{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T16:40:08Z","timestamp":1752252008317,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Czech Society of Ophthalmology of the CzMA","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CSO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Aim: The aim of the article is to summarize observations on cytomegalovirus (CMV) anterior uveitis, and in short case reports present cases of patients treated at our Department of Ophthalmology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague.\n\nMaterial and methods: Retrospective analysis of patients at the Centre for diagnosis and treatment of uveitis from 2003 to 2024. Presentation of our experiences with CMV anterior uveitis confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in aqueous humor in case reports.\n\nResults: From a cohort of 3844 patients with uveitis, 3 patients were diagnosed with CMV anterior uveitis, confirmed by PCR in the aqueous humor. The clinical presentation was as acute recurrent hypertensive anterior uveitis in all patients, with a switch to chronic form with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Despite local anti-inflammatory and antiglaucomatous therapy, there was high recurrence of uveitis with decompensation of IOP when the medication was reduced. Patients underwent antiglaucoma surgery because of persistent high IOP despite maximal local antiglaucomatous therapy. An anterior chamber tap was taken for PCR analysis, with a CMV-positive result. After the initiation of antiviral therapy with local ganciclovir, patients manifested compensated IOP and a pronounced reduction of recurrences of uveitis and progression of glaucoma.\n\nConclusions: CMV anterior uveitis is a rare pathology in our geographic region, but it is important to consider this etiology in cases of recurrent anterior hypertensive uveitis with a low response to local anti-inflammatory medication. Timely verification of the etiological agent with prompt diagnosis and treatment is essential in order to achieve a favorable prognosis. Long-term, low maintenance doses of antiviral therapy with local ganciclovir for several months reduce relapses of uveitis and lead to compensation of IOP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.31348\/2024\/40","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T08:51:35Z","timestamp":1737449495000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cytomegalovirus Anterior Uveitis"],"prefix":"10.31348","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Veronika","family":"Kotingov\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Fichtl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michaela","family":"Brichov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Svoz\u00edlkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aneta","family":"Kl\u00edmov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucie","family":"Rezkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"\u0160krlov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jarmila","family":"Heissigerov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"16213","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Daruich A, Bremond-Gignac D, Behar-Cohen F, Kermorvant E. R\u00e9tinopathie du pr\u00e9matur\u00e9: de la pr\u00e9-vention au traitement [Retinopathy of prematurity: from prevention to treatment]. Med Sci (Paris). 2020 Oct;36(10):900-907. French. doi: 10.1051\/medsci\/2020163","DOI":"10.1051\/medsci\/2020163"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"de las Rivas Ram\u00edrez N, Luque Aranda G, Rius D\u00edaz F, et al. Risk factors associated with Retinopathy of Prematurity development and progression. Sci Rep. 2020;12:21977.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-26229-4"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hong EH, Shin YU, Cho H. Retinopathy of prematurity: a review of epidemiology and current tre-atment strategies. Clin Exp Pediatr. 2022 Mar;65(3):115-126. doi: 10.3345\/cep.2021.00773","DOI":"10.3345\/cep.2021.00773"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chiang MF, Quinn GE, Fielder AR, et al. International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity, Thi-rd Edition. Ophthalmology. 2021 Oct;128(10):e51-e68. doi: 10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.05.031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.10.021"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wilkinson AR, Adams GGW, Fleck BW, Nieto-Hernandez R; Guideline Development Groups (GDG) of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH) and the Royal College of Ophthalmo-logists (RCOphth). UK screening and treatment of retinopathy of prematurity Updated 2022 Gui-delines. Ear-ly Hum Dev. 2023 Mar;177-178:105715. doi: 10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2023.105715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2023.105715"},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"Kanski\u2019s Clinical Ophtalmology 2020; p.538."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Good WV; Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Cooperative Group. Final results of the Ear-ly Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity (ETROP) randomized trial. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 2004;102:233-248; discussion 248-520.","DOI":"10.1093\/med\/9780190050726.003.0027"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zobanov\u00e1 A, Brychc\u00ednov\u00e1 P, Autrata R, \u0160enkov\u00e1 K. Screening, Treatment and Long-term Observa-tion of Retinopathy of Prematurely Born Children in the Czech Republic. Cesk Slov Oftalmol. 2018;74(6):253-264.","DOI":"10.31348\/2018\/6\/7"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Strube YNJ, Wright KW. Pathophysiology of retinopathy of prematurity. Saudi J Ophthalmol. 2022 Oct 14;36(3):239-242. doi: 10.4103\/sjopt.sjopt_18_22","DOI":"10.4103\/sjopt.sjopt_18_22"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wood EH, Chang EY, Beck K, et al. 80 Years of vision: preventing blindness from retinopathy of prema-turity. J Perinatol. 2021 Jun;41(6):1216-1224. doi: 10.1038\/s41372-021-01015-8","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-021-01015-8"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yucel OE, Eraydin B, Niyaz L, Terzi O. Incidence and risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity in pre-mature, extremely low birth weight and extremely low gestational age infants. BMC Ophthal-mol. 2022 Sep 13;22(1):367. doi: 10.1186\/s12886-022-02591-9","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-022-02591-9"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dogra MR, Vinekar A. Role of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (Anti-VEGF) in the Tre-atment of Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Narrative Review in the Context of Middle-Income Coun-tries. Pedi-atric Health Med Ther. 2023 Feb 15;14:59-69. doi: 10.2147\/PHMT.S391591","DOI":"10.2147\/phmt.s391591"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Enr\u00edquez AB, Avery RL, Baumal CR. Update on Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Safety for Reti-nopathy of Prematurity. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila). 2020 Jul-Aug;9(4):358-368. doi: 10.1097\/APO.0000000000000302","DOI":"10.1097\/apo.0000000000000302"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sabri K, Ells AL, Lee EY, Dutta S, Vinekar A. Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Global Perspective and Re-cent Developments. Pediatrics. 2022 Sep 1;150(3):e2021053924. doi: 10.1542\/peds.2021-053924. PMID: 35948728","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2021-053924"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Autrata R, Krejc\u00edrov\u00e1 I, Senkov\u00e1 K, et al. Intravitreal pegaptanib combined with diode laser therapy for stage 3+ retinopathy of prematurity in zone I and posterior zone II. E J Ophthalmol. 2012 Sep-Oct;22(5):687-694. doi: 10.5301\/ejo.5000166","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5000166"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fierson WM; American academy of pediatrics section on ophthalmology; american academy of ophthalmology; american association for pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus; american asso-ciation of certified orthoptists. Screening Examination of Premature Infants for Retinopathy of Prema-turity. Pediatrics. 2018 Dec;142(6): e20183061. doi: 10.1542\/peds.2018-3061. Erratum in: Pe-diatrics. 2019 Mar;143(3)","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-3810"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hartnett ME. Retinopathy of Prematurity: Evolving Treatment With Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor. Am J Ophthalmol. 2020 Oct; 218:208-213. doi: 10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.05.025, Erratum in: Am J Ophthalmol. 2021 Nov; 231:213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.12.018"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang Z, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Di Y. Effect of ranibizumab on retinopathy of prematurity: A meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol. 2022 Aug 22; 13:897869. doi: 10.3389\/fphar.2022.897869","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.897869"}],"container-title":["Czech and Slovak Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T16:17:45Z","timestamp":1752250665000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cs-ophthalmology.cz\/en\/journal\/articles\/342"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31348\/2024\/40","relation":{},"ISSN":["1805-4447","1211-9059"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1805-4447"},{"type":"print","value":"1211-9059"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]]}}}