{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T13:39:27Z","timestamp":1791725967675,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":130,"publisher":"American Dairy Science Association","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527811200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]],"date-time":"2019-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559347200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Dairy Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,5]],"date-time":"2018-04-05T18:00:40Z","timestamp":1522951240000},"page":"4762-4784","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":377,"title":["Invited review: Current perspectives on eating and rumination activity in dairy cows"],"prefix":"10.3168","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"K.A.","family":"Beauchemin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1747","reference":[{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s00484-016-1222-z","article-title":"Monitoring cow activity and rumination time for an early detection of heat stress in dairy cow","volume":"61","author":"Abeni","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Biometeorol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2007-0724","article-title":"Diet digestibility, rate of passage, and eating and rumination behavior of Jersey and Holstein cows","volume":"91","author":"Aikman","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1071\/AN12214","article-title":"Dietary ratios of maize silage to lucerne hay affect feed intake, chewing activity and milk production of dairy cows","volume":"54","author":"Akbari-Afjani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anim. Prod. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2013.12.009","article-title":"Response of early lactation Holstein cows to partial replacement of neutral detergent soluble fibre for starch in diets varying in forage particle size","volume":"160","author":"Alamouti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Livest. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2009.07.002","article-title":"Effects of inclusion of neutral detergent soluble fibre sources in diets varying in forage particle size on feed intake, digestive processes, and performance of mid-lactation Holstein cows","volume":"154","author":"Alamouti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(93)77369-5","article-title":"Feeding behavior of dairy cattle","volume":"76","author":"Albright","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(97)76074-0","article-title":"Relationship between fermentation acid production in the rumen and the requirement for physically effective fiber","volume":"80","author":"Allen","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1750","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2014-8565","article-title":"Comparison of rumination activity measured using rumination collars against direct visual observations and analysis of video recordings of dairy cows in commercial farm environments","volume":"98","author":"Ambriz-Vilchis","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib9","series-title":"Method of determining and expressing particle size of chopped forage materials by screening. ANSI\/ASAE S424.1:562-564","author":"ANSI (American National Standards Institute)","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib10","series-title":"Method of determining and expressing particle size of chopped forage materials by screening. ANSI\/ASAE S424.1:663-665","author":"ASABE (American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers)","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2010-3301","article-title":"Ruminant nutrition symposium: Role of fermentation acid absorption in the regulation of ruminal pH","volume":"89","author":"Aschenbach","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1959.sp006324","article-title":"Stimulation and inhibition of reticulum contractions, rumination and parotid secretion from the forestomach of conscious sheep","volume":"149","author":"Ash","year":"1959","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19610053","article-title":"Saliva secretion and its relation to feeding in cattle. 3. The rate of secretion of mixed saliva in the cow during eating, with an estimate of the magnitude of the total daily secretion of mixed saliva","volume":"15","author":"Bailey","year":"1961","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19610048","article-title":"Saliva secretion and its relation to feeding in cattle. 2. The composition and rate of secretion of mixed saliva in the cow during rest","volume":"15","author":"Bailey","year":"1961","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(94)77036-3","article-title":"Compressed baled alfalfa hay for primiparous and multiparous dairy cows","volume":"77","author":"Beauchemin","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(97)76094-6","article-title":"Minimum versus optimum concentrations of fiber in dairy cow diets based on barley silage and concentrates of barley or corn","volume":"80","author":"Beauchemin","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib17","series-title":"The Veterinary Clinics of North America: Dairy Nutrition Management","first-page":"439","article-title":"Ingestion and mastication of feed by dairy cattle","author":"Beauchemin","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3140","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(91)78499-3","article-title":"Effects of dietary neutral detergent fiber concentration and alfalfa hay quality on chewing, rumen function, and milk production of dairy cows","volume":"74","author":"Beauchemin","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2288","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(89)79360-7","article-title":"Effects of dietary neutral detergent fiber concentration and supplementary long hay on chewing activities and milk production of dairy cows","volume":"72","author":"Beauchemin","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2077","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2007-0726","article-title":"Short communication: Salivary secretion during meals in lactating dairy cattle","volume":"91","author":"Beauchemin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(03)73641-8","article-title":"Effects of particle size of alfalfa-based dairy cow diets on chewing activity, ruminal fermentation and milk production","volume":"86","author":"Beauchemin","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2746","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(89)79418-2","article-title":"An automatic system for quantification of eating and ruminating activities of dairy cattle housed in stalls","volume":"72","author":"Beauchemin","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2007-0358","article-title":"Effects of the chop lengths of alfalfa silage and oat silage on feed intake, milk production, feeding behavior, and rumen fermentation of dairy cows","volume":"91","author":"Bhandari","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2974","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2013-7560","article-title":"Technical