{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T17:07:16Z","timestamp":1758042436501,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"University of Toronto Press Inc. (UTPress)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Physiotherapy Canada"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Purpose: Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is a multifactorial condition that is highly prevalent among recreational runners. Poor homeostasis between load and runner\u2019s capacity is the main cause of PFP. A low-cost and community-based intervention is needed to address the rehabilitation needs of runners in under-resourced communities. The purpose of this study was to develop a community-based exercise and physical programme for runners with PFP in under-resourced communities. Method: This study used a Delphi method that included sports experts (physicians, physiotherapists, biokineticists, podiatrists, and sports therapists) who consented to participate. Delphi included three rounds of iterations to attain consensus among experts. Experts reached a consensus by rating PFP programme items using the 5-point Likert scale. Results: Ten experts participated. There were more males ( n = 6) than females ( n = 4). Participants were aged between 36 and 55 years ( n = 5) and had 16\u201320 years of clinical experience ( n = 5). Delphi process yielded an exercise and physical intervention, which included the following 10 recommended strategies: hip muscle training, quadriceps muscle training, general lower limb and trunk strengthening, use of appropriate running shoes, and use of prefabricated in-shoe foot orthosis, tissue mobilization, patellar taping\/bracing, education, flexibility exercises, addressing external loads, and addressing non-physical internal loads. Conclusions: A consensus was reached for a suitable exercise and physical programme for runners in under-resourced communities. A follow-up implementation study is, therefore, recommended. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3138\/ptc-2023-0098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,31]],"date-time":"2024-05-31T11:04:25Z","timestamp":1717153465000},"page":"313-320","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Developing a Community-Based Exercise and Physical Programme for Runners With Patellofemoral Pain in Under-Resourced Communities: A Delphi Study"],"prefix":"10.3138","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Siyabonga","family":"Kunene","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Physiotherapy Department, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, and Wits Sports and Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1696","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-9-36","volume":"9","author":"van Middelkoop M","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskel Dis"},{"key":"r2","volume-title":"Clinical sports medicine","author":"Brukner P","year":"2017","edition":"5"},{"key":"r3","first-page":"383","volume":"4","author":"Harvie D","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Multidiscip Healthc"},{"key":"r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3138\/physio.62.1.17"},{"issue":"1","key":"r5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a452","DOI":"10.4102\/sajp.v74i1.402","volume":"74","author":"Kunene SH","year":"2018","journal-title":"S Afr J Physiother"},{"key":"r6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-h3939rep","volume":"50","author":"Crossley KM","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"r7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0190892","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0190892","volume":"13","author":"Smith BE","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"r8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2018-099397","volume":"52","author":"Collins NJ","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"r9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"0","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-0535.19","volume":"55","author":"Esculier JF","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Bump JM","key":"r10"},{"issue":"6","key":"r11","first-page":"891","volume":"11","author":"Mullaney MJ","year":"2016","journal-title":"IJSPT"},{"key":"r12","unstructured":"Fulkerson JP. 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