{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T09:11:52Z","timestamp":1778663512174,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Czech Society of Ophthalmology of the CzMA","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cesk Slov Oftalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Aims: To evaluate the association between aqueous humor tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-\u03b1) and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) layer in patients with juvenile open-angle glaucoma (JOAG) and their comparison with adult-onset primary open-angle glaucoma patients (POAG).\n\nMaterial and Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study included 15 JOAG patients (aged 7\u201340 years) and 15 POAG patients (&gt; 40 years). Aqueous Humor (AH) samples were collected during trabeculectomy, TNF-\u03b1 concentrations were measured using ELISA, and RGC thickness was assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography (Cirrus HD-OCT, Carl Zeiss). Group differences were analyzed using the independent t-test, and correlations were evaluated with Pearson\u2019s test.\n\nResults: The mean AH TNF-\u03b1 level in the JOAG group (179.02 \u00b127.04 pg\/mL) was significantly higher than in the POAG group (130.17 \u00b118.62 pg\/mL; p &lt; 0.001). Mean RGC thickness in JOAG (42.87 \u00b18.29 \u00b5m) was significantly lower than in POAG (58.13 \u00b114.86 \u00b5m; p = 0.004). There was a strong negative correlation between TNF-\u03b1 levels and RGC thickness in both JOAG (r = -0.726; p = 0.02) and POAG (r = -0.807; p &lt; 0.001).\n\nConclusion: Higher intraocular TNF-\u03b1 levels and reduced RGC thickness in JOAG suggest a prominent neuroinflammatory contribution to early-onset glaucoma. Targeting TNF-\u03b1-mediated pathways may offer potential neuroprotective benefits in younger glaucoma patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.31348\/2026\/19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T13:01:01Z","timestamp":1778504461000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of Aqueous Humor Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha with Retinal Ganglion Cell Thickness in Juvenile versus Adult-Onset Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma"],"prefix":"10.31348","author":[{"given":"Fitratul","family":"Ilahi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fitrah","family":"Fitrah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kalaj N","family":"Haq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Alfatih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rivaldo S.","family":"Heriyanto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"16213","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"container-title":["Czech and Slovak Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T08:32:46Z","timestamp":1778661166000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/cs-ophthalmology.cz\/en\/journal\/articles\/469"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31348\/2026\/19","relation":{},"ISSN":["1211-9059","1805-4447"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1211-9059","type":"print"},{"value":"1805-4447","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]}}}