{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:01:09Z","timestamp":1787317269648,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Asian Spine Journal (ASJ)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,3]],"date-time":"2021-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620000000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["asianspinejournal.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asian Spine J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Posterior lumbar fusion is a safe and effective surgical method for diseases, such as lumbar stenosis, spondylolisthesis, lumbar instability, spinal deformity, and tumor. Pedicle screw (PS) fixation was first introduced by Bouche and has been adopted as the gold standard for posterior lumbar fusion. Santoni and colleagues introduced a new methodological screw insertion technique that uses a cortical bone trajectory (CBT), described as that from a medial to lateral path in the transverse axial plane and caudal to the cephalad path in the sagittal plane through the pedicle for maximum contact of the screw with the cortical bone. Owing to the lower invasiveness, superior cortical bone contact, and reduced neurovascular injury incidence, the CBT technique has been widely used in posterior lumbar fusion; however, these advantages have not been proven in clinical\/radiological and biomechanical studies. We designed the present study to review the existing evidence and evaluate the merit of CBT screw fixation. Six electronic databases were searched for relevant articles published in August 2020 using the search terms \u201ccortical bone trajectory,\u201d \u201cCBT spine,\u201d \u201cCBT fixation,\u201d \u201ccortical pedicle screws,\u201d and \u201ccortical screws.\u201d Studies were analyzed and divided into the following groups: \u201cbiomechanics investigation,\u201d \u201csurgical technique,\u201d and \u201cclinical\/radiological studies.\u201d Most studies compared CBT and PS fixation, and the CBT screw fixation method showed better or similar outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.31616\/asj.2020.0575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]],"date-time":"2021-04-29T21:17:36Z","timestamp":1619731056000},"page":"127-140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31616\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Cortical Trajectory Screw Fixation in Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Review of the Existing 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