note: Evaluation of an ear-attached movement sensor to record cow feeding behavior and activity","volume":"97","author":"Bikker","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5664","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-11526","article-title":"Machine-learning-based calving prediction from activity, lying, and ruminating behaviors in dairy cattle","volume":"100","author":"Borchers","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7458","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-10843","article-title":"A validation of technologies monitoring dairy cow feeding, ruminating, and lying behaviors","volume":"99","author":"Borchers","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(03)73635-2","article-title":"Fibrolytic enzymes and parity effects on feeding behavior, salivation, and ruminal pH of lactating dairy cows","volume":"86","author":"Bowman","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3926","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2014-8012","article-title":"Variations in automatically recorded rumination time as explained by variations in intake of dietary fractions and milk production, and between-cow variation","volume":"98","author":"Byskov","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib29","first-page":"57","article-title":"Eating behaviour of housed dairy cows\u2014A review","volume":"43","author":"Campling","year":"1981","journal-title":"Dairy Sci. Abstr."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.3923\/javaa.2010.374.383","article-title":"Effects of maize silage particle size and feeding method on ruminal fermentation, chewing activity and passage rate of lactation cows","volume":"9","author":"Cao","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Anim. Vet. Adv."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(86)80534-3","article-title":"Eating and resting salivation in early lactation dairy cows","volume":"69","author":"Cassida","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib32","series-title":"Digestive Physiology and Nutrition of Ruminants. Vol 1. Digestive Physiology","first-page":"46","article-title":"Ingestion and mastication of feed","author":"Church","year":"1975"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6531","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2013-7860","article-title":"Short communication: Added value of rumination time for the prediction of dry matter intake in lactating dairy cows","volume":"97","author":"Cl\u00e9ment","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731114002997","article-title":"Improving feed efficiency in dairy production: Challenges and possibilities","volume":"9","author":"Connor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib35","series-title":"Proc. Cornell Nutr. Conf. Feed Manuf., East Syracuse, NY","first-page":"151","article-title":"Measuring physically effective fiber on-farm to predict cow response","author":"Cotanch","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3825","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-12108","article-title":"Variability in behavior and production among dairy cows fed under differing levels of competition","volume":"100","author":"Crossley","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(94)76936-8","article-title":"Variation in and relationships among feeding, chewing, and drinking variables for lactating dairy cows","volume":"77","author":"Dado","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4041","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2014-9078","article-title":"Effects of corn-based reduced-starch diets using alternative carbohydrate sources on performance of lactating Holstein cows","volume":"98","author":"Dann","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-8401(90)90143-V","article-title":"Chewing activity in ruminants as a measure of its physical structure\u2014A review of factors affecting it","volume":"27","author":"De Boever","year":"1990","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib40","series-title":"Proc. Precision Dairy Farming Conf","first-page":"387","article-title":"The relation between eating time and feed intake of dairy cows","author":"De Mol","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5067","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2009-2102","article-title":"Repeated ruminal acidosis challenges in lactating dairy cows at high and low risk for developing acidosis: Feeding, ruminating, and lying behavior","volume":"92","author":"DeVries","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(04)73293-2","article-title":"Effect of feeding space on the inter-cow distance, aggression, and feeding behavior of free-stall housed lactating dairy cows","volume":"87","author":"DeVries","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2011.12.005","article-title":"Ruminal pH regulation and nutritional consequences of low pH","volume":"172","author":"Dijkstra","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8723","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-9645","article-title":"Behavioral and physiological changes around estrus events identified using multiple automated monitoring technologies","volume":"98","author":"Dolecheck","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skx073","article-title":"Estimating optimal observational sampling frequency of behaviors for cattle fed high and low forage diets","volume":"96","author":"Dong","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib46","series-title":"Digestive Physiology and Metabolism in Ruminants. Proc. 5th Int. Symp. Ruminant Physiology","first-page":"103","article-title":"Ingestive behaviour and related activities in ruminants","author":"Dulphy","year":"1979"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2014.00090","article-title":"Development of a methodology to measure the effect of ergot alkaloids on forestomach motility using real-time wireless telemetry","volume":"2","author":"Egert","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Chem."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2847","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2012-5855","article-title":"The effect of meloxicam on pain sensitivity, rumination time, and clinical signs in dairy cows with endotoxin-induced clinical mastitis","volume":"96","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4475","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-12266","article-title":"Effect of undigested neutral detergent fiber content of alfalfa hay on lactating dairy cows: Feeding behavior, fiber digestibility, and lactation performance","volume":"100","author":"Fustini","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19910042","article-title":"Rumen fill and digesta kinetics in lactating Friesian cows given two levels of concentrates with two types of grass silage ad lib","volume":"66","author":"Gasa","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19660004","article-title":"A study of chewing during eating in the cow","volume":"20","author":"Gill","year":"1966","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2858","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2012-5908","article-title":"Technical