{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]],"date-time":"2024-07-26T18:34:25Z","timestamp":1722018865512},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"University of Toronto Press Inc. (UTPress)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Canadian Bulletin of Medical History"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> American eugenists in the early 20th century distinguished \u201cdegenerates,\u201d including syphilitics, prostitutes, alcoholics and criminals, from the \u201cnormal\u201d population by their particular bad habits. From eugenists\u2019 viewpoint, these bad habits were derived from bad character, a flaw that stemmed from an individual\u2019s bad genes. This essay explores how eugenists during this period characterized syphilitics and those with associated character \u201cdefects\u201d in terms of heredity. Additionally, it examines the methods eugenists most frequently advocated to rectify these bad habits. These methods included marriage restriction, immigration control and reproductive sterilization. Overall, eugenists directed their efforts not so much at the \u201cdegenerate\u201d as at his or her germ line. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3138\/cbmh.20.1.11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,13]],"date-time":"2016-12-13T16:15:08Z","timestamp":1481645708000},"page":"11-41","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Bad Habits and Bad Genes: Early 20th-Century Eugenic Attempts to Eliminate Syphilis and Associated \u201cDefects\u201d from the United States"],"prefix":"10.3138","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Philip K","family":"Wilson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Historian of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1696","container-title":["Canadian Bulletin of Medical History"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/utpjournals.press\/doi\/pdf\/10.3138\/cbmh.20.1.11","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]],"date-time":"2022-07-21T00:30:34Z","timestamp":1658363434000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/utpjournals.press\/doi\/10.3138\/cbmh.20.1.11"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,4]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3138\/cbmh.20.1.11"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3138\/cbmh.20.1.11","relation":{},"ISSN":["0823-2105","2371-0179"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0823-2105","type":"print"},{"value":"2371-0179","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,4]]}}}