{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T18:00:45Z","timestamp":1774980045760,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Nepal Journals Online (JOL)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nep J Oph"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Presbyopia is an important cause of avoidable visual disability. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of near vision impairment and spectacle coverage among middle and older-aged adults in rural Nepal. Materials and methods: The surveys was carried out among the people of age 35 and over in randomly-selected cluster samples in rural settings of Kaski district of western Nepal, Near visual acuity, with and without presenting near correction, was measured at 40 cm using a LogMAR near vision tumbling E chart under ambient indoor lighting. Subjects with uncorrected binocular distance vision of 20\/40 or worse were refracted and those with near vision of 20\/40 or worse tested with plus sphere to obtain the best-corrected binocular near visual acuity. Results: A total of 2,360 persons aged 35 years and over were enumerated and 2,156 (91.3 %) were examined. The age- and gender-standardized prevalence of uncorrected near visual impairment (vision of 20\/40 or worse) in study population was found to be 66.1 %. Near vision could not be corrected (&gt;20\/40) even after distance and near vision correction in 6.4 % . Using the multiple logistic regression models, uncorrected visual impairment was associated with an older age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.13, P &lt; 0.001) and a lower educational level (OR = 1.11, P = 0.01) was less associated with female gender (OR = 0.72, P = 0.038). Over 90 % of people with near visual impairment did not have spectacles. Conclusion: The prevalence of presbyopia appears to be higher with an earlier onset and over 90 % of people in need of near correction do not have spectacles in this setting. DOI: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.3126\/nepjoph.v4i1.5845 NEPJOPH 2012; 4(1): 17-22<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3126\/nepjoph.v4i1.5845","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,12]],"date-time":"2012-02-12T08:43:10Z","timestamp":1329036190000},"page":"17-22","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Prevalence and correction of near vision impairment at Kaski, Nepal"],"prefix":"10.3126","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"YD","family":"Sapkota","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Dulal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"GP","family":"Pokharel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Pant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"LB","family":"Ellwein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1670","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1970,1,1]]},"container-title":["Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nepjol.info\/index.php\/NEPJOPH\/article\/download\/5845\/4805","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nepjol.info\/index.php\/NEPJOPH\/article\/download\/5845\/4805","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,28]],"date-time":"2018-12-28T12:02:52Z","timestamp":1545998572000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nepjol.info\/index.php\/NEPJOPH\/article\/view\/5845"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1970,1,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3126\/nepjoph.v4i1.5845","relation":{},"ISSN":["2091-0320","2072-6805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2091-0320","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2072-6805","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1970,1,1]]}}}