{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T01:05:15Z","timestamp":1777338315796,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Midblock pedestrian crossing areas between closely spaced roundabouts can affect traffic operations and may result in a trade-off between capacity, environment, and safety benefits. Even though research has been conducted on the impacts of traffic performance on pedestrian crosswalks located at isolated roundabouts, few studies have focused on how pedestrian crosswalks between closely adjacent roundabouts affect traffic operations. A microsimulation approach was used to examine the integrated effect of a pedestrian crosswalk on traffic delay, carbon dioxide emissions, and relative speed between vehicles and pedestrians at different locations between closely spaced two-lane roundabouts. The main purpose of the study was to develop a simulation platform of traffic (VISSIM), emissions (vehicle-specific power), and safety (surrogate safety assessment model) to optimize such variables. The fast nondominated sorting genetic algorithm NSGA-II was mobilized to identify an optimized set of pedestrian crosswalk locations for the roundabout exit section along the midblock segment. One acceptable solution that provided a good balance between traffic performance, emissions, and pedestrian safety benefits was locating the crosswalks at 15, 20, and 30 m from the exit section. Even at low pedestrian demand, crosswalk effectiveness (as determined by capacity and environment) gradually decreased near the circulatory ring delimitation (&lt;10 m). Findings suggest that crosswalks in the midblock segment (55 to 60 m from the exit section) also must be considered, especially under high traffic demand. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3141\/2517-05","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,9]],"date-time":"2015-09-09T17:42:45Z","timestamp":1441820565000},"page":"37-47","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Multicriteria Assessment of Crosswalk Location in Urban Roundabout Corridors"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"2517","author":[{"given":"Paulo","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Mechanical Technology and Automation, University of Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal."}]},{"given":"T\u00e2nia","family":"Fontes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Mechanical Technology and Automation, University of Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal."}]},{"given":"S\u00e9rgio Ramos","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Mechanical Technology and Automation, University of Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal."}]},{"given":"Nagui M.","family":"Rouphail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Transportation Research and Education, North Carolina State University, NCSU Campus Box 8601, Raleigh, NC 27695-8601."}]},{"given":"Margarida C.","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Mechanical Technology and Automation, University of Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal."}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2517-05","volume-title":"Toolbox to Evaluate the Impacts of Roundabouts on a Corridor or Roadway Network.","author":"Isebrands H.","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr2-2517-05","volume-title":"NCHRP Report 672: Roundabouts: An Informational Guide","author":"Rodegerdts L.","year":"2010"},{"key":"bibr3-2517-05","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3141\/2312-02"},{"key":"bibr4-2517-05","volume-title":"Design Manual for Roads and Bridges","volume":"6","author":"Geometric Design of Roundabouts.","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr5-2517-05","unstructured":"SilvaA. B., CunhaJ., Relv\u00e3oT., and SilvaJ. P. Evaluation of Effect of Pedestrian Crossings on Roundabout Performance Using Microsimulation. Presented at 92nd Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 2013."},{"key":"bibr6-2517-05","volume-title":"Highway Capacity Manual 2010.","year":"2010"},{"key":"bibr7-2517-05","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3141\/2312-06"},{"key":"bibr8-2517-05","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3141\/2389-01"},{"key":"bibr9-2517-05","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3844\/ajassp.2008.34.41"},{"key":"bibr10-2517-05","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-947X(2005)131:11(812)"},{"key":"bibr11-2517-05","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/0018720054679533"},{"key":"bibr12-2517-05","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-947X(2008)134:6(262)"},{"key":"bibr13-2517-05","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3141\/2312-07"},{"key":"bibr14-2517-05","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2006.06.005"},{"key":"bibr15-2517-05","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3141\/2123-07"},{"key":"bibr16-2517-05","unstructured":"JacksonM., and RakhaH. A. Are Roundabouts Environmentally Friendly? An Evaluation for Uniform Approach Demands. Presented at 91st Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 2012."},{"key":"bibr17-2517-05","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3141\/2389-02"},{"key":"bibr18-2517-05","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3141\/2182-18"},{"key":"bibr19-2517-05","unstructured":"KrogscheepersJ. C., and WattersM. Roundabouts Along Rural Arterials in South Africa. Presented at 93rd Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 2014."},{"key":"bibr20-2517-05","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3141\/2316-09"},{"key":"bibr21-2517-05","unstructured":"Censos 2011. Statistics Portugal. http:\/\/mapas.ine.pt\/map.phtml. Accessed June 24, 2014."},{"key":"bibr22-2517-05","volume-title":"VISSIM 5.30-05 User Manual.","year":"2011"},{"key":"bibr23-2517-05","volume-title":"Automobile Industry Statistics 2011 Edition.","year":"2012"},{"key":"bibr24-2517-05","volume-title":"Methodology for Developing Modal Emission Rates for EPA's Multi-Scale Motor Vehicle and Equipment Emission System.","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr25-2517-05","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es702493v"},{"key":"bibr26-2517-05","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2008.11.005"},{"key":"bibr27-2517-05","volume-title":"Surrogate Safety Assessment Model and Validation: Final Report.","author":"Gettman D.","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr28-2517-05","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2432","author":"Vasconcelos L.","year":"2014"},{"key":"bibr29-2517-05","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3141\/2264-17"},{"key":"bibr30-2517-05","unstructured":"PazA., MolanoV., and KhanA. Calibration of Micro-Simulation Traffic-Flow Models Considering All Parameters Simultaneously. Presented at 93rd Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 2014."},{"key":"bibr31-2517-05","volume-title":"Traffic Analysis Toolbox, Volume III: Guidelines for Applying Traffic Microsimulation Software.","author":"Dowling R.","year":"2004"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr32-2517-05","first-page":"1","volume":"11","author":"Hale D.","year":"1997","journal-title":"McTrans"},{"key":"bibr33-2517-05","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/4235.996017"},{"key":"bibr34-2517-05","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2005.11.018"},{"key":"bibr35-2517-05","volume-title":"Multi-Objective Optimization Using Evolutionary Algorithms","author":"Deb K.","year":"2001"}],"container-title":["Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3141\/2517-05","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3141\/2517-05","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T05:02:31Z","timestamp":1741669351000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3141\/2517-05"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3141\/2517-05"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3141\/2517-05","relation":{},"ISSN":["0361-1981","2169-4052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0361-1981","type":"print"},{"value":"2169-4052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}}}