{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T04:19:54Z","timestamp":1783657194388,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]],"date-time":"2011-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1304208000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foot Ankle Int."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Missed or chronic Achilles tendon ruptures may have muscle atrophy and tendon retraction resulting in a defect that must be augmented with endogenous or exogenous materials. The Artelon\u00ae Tissue Reinforcement (ATR) scaffold is a readily available synthetic degradable poly(urethane urea) material used to augment tendon repair. The objective of this study was to compare human cadaveric Achilles tendon repairs with and without ATR. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Eighteen fresh frozen human cadaver limbs were dissected and the tendon transected 2 cm proximal to the calcaneal insertion. The control group of nine specimens was repaired with sutures, while the experimental group was repaired with sutures and reinforced with a tubularized patch of ATR. Specimens were tested for ultimate load to failure in an Instron machine after preloading to 10 N followed by cyclic loading for 20 cycles from 2 to 30 N. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p> The ultimate load to failure in the control group was a mean of 248.1 N \u00b1 19.6 (202 to 293 at 95% CI) versus 370.4 N \u00b1 25.2 (312 to 428 at 95% CI) in the ATR group. The ultimate load to failure was 370.4 \u00b1 25.2 N (312 to 428 at 95% CI) and 248.1 \u00b1 19.6 N (202 to 293 at 95% CI) in the experimental and control groups, respectively (p = 0.0015). Creep of the ATR augmented group was 2.0 \u00b1 0.5 mm, compared to 3.1 \u00b1 1.1 mm for the control group (p = 0.026). <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p> ATR provided a statistically significant improvement in load to failure when compared to control specimens in a cadaver model. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical Relevance:<\/jats:title><jats:p> This finding may allow for development of more aggressive rehabilitation techniques following chronic Achilles tendon repairs. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3113\/fai.2011.0545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,18]],"date-time":"2011-07-18T18:52:53Z","timestamp":1311015173000},"page":"545-549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Augmented Tendon Achilles Repair Using a Tissue Reinforcement Scaffold: A Biomechanical Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Eric","family":"Giza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sacramento, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Frizzell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sacramento, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randall","family":"Farac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sacramento, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sacramento, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunny","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sacramento, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-FAI.2011.0545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2008.0329"},{"key":"bibr2-FAI.2011.0545","first-page":"406","volume":"42","author":"Barfred T","year":"1971","journal-title":"Comparison of experimental ruptures in rats of different ages and living under different conditions. 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