{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T08:29:38Z","timestamp":1773736178056,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"University of Toronto Press Inc. (UTPress)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cartographica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Mayson\u2019s Ordnance model of the Lake District, commissioned by Henry and Thomas Mayson from the sculptor Raffaelle Monti in 1875, was based upon early maps from Ordnance Survey, the government mapping agency for Great Britain. It was displayed in the town of Keswick, now in Cumbria, England, until around 1980, when it is believed to have been destroyed. A large number of original negative moulds from the model were recovered, together with other historical objects, allowing the unique characteristics of the model to be explored for the first time. The study reveals the model to have been innovative for its time, being a very early example of a relief model constructed from contours. The scientific authority of the model, along with its cartographic detail and size, was used to promote it as a spectacle for early tourists. The article describes a process of digital capture, processing, and 3D fabrication that allowed parts of the model to be analysed and redisplayed. An exhibition explored public engagement with physical landscape models, included a novel visitor-led identification of the remaining moulds. Examples of modern landscape modelling and visualization techniques helped to explore the role physical models could play in the modern visitor experience. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3138\/cart.54.4.2018-0003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,5]],"date-time":"2019-12-05T13:52:31Z","timestamp":1575553951000},"page":"261-277","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Rediscovering the Power of Physical Relief Models: Mayson\u2019s Ordnance Model of the Lake District"],"prefix":"10.3138","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Gary","family":"Priestnall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography \/ The University of Nottingham \/ University Park \/ Nottingham \/ Nottinghamshire \/ UK"}]}],"member":"1696","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1179\/1945233014Y.0000000023","volume":"53","author":"Balleri R.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of the American Institute for Conservation"},{"key":"r2","volume-title":"Proceedings of 3D Stereo MEDIA 2009, International 3D Stereo Film and Technology Festival (3D Stereo MEDIA)","author":"Billen R.","year":"2009"},{"key":"r3","volume-title":"Keswick: The Story of a Lake District Town","author":"Bott G.","year":"1994"},{"key":"r4","volume-title":"Bradshaw\u2019s Descriptive Hand-Book of Great Britain and Ireland","author":"Bradshaw G.","year":"1863"},{"key":"r5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-12272-9","volume-title":"True-3D in Cartography: Autostereoscopic and Solid Visualisation of Geodata","author":"Buchroithner M.","year":"2012"},{"issue":"1","key":"r6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1179\/1743277411Y.0000000003","volume":"48","author":"Buchroithner M.F.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cartographic Journal"},{"key":"r7","unstructured":"Chevrier, C., K. Jacquot, and J.P. Perrin. 2010. \u201c3D Modelling of a Town Scale Model.\u201d In Proceedings of the Third International Conference EuroMed 2010 Dedicated to Digital Heritage, Lemessos, Cyprus, 8\u201313 November, ed. M. Ioannides, D. Fellner,  A. Georgopoulos, and D.G. Hadjimitsis, 99\u2013107. Berlin: Springer."},{"issue":"1","key":"r8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1179\/000870403235002033","volume":"40","author":"Collier P.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cartographic Journal"},{"issue":"863","key":"r9","first-page":"45","volume":"34","author":"Curtis C.","year":"1911","journal-title":"Science, New Series"},{"key":"r10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/9781503618992","volume-title":"Models: The Third Dimension of Science","author":"de Chadarevian S","year":"2004"},{"issue":"1","key":"r11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1179\/0008704112Z.00000000012","volume":"49","author":"Demaj D","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cartographic Journal"},{"key":"r12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhg.2013.10.025","volume":"42","author":"Ferretti F.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Historical Geography"},{"key":"r13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1002\/esp.3366","volume":"38","author":"Fonstad M.A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms"},{"issue":"3","key":"r14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1080\/00087041.2016.1149263","volume":"53","author":"Granado-Castro G","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cartographic Journal"},{"key":"r15","first-page":"119","volume-title":"Proceedings of SPIE 5665, Videometrics VIII","author":"Guidi G.","year":"2005"},{"key":"r16","first-page":"281","volume-title":"True-3D in Cartography: Autostereoscopic and Solid Visualisation of Geodata","author":"Hahmann T.","year":"2012"},{"key":"r17","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Usage, Usability, and Utility of 3D City Models","author":"Hervy B.","year":"2012"},{"key":"r18","first-page":"26","volume":"38","author":"Hodson Y.