{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T14:21:32Z","timestamp":1754144492688,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"University of Toronto Press Inc. (UTPress)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> LAY SUMMARY <\/jats:p><jats:p> Military sexual assault and subsequent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) had significant effects on the daily lives of 12 Canadian women Veterans. They struggled with being out in public, relationships, starting the day, self-care, and productivity. At the root of these difficulties were consequences of military sexual assault, such as depression and drug and alcohol misuse, and PTSD symptoms, such as hyper-vigilance and flashbacks. They felt that their experiences had been aggravated by the hierarchical environment of the military, and that their sense of duty had been exploited. They felt betrayed and diminished in their capacity to trust others, to maintain relationships, and to venture out into public places. This information can inform the development of resources to assist women Veterans of the CAF who experience difficulties in daily life after military sexual assault. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3138\/jmvfh-2024-0032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T16:22:03Z","timestamp":1748881323000},"page":"128-138","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Experiences of military sexual assault, PTSD, and participation in life activities among Canadian women Veterans"],"prefix":"10.3138","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Daphne","family":"Doak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary Ann","family":"McColl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Services and Policy Research Institute, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alice B.","family":"Aiken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Innovation, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1696","reference":[{"key":"r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2581","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-019-01507-x","volume":"48","author":"Hajizadeh M","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"volume-title":"Sexual misconduct in the Canadian Armed Forces, 2022","year":"2023","author":"Cotter A","key":"r2"},{"volume-title":"Sexual misconduct in the Canadian Armed Forces, 2018","year":"2019","author":"Cotter A.","key":"r3"},{"volume-title":"External review into sexual misconduct and sexual harassment in the National Defence and the Canadian Armed Forces","year":"2015","author":"Deschamps M.","key":"r4"},{"key":"r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3138\/jmvfh.2017-0026"},{"volume-title":"An external comprehensive review of the Department of National Defence and the Canadian Armed Forces","year":"2022","author":"Arbour L.","key":"r6"},{"issue":"17","key":"r7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9777","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260519860084","volume":"36","author":"Du Mont J","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"2","key":"r8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380211032213","volume":"24","author":"Dworkin ER","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trauma Violence Abuse"},{"issue":"3","key":"r9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-5949.2008.00049.x","volume":"14","author":"Van Ameringen M","year":"2008","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Therap"},{"key":"r10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013","edition":"5"},{"issue":"3","key":"r11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1037\/trm0000098","volume":"23","author":"Schuyler AC","year":"2017","journal-title":"Traumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"r12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1037\/ser0000426","volume":"18","author":"Newins AR","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psycholog Serv"},{"key":"r13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1007\/s10896-015-9793-8","volume":"31","author":"Sigurvinsdottir R","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Fam Violence"},{"volume-title":"Victimization of Aboriginal people in Canada [Internet","year":"2014","author":"Boyce J.","key":"r14"},{"issue":"1","key":"r15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838017692364","volume":"20","author":"Walker HE","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trauma Violence Abuse"},{"issue":"5","key":"r16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838018813198","volume":"21","author":"Dworkin ER","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trauma Violence Abuse"},{"issue":"6","key":"r17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.01.027","volume":"38","author":"Ullman SE","year":"2013","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"issue":"5","key":"r18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2016.07.001","volume":"26","author":"Gilmore AK","year":"2016","journal-title":"Women Health Issues"},{"key":"r19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2017.12.026","volume":"80","author":"Yalch MM","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"r20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2015.17.2\/jflory","volume":"17","author":"Flory JD","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"12","key":"r21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17124585","volume":"17","author":"Sienkiewicz ME","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environment Res Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"r22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1111\/famp.12449","volume":"59","author":"Blais RK","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fam Process"},{"issue":"3","key":"r23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1002\/da.23218","volume":"39","author":"Creech SK","year":"2022","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"issue":"2","key":"r24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1080\/15332985.2013.870102","volume":"13","author":"Burkhart L","year":"2015","journal-title":"Soc Work Ment Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"r25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2007.05.0071","volume":"44","author":"Resnik LJ","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev"},{"issue":"6","key":"r26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.2010.61.6.589","volume":"61","author":"Sayer NA","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv"},{"issue":"3","key":"r27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1080\/0164212X.2020.1772167","volume":"36","author":"Hodge L","year":"2020","journal-title":"Occup Therapy Ment Health"},{"issue":"16","key":"r28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2793","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260514554291","volume":"30","author":"Loya R.","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"6","key":"r29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2018.1440574","volume":"66","author":"Potter S","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am College Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"r30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838019870912","volume":"22","author":"Pulverman CS","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trauma Violence Abuse"},{"issue":"4","key":"r31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1111\/jsm.12823","volume":"12","author":"Tran JK","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"r32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1080\/21635781.2017.1333062","volume":"5","author":"Creech SK","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mil Behav Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"r33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1037\/ser0000101","volume":"13","author":"Sherman MD","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychol Serv"},{"issue":"4","key":"r34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1177\/0361684318791154","volume":"42","author":"Brownstone LM","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychology Women Q"},{"volume-title":"Workshop on disability in America: a new look","year":"2006","author":"Whiteneck G.","key":"r35"},{"volume-title":"Designing and conducting mixed methods research","year":"2018","author":"Creswell JW","key":"r36"},{"issue":"2","key":"r37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2010.04.0070","volume":"48","author":"Resnik L","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev"},{"issue":"4","key":"r38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2011.04.0081","volume":"49","author":"Resnik L","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev"},{"issue":"2","key":"r39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","volume":"3","author":"Braun V","year":"2006","journal-title":"Qualit Res Psychology"},{"volume-title":"Understanding and addressing violence against women","year":"2012","author":"World Health Organization","key":"r40"},{"key":"r41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-015-0596-7","volume":"17","author":"Castro CA","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"key":"r42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/9780773571716","volume-title":"Understanding military culture: a Canadian perspective","author":"English AD","year":"2004"},{"volume-title":"Duty with honour: the profession of arms in Canada","year":"2003","author":"Department of National Defence","key":"r43"},{"key":"r44","unstructured":"Doak D. The relationship between military sexual assault, posttraumatic stress disorder and participation among women Veterans of the Canadian Armed Forces [dissertation]. [Toronto:] Queen\u2019s University; 2023 [cited 2025 Apr 10]. Available from: https:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/1974\/31862"},{"issue":"6","key":"r45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1037\/tra0000999","volume":"13","author":"McCaslin SE","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychol Trauma"},{"issue":"4","key":"r46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1177\/2167702617705672","volume":"5","author":"Smith BN","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Sci"},{"volume-title":"Understanding of Military Culture to Support Organizational Change: Systems Approaches, Critical Analyses, and Innovative Research Methods","author":"McKinnon M","key":"r47"},{"issue":"7","key":"r48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.22292","volume":"72","author":"Monteith LL","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Psychology"},{"key":"r49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1111\/inm.12792","volume":"6","author":"Jamieson N","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Ment Health Nurs"},{"issue":"1","key":"r50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjmilitary-2022-002128","volume":"170","author":"Phelps AJ","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Mil Health"},{"key":"r51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3138\/jmvfh.3394"}],"container-title":["Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/utppublishing.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3138\/jmvfh-2024-0032","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T15:20:35Z","timestamp":1752592835000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/utppublishing.com\/doi\/10.3138\/jmvfh-2024-0032"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3138\/jmvfh-2024-0032"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3138\/jmvfh-2024-0032","relation":{},"ISSN":["2368-7924","2368-7924"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2368-7924"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2368-7924"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]}}}