{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T04:48:29Z","timestamp":1779252509840,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"University of Toronto Press Inc. (UTPress)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Medical Education"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The teaching of animal welfare in Indian veterinary education is limited. Current knowledge and attitudes to animal welfare and euthanasia, and the effect of a targeted educational intervention, were assessed in 84 Indian national and 49 non-Indian veterinarians attending a 2-week training course run by the Worldwide Veterinary Service in Tamil Nadu. A pre-intervention questionnaire, comprising knowledge and attitude questions on animal welfare and ethical issues, was completed. Fifteen students were then retained as a control group. The intervention group was exposed to a predesigned lecture and case studies (day 6). At the end of the course (day 12), another identical questionnaire was completed. Initially, there was no difference in knowledge of the control or intervention groups of Indian participants. Overall knowledge scores were lower in Indian participants compared with non-Indian participants ( p &lt; 0.05). Both groups\u2019 scores increased after the course ( p &lt; 0.05), with the Indian participants improving the most. Indian participants\u2019 attitudes were supportive of animal welfare and euthanasia prior to the intervention. Improvements in scores, with some reaching significance ( p &lt; 0.05), were observed post-intervention. Non-Indian participants\u2019 attitudes were more supportive of animal welfare and euthanasia with strongly agree\/ strongly disagree chosen more frequently than Indian responses. Both groups\u2019 self-assessment of their understanding of these topics improved post-intervention ( p &lt; 0.01). No prominent differences were found in questionnaire responses in the control cohort. This study shows that a targeted educational intervention impacts on Indian veterinarians\u2019 knowledge and attitudes toward animal welfare and euthanasia, and is relevant to organizations aiming to improve animal welfare standards in India. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3138\/jvme.0518-063r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,13]],"date-time":"2019-06-13T19:32:15Z","timestamp":1560454335000},"page":"202-217","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Assessment of an Educational Intervention on the Knowledge and Attitudes of Indian National Veterinarians to Animal Welfare and Euthanasia"],"prefix":"10.3138","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Emma L.","family":"Rayner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Research Manager, Worldwide Veterinary Service"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilona","family":"Airikkala-Otter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Worldwide Veterinary Service, International Training Centre"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather J.","family":"Bacon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jeanne Marchig International Centre for Animal Welfare Education"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hayley M.","family":"Walters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luke","family":"Gamble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mission Rabies, Worldwide Veterinary Service"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fritha M.","family":"Langford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jeanne Marchig International Centre for Animal Welfare Education, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1696","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1080\/1389224X.2012.684801","volume":"18","author":"Sasidhar PVK","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Agric Educ Ext"},{"key":"r2","unstructured":"2. 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Damodaran H. 30 crore cattle and rising, but where are the country\u2019s vets? Indian Express. 2014 Dec 15. Available from: http:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/india\/india-others\/30-crore-cattle-and-rising-but-where-are-the-countrys-vets\/."},{"issue":"2","key":"r18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2010.06.002","volume":"31","author":"Popil I.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nurse Educ Today"},{"issue":"23","key":"r19","first-page":"8410\u20135","volume":"111","author":"Scott F","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3138\/jvme.0815-137R1"},{"key":"r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3138\/jvme.32.4.505"},{"key":"r22","unstructured":"22. EDUCAWEL. Study on education and information activities on animal welfare. Monells, Spain: Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroaliment\u00e0ries; 2016. 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