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Sheetlines"},{"key":"r19","volume-title":"Wellington\u2019s Smallest Victory","author":"Hofschroer P.","year":"2004"},{"key":"r20","unstructured":"Imhof, E. Club Alpin Suisse, Mus\u00e9e alpin suisse, and Mus\u00e9e du Jardin des Glaciers de Lucerne. 1981. Sculpteurs de montagnes. Les reliefs de montagnes en Suisse. Berne: \u00c9ditions du Club Alpin Suisse."},{"key":"r21","volume-title":"Practical Guide to the English Lake District","author":"Jenkinson H. I.","year":"1864"},{"key":"r22","volume-title":"Victorian Lakeland Photographers","author":"Kelly S.","year":"1991"},{"key":"r23","volume-title":"Popular Exhibitions, Science and Showmanship, 1840\u20131910","author":"Kember J.","year":"2012"},{"key":"r24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ma, N., F. Laroche, B. Hervy, J.L. Kerouanton, A. Addison, L. De Luca, G. Guidi, and S. Pescarin. 2013. \u201cVirtual Conservation and Interaction with our Cultural Heritage: Framework for Multi-dimension Model Based Interface.\u201d In Proceedings of the IEEE Digital Heritage International Congress, ed. A. Addison, L. De Luca, G. Guidi, S. Pescarin, 323\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/DigitalHeritage.2013.6743756.","DOI":"10.1109\/DigitalHeritage.2013.6743756"},{"key":"r25","first-page":"415","volume-title":"True-3D in Cartography: Autostereoscopic and Solid Visualisation of Geodata","author":"Mair T.","year":"2012"},{"key":"r26","volume-title":"The Lake Counties from 1830 to the Mid-twentieth Century","author":"Marshall J.D.","year":"1981"},{"key":"r27","volume-title":"Das Relief der Urschweiz von Franz Ludwig Pfyffer (1716-1802): 3DRekonstruktion, Analyse und Interpretation","author":"Nieder\u00f6st J.","year":"2005"},{"issue":"2","key":"r28","first-page":"17","volume":"10","author":"Payne E.M.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Conservation and Museum Studies"},{"key":"r29","first-page":"1263","volume-title":"The History of Cartography","volume":"6","author":"Pearson A.W.","year":"2015"},{"key":"r30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.3138\/carto.44.2.111","volume":"44","author":"Pearson A.W.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cartographica"},{"key":"r31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Priestnall, G., J. Gardiner, J. Durrant, and J. Goulding. 2012. \u201cProjection Augmented Relief Models (PARM): Tangible Displays for Geographic Information\u201d In Proceedings of Electronic Visualisation and the Arts (EVA 2012), ed. S. Dunn, J.P. Bowen, and K. Ng, 180\u201387. London: BCS.","DOI":"10.14236\/ewic\/EVA2012.28"},{"key":"r32","unstructured":"R\u00e4ber, S. 2006. \u201cHandmade Relief Models.\u201d In Proceedings of the 5th ICA Mountain Cartography Workshop Association of Surveyors of Slovenia and University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, ed. D. Petrovic, 222\u201327. Z\u00fcrich: International Cartographic Association, Commission on Mountain Cartography and Association of Surveyors of Slovenia, Section for Cartography."},{"key":"r33","first-page":"119","volume-title":"True-3D in Cartography: Autostereoscopic and Solid Visualisation of Geodata","author":"Rase W-D.","year":"2012"},{"issue":"2","key":"r34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.2307\/286168","volume":"6","author":"Rothrock G.A.","year":"1969","journal-title":"French Historical Studies"},{"key":"r35","first-page":"169","volume-title":"True-3D in Cartography: Autostereoscopic and Solid Visualisation of Geodata","author":"Schwarzbach F.","year":"2012"},{"key":"r36","volume-title":"Victorian Maps of the British Isles","author":"Smith D.","year":"1985"},{"key":"r37","volume-title":"Jonathan Otley, Man of Lakeland","author":"Smith T.F.","year":"2007"},{"issue":"1","key":"r38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/00033798900200101","volume":"46","author":"Touret L.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Annals of Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"r39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1179\/019713609804516992","volume":"48","author":"Wachowiak M.J.,","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of the American Institute for Conservation"},{"key":"r40","volume-title":"Le Mus\u00e9e des Plans-Reliefs","author":"Warmoes I.","year":"2012"},{"key":"r41","volume-title":"Guide to the Lakes","author":"Wordsworth W.","year":"1810"}],"container-title":["Cartographica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/utppublishing.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3138\/cart.54.4.2018-0003","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T12:15:13Z","timestamp":1741868113000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/utppublishing.com\/doi\/10.3138\/cart.54.4.2018-0003"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3138\/cart.54.4.2018-0003"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3138\/cart.54.4.2018-0003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0317-7173","1911-9925"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0317-7173","type":"print"},{"value":"1911-9925","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}}}