{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T03:00:11Z","timestamp":1789182011298,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Asian Spine Journal (ASJ)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]],"date-time":"2023-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673308800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jember"},{"name":"Anatomical Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["asianspinejournal.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asian Spine J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Study Design: Experimental animal study.Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effects of treatment with human neural stem cell (HNSC) secretomes on subacute spinal cord injury (SCI) post-laminectomy by analyzing interleukin-10 (IL-10), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), transforming growth factor-\u03b2 (TGF-\u03b2), and Basso\u2013Beattie\u2013Bresnahan (BBB) score locomotors as expressions of neurological recovery.Overview of Literature: In the United States, SCI has a recovery rate of 0.08%, tetraplegia 58.7%, and paraplegia 40.6%. Therapeutic approaches to SCI have focused on modulating the secondary cascade to prevent neurological deterioration and glial scar formation. Increasing evidence has shown that the success of cell-based SCI therapy is attributed to the secretomes rather than the cells themselves, but the effect of treatment with HNSC secretomes in SCI is unclear.Methods: This experimental study investigated 15 Rattus norvegicus rats that were divided into three groups: (1) normal, (2) SCI+nonsecretome, and (3) SCI+secretome (30 \u03bcL, intrathecal Th10). Model subacute SCI post-laminectomy was performed in 60 seconds using an aneurysm Yasargil clip with a closing forceps weighing 65 g (150 kdyn). At 35 days post-injury, the specimens were collected, and the immunohistochemicals of IL-10, MMP9, and TGF-\u03b2 were analyzed. Motor recovery was evaluated based on the BBB scores.Results: The SCI post-laminectomy of rats treated with HNSC secretomes showed improvements in their locomotor recovery based on the BBB scores (p =0.000, mean=18.4) and decreased MMP9 (p =0.015) but had increased the levels of IL-10 (p =0.045) and TGF-\u03b2 (p =0.01).Conclusions: These results indicate that the factors associated with the HNSC secretomes can mitigate their pathophysiological processes of secondary damage after SCI and improve the locomotor functional outcomes in rats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.31616\/asj.2022.0152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]],"date-time":"2023-01-10T01:22:21Z","timestamp":1673313741000},"page":"231-239","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31616\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Role of Human Neural Stem Cell Secretomes on the Repair of Spinal Cord Injury Post-laminectomy in Rattus norvegicus Through the Analysis of Basso\u2013Beattie\u2013Bresnahan Score Locomotors, Interleukin-10, Matrix Metalloproteinase 9, and Transforming Growth Factor-\u03b2"],"prefix":"10.31616","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0363-0254","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"I Nyoman","family":"Semita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7832-5695","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dwikora Novembri","family":"Utomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9384-897X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Heri","family":"Suroto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6346-7121","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"I Ketut","family":"Sudiana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"16744","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41393-019-0319-8"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5214\/ans.0972.7531.260205"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-020-00475-3"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2015.03.013"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2014.3429"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/952906"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678x18776802"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/revneuro-2020-0148"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4541"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9734\/arrb\/2019\/v31i230045"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2021.106565"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2014.91"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2013.10.014"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19030870"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/b978-0-323-44450-7.00015-1"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.1995.12.1"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-019-1479-3"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2021.121279"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.2927-14.2014"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2012.2651"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-021-02690-2"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2016.00098"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2013.05.042"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-12-26"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3727\/096368916x693824"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.1576-13.2013"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096750"}],"container-title":["Asian Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.asianspinejournal.org\/upload\/pdf\/asj-2022-0152.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.asianspinejournal.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.31616\/asj.2022.0152","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.asianspinejournal.org\/upload\/pdf\/asj-2022-0152.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T05:05:33Z","timestamp":1682485533000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.asianspinejournal.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.31616\/asj.2022.0152"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,30]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31616\/asj.2022.0152","relation":{},"ISSN":["1976-1902","1976-7846"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1976-1902","type":"print"},{"value":"1976-7846","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-04-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-05-29","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-01-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Print publication","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}