note: Validation of rumination collars for beef cattle","volume":"91","author":"Goldhawk","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3158","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(90)79005-4","article-title":"Effect of particle size of forage and rumen cannulation upon chewing activity and laterality in dairy cows","volume":"73","author":"Grant","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2016.04.006","article-title":"Measuring behaviour accurately with instantaneous sampling: A new tool for selecting appropriate sampling intervals","volume":"180","author":"H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib55","author":"Heinrichs"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib56","series-title":"The Ruminant Animal: Digestive Physiology and Nutrition","first-page":"14","article-title":"Anatomy of the gastro-intestinal tract","author":"Hofmann","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1976.434902x","article-title":"Physiological effects of acidosis on feedlot cattle","volume":"43","author":"Huber","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1111\/lam.12033","article-title":"Successional colonization of perennial ryegrass by rumen bacteria","volume":"56","author":"Huws","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lett. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8699","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-10389","article-title":"Description and evaluation of a net energy intake model as a function of dietary chewing index","volume":"99","author":"Jensen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2660","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-11559","article-title":"Effect of dietary roughage level on chewing activity, ruminal pH, and saliva secretion in lactating Holstein cows","volume":"100","author":"Jiang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7110","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2012-6462","article-title":"Effects of alfalfa hay particle size in high concentrate diets supplemented with unsaturated fat: Chewing behavior, total tract digestibility and milk production of dairy cows","volume":"96","author":"Kahyani","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2011-4588","article-title":"Nutrient demand interacts with grass particle length to affect digestion responses and chewing activity in dairy cows","volume":"95","author":"Kammes","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2017-12909","article-title":"Association of rumination time and health status with milk yield and composition in early-lactation dairy cows","volume":"101","author":"Kaufman","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5604","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-10509","article-title":"Association of rumination time with subclinical ketosis in transition dairy cows","volume":"99","author":"Kaufman","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-9790","article-title":"Impact of timing of feed delivery on the behavior and productivity of dairy cows","volume":"99","author":"King","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8358","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2017-12723","article-title":"Deviations in behavior and productivity data before diagnosis of health disorders in cows milked with an automated system","volume":"100","author":"King","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(02)74254-9","article-title":"Technical note\u2014A comparison of methods used to measure eating and ruminating activity in confined dairy cattle","volume":"85","author":"Kononoff","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(03)73728-X","article-title":"The effect of reducing alfalfa haylage particle size on cows in early lactation","volume":"86","author":"Kononoff","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(03)73773-4","article-title":"Modification of the Penn State Particle Separator and the effects of moisture content on its measurements","volume":"86","author":"Kononoff","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3343","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(03)73937-X","article-title":"The effect of corn silage particle size on eating behavior, chewing activities, and rumen fermentation in lactating dairy cows","volume":"86","author":"Kononoff","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-11884","article-title":"Rumination time and reticuloruminal temperature as possible predictors of dystocia in dairy cows","volume":"100","author":"Kov\u00e1cs","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4755","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2008-1302","article-title":"Corn silage partially replacing short alfalfa hay to optimize forage use in total mixed rations for lactating cows","volume":"91","author":"Kowsar","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1936","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(02)74270-7","article-title":"Effects of forage particle size and grain fermentability in midlactation cows. I. Milk production and diet digestibility","volume":"85","author":"Krause","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1947","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(02)74271-9","article-title":"Effects of forage particle size and grain fermentability in midlactation cows: II. Ruminal pH and chewing activity","volume":"85","author":"Krause","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib75","series-title":"Control of Digestion and Metabolism in Ruminants: Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Ruminant Physiology","first-page":"3","article-title":"Sensory receptors in the ruminant alimentary tract","author":"Leek","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1071\/AN13381","article-title":"Interactions between microbial consortia in biofilms: A paradigm shift in rumen microbial ecology and enteric methane mitigation","volume":"54","author":"Leng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anim. Prod. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6812","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2014-8947","article-title":"Characterization of peripartum rumination and activity of cows diagnosed with metabolic and uterine diseases","volume":"98","author":"Liboreiro","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(02)74179-9","article-title":"Effect of concentrate level and feeding management on chewing activities, saliva production, and ruminal pH of lactating dairy cows","volume":"85","author":"Maekawa","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(02)74180-5","article-title":"Chewing activity, saliva production, and ruminal pH of primiparous and multiparous lactating dairy cows","volume":"85","author":"Maekawa","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2016.07.063","article-title":"Biofilms, bubbles and boundary layers\u2014A new approach to understanding cellulolysis in anaerobic and ruminant digestion","volume":"104","author":"Mason","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3527","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2010-3718","article-title":"Effect