli","family":"II","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontiac, MI"},{"name":"Michigan International Foot and Ankle Center, Pontiac, MI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10.3113_FAI.2007.0214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2004.011627"},{"key":"bibr2-10.3113_FAI.2007.0214","unstructured":"2. Bruggemann GP: Mechanical Load in Artistic Gymnastics and its Relation to Apparatus and Performance, Symposium Medico-Technique, Switzerland, International Gymnastics Federation, 17\u201327, 1999."},{"key":"bibr3-10.3113_FAI.2007.0214","volume-title":"Gymnastics: Epidemiology of sports injuries","author":"Caine D","year":"1996"},{"key":"bibr4-10.3113_FAI.2007.0214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079501600510"},{"key":"bibr5-10.3113_FAI.2007.0214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(05)80003-X"},{"key":"bibr6-10.3113_FAI.2007.0214","unstructured":"6. National Collegiate Athletic Association: Injury Surveillance System. www.ncaa.org, 2001\u20132004."},{"key":"bibr7-10.3113_FAI.2007.0214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000067496"}],"container-title":["Foot &amp; Ankle International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3113\/FAI.2007.0214","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.3113\/FAI.2007.0214","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3113\/FAI.2007.0214","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T10:56:35Z","timestamp":1741604195000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3113\/FAI.2007.0214"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3113\/FAI.2007.0214"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3113\/fai.2007.0214","relation":{},"ISSN":["1071-1007","1944-7876"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1071-1007","type":"print"},{"value":"1944-7876","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]}}}