{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T14:21:05Z","timestamp":1790086865222,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]],"date-time":"2008-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1222819200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foot Ankle Int."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Realignment-surgery to unload ankle osteoarthritis (OA) has been proposed as treatment alternative for varus and valgus ankle OA. Sports activity after this procedure has not been analyzed. Realignment-surgery increases sports activity. Sports activity correlates with ankle pain, function, and alignment, but does not influence revision rate. Materials and Methods: Prospective case series of 35 consecutive patients with post-traumatic varus or valgus ankle OA limited to half tibiotalar joint surface were treated by OA unloading realignment-surgery. Distal tibia osteotomy was used in all cases; additional osteotomies, tendon, ligament procedures in 92% of cases. Main Outcome Measurements: Pain (visual-analogue-scale; VAS), ankle range-of-motion (ROM); function (American-Orthopaedic-Foot-and-Ankle-Society (AOFAS) ankle-score; Swiss-symptom-related-Ankle-Activity-Scale (SAAS); Sports-Frequency-Score (SFS), OA and tibiotalar-alignment-grade (Takakura-Score), and revision surgery. Mean followup was 5 years. Results: Mean values from preoperative to followup: VAS decreased ( p = 0.0001) 4 points; ankle ROM increased ( p = 0.001) 5 degrees; AOFAS-Score increased ( p = 0.0001) 46 points; SAAS increased ( p = 0.0001) 42 points; SFS increased ( p = 0.02) 0.5 grades; Takakura-score decreased ( p = 0.0001) 1.0 grades. Revision surgery was performed in 10 cases (29%). Three of these were revised to ankle arthroplasty. At follow-up, SAAS correlated with VAS, AOFAS score, Takakura score, and not with ROM or SFS. SFS did not correlate with other variables. Patients needing revision surgery had a higher ( p = 0.003) SFS than patients who needed no revision. Conclusion: Realignment-surgery increased sports activity of ankle OA patients. Improved ankle pain and function correlated with ability to perform activity without symptoms; however, sports frequency had no correlation to patients' symptoms but showed higher revision rate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Level of Evidence: II, Prospective Comparative Study<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3113\/fai.2008.0985","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,13]],"date-time":"2008-10-13T12:33:47Z","timestamp":1223901227000},"page":"985-993","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Sports and Recreation Activity of Varus and Valgus Ankle Osteoarthritis before and after Realignment Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Geert","family":"Pagenstert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liestal, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Leumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liestal, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beat","family":"Hintermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liestal, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Valderrabano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liestal, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678108991768"},{"key":"bibr2-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(96)90196-6"},{"key":"bibr3-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079401501204"},{"key":"bibr4-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659702500624"},{"key":"bibr5-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070402500802"},{"key":"bibr6-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004020000243"},{"key":"bibr7-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200102000-00009"},{"key":"bibr8-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200110000-00011"},{"key":"bibr9-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200110000-00006"},{"key":"bibr10-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03540250033028"},{"key":"bibr11-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-133-8-200010170-00016"},{"key":"bibr12-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.85B7.13984"},{"key":"bibr13-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2006.08.001"},{"issue":"268","key":"bibr14-FAI.2008.0985","first-page":"37","author":"Kitaoka HB","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"bibr15-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079401500701"},{"key":"bibr16-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0958-2592(94)90003-5"},{"key":"bibr17-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198062050-00012"},{"issue":"246","key":"bibr18-FAI.2008.0985","first-page":"238","author":"Noyes FR","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"bibr19-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.btf.0000152574.09654.80"},{"key":"bibr20-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BLO.0b013e318124a462"},{"issue":"293","key":"bibr21-FAI.2008.0985","first-page":"97","author":"Paley D","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"bibr22-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh399"},{"key":"bibr23-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200406000-00008"},{"key":"bibr24-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070302401004"},{"issue":"170","key":"bibr25-FAI.2008.0985","first-page":"184","author":"Stauffer RN","year":"1982","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"bibr26-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199802000-00008"},{"key":"bibr27-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.77B1.7822395"},{"key":"bibr28-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199904000-00023"},{"issue":"198","key":"bibr29-FAI.2008.0985","first-page":"43","author":"Tegner Y","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"bibr30-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2007.0281"},{"key":"bibr31-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505284189"},{"key":"bibr32-FAI.2008.0985","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.85B3.13849"},{"key":"bibr33-FAI.2008.0985","first-page":"22","volume":"57","author":"Wyss C","year":"1991","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Belg"}],"container-title":["Foot &amp; 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