of varying total mixed ration particle size on rumen digesta and fecal particle size and digestibility in lactating dairy cows","volume":"94","author":"Maulfair","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(97)76075-2","article-title":"Creating a system for meeting the fiber requirements of dairy cows","volume":"80","author":"Mertens","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2213","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-12004","article-title":"Short communication: Associations between feed push-up frequency, feeding and lying behavior, and milk yield and composition of dairy cows","volume":"100","author":"Miller-Cushon","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2004.11.005","article-title":"Quantifying behavioural priorities\u2014Effects of time constraints on behaviour of dairy cows, Bos taurus.","volume":"93","author":"Munksgaard","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2016.06.012","article-title":"A meta-analysis and meta-regression of the impact of particle size, level, source and preservation method of forages on chewing behavior and ruminal fermentation in dairy cows","volume":"219","author":"Nasrollahi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2433","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-12030","article-title":"Large-scale indirect measurements for enteric methane emissions in dairy cattle: A review of proxies and their potential for use in management and breeding decisions","volume":"100","author":"Negussie","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E687","DOI":"10.3390\/s17040687","article-title":"Minimized bolus-type wireless sensor node with a built-in three-axis acceleration meter for monitoring a cow's rumen conditions","volume":"17","author":"Nogami","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sensors (Basel)"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib88","series-title":"NorFor\u2014The Nordic Feed Evaluation System","first-page":"127","article-title":"A new Nordic structure evaluation system for diets fed to dairy cows: A meta analysis","author":"N\u00f8rgaard","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3388","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1989.67123388x","article-title":"Effects of changes in frequency of reticular contractions on fluid and particulate passage rates in cattle","volume":"67","author":"Okine","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2407","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(02)74323-3","article-title":"Using time-lapse video photography to assess dairy cattle lying behavior in a free-stall barn","volume":"85","author":"Overton","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6935","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2014-8194","article-title":"Rumination activity of dairy cows in the 24 hours before and after calving","volume":"97","author":"Pahl","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2014-8025","article-title":"Feeding characteristics and rumination time of dairy cows around estrus","volume":"98","author":"Pahl","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9057","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-11203","article-title":"Peripartal rumination dynamics and health status in cows calving in hot and cool seasons","volume":"99","author":"Paudyal","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3116","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2008-1718","article-title":"Competition at the feed bunk changes the feeding, standing, and social behavior of transition dairy cows","volume":"92","author":"Proudfoot","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2014.10.013","article-title":"Simultaneous analysis of activity and rumination time, based on collar-mounted sensor technology, of dairy cows over the peri-estrus period","volume":"170","author":"Reith","year":"2014","journal-title":"Livest. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6416","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2012-5316","article-title":"Relationship between daily rumination time and estrus of dairy cows","volume":"95","author":"Reith","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib97","series-title":"Performance Recording in the Genotyped World. ICAR Technical Series No. 19","first-page":"99","article-title":"MooMonitor+ smart sensing technology and big data\u2014Resting time as an indicator for welfare status on farms","author":"Roessen","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib98","series-title":"The Ruminant Animal: Digestive Physiology and Nutrition","first-page":"64","article-title":"Motility of the gastro-intestinal tract","author":"Ruckebusch","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1928","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2012-6107","article-title":"Invited review: Sensors to support health management on dairy farms","volume":"96","author":"Rutten","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7012","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2013-7856","article-title":"Exchanging physically effective neutral detergent fiber does not affect chewing activity and performance of late-lactation dairy cows fed corn and sugarcane silages","volume":"97","author":"S\u00e1 Neto","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4707","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2011-5118","article-title":"How do dairy cows chew?\u2014Particle size analysis of selected feeds with different particle length distributions and of respective ingested bolus particles","volume":"95","author":"Schadt","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3212","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2011-4741","article-title":"Rumination and its relationship to feeding and lying behavior in Holstein dairy cows","volume":"95","author":"Schirmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7088","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2013-7023","article-title":"Short communication: Rumination and feeding behavior before and after calving in dairy cows","volume":"96","author":"Schirmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6052","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2009-2361","article-title":"Technical note: Validation of a system for monitoring rumination in dairy cows","volume":"92","author":"Schirmann","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9917","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-10548","article-title":"Short communication: Rumination and feeding behaviors differ between healthy and sick dairy cows during the transition period","volume":"99","author":"Schirmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3981","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2006-799","article-title":"Development of a mechanistic model to represent the dynamics of particle flow out of the rumen and to predict rate of passage of forage particles in dairy cattle","volume":"92","author":"Seo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2011.04.005","article-title":"Impact of acute clinical mastitis on cow behaviour","volume":"132","author":"Siivonen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2295","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(00)75116-2","article-title":"Influence of particle size on the effectiveness of the fiber in barley silage","volume":"83","author":"Soita","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5082","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2013-6620","article-title":"Rumination time during the summer season and its relationships with metabolic conditions and milk production","volume":"96","author":"Soriani","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7395","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-10907","article-title":"Use of rumination and activity monitoring for the identification of dairy cows with health disorders: Part I. Metabolic and digestive disorders","volume":"99","author":"Stangaferro","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7411","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-10908","article-title":"Use of rumination and activity monitoring for the identification of dairy cows with health disorders: Part II. Mastitis","volume":"99","author":"Stangaferro","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7422","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-11352","article-title":"Use of rumination and activity monitoring for the identification of dairy cows with health disorders: Part III. Metritis","volume":"99","author":"Stangaferro","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2395","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-11607","article-title":"Influence of breed, milk yield, and temperature-humidity index on dairy cow lying time, neck activity, reticulorumen temperature, and rumination behavior","volume":"100","author":"Stone","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib114","series-title":"Aspects of Digestive Physiology in Ruminants","first-page":"43","article-title":"Particle separation in the forestomachs of sheep","author":"Sutherland","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib115","first-page":"29","article-title":"Change in the rate of eating during a meal and the effect of the interval between meals on the rate at which cows eat roughages","volume":"11","author":"Suzuki","year":"1969","journal-title":"Anim. Prod."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2007.06.020","article-title":"A meta-analysis examining effects of particle size of total mixed rations on intake, rumen digestion and milk production in high-yielding dairy cows in early lactation","volume":"138","author":"Tafaj","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(80)82948-1","article-title":"Feeding behavior of lactating dairy cows as measured by time-lapse photography","volume":"63","author":"Vasilatos","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(71)86048-4","article-title":"Logarithmic normal distribution for description of sieved forage materials","volume":"54","author":"Waldo","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4552","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2008-1048","article-title":"Lameness, activity time-budgets, and estrus expression in dairy cattle","volume":"91","author":"Walker","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7248","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-9463","article-title":"Differential rumination, intake, and enteric methane production of dairy cows in a pasture-based automatic milking system","volume":"98","author":"Watt","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1982.544885x","article-title":"Rumination, particle size and passage from the rumen","volume":"54","author":"Welch","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9551","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2017-12765","article-title":"Physically adjusted neutral detergent fiber system for lactating dairy cow rations. I: Deriving equations that identify factors that influence effectiveness of fiber","volume":"100","author":"White","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2694","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(06)72345-1","article-title":"Increasing the physically effective fiber content of dairy cow diets may lower efficiency of feed use","volume":"89","author":"Yang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2826","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2007-0032","article-title":"Altering physically effective fiber intake through forage proportion and particle length: Chewing and ruminal pH","volume":"90","author":"Yang","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2008-1379","article-title":"Increasing physically effective fiber content of dairy cow diets through forage proportion versus forage chop length: Chewing and ruminal pH","volume":"92","author":"Yang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2203","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(01)74667-X","article-title":"Effects of grain processing, forage to concentrate ratio, and forage particle size on rumen pH and digestion by dairy cows","volume":"84","author":"Yang","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2709","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(01)74725-X","article-title":"Barley processing, forage:concentrate, and forage length effects on chewing and digesta passage in lactating cows","volume":"84","author":"Yang","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2011-4421","article-title":"Invited review: Role of physically effective fiber and estimation of dietary fiber adequacy in high-producing dairy cattle","volume":"95","author":"Zebeli","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(06)72129-4","article-title":"Effects of physically effective fiber on digestive processes and milk fat content in early lactating dairy cows fed total mixed rations","volume":"89","author":"Zebeli","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13706_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3243","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2009-3011","article-title":"Effects of feeding alfalfa hay on chewing, rumen pH, and milk fat concentration of dairy cows fed wheat dried distillers grains with solubles as a partial substitute for barley silage","volume":"93","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."}],"container-title":["Journal of Dairy Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022030218303023?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022030218303023?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022030218303023","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T17:11:45Z","timestamp":1731085905000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022030218303023"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"references-count":130,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022030218303023"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2017-13706","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0302"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0302","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}}}