{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T12:15:44Z","timestamp":1773231344669,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Dairy Science Association","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Dairy Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,26]],"date-time":"2021-08-26T03:26:05Z","timestamp":1629948365000},"page":"11820-11831","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effect of synchronized breeding on genetic evaluations of fertility traits in dairy cattle"],"prefix":"10.3168","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Lynch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.A.","family":"Oliveira Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.S.","family":"Schenkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.F.","family":"Baes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1747","reference":[{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1071\/RD11916","article-title":"The use of endocrine treatments to improve pregnancy rates in cattle","volume":"24","author":"Bisinotto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Reprod. Fertil. Dev."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731112002248","article-title":"Integrating genomic selection into dairy cattle breeding programmes: A review","volume":"7","author":"Bouquet","year":"2013","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4723","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(06)72522-X","article-title":"Survey of management practices on reproductive performance of dairy cattle on large US commercial farms","volume":"89","author":"Caraviello","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3704","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(04)73509-2","article-title":"Timed artificial insemination with estradiol cypionate or insemination at estrus in high-producing dairy cows","volume":"87","author":"Cerri","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9339","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-11445","article-title":"Survey of reproduction management on Canadian dairy farms","volume":"99","author":"Denis-Robichaud","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib6","first-page":"43","article-title":"Invited review: Reproductive and genomic technologies to optimize breeding strategies for genetic progress in dairy cattle","volume":"61","author":"Fleming","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch. Tierzucht"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib7","series-title":"ASReml User Guide Release 4.1 Functional Specification","author":"Gilmour","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3781","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2011-5155","article-title":"Effect of progesterone on magnitude of the luteinizing hormone surge induced by two different doses of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in lactating dairy cows","volume":"95","author":"Giordano","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2217","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(05)72897-6","article-title":"The effect of synchronization on genetic parameters of reproductive traits in dairy cattle","volume":"88","author":"Goodling","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.3200\/JEXE.74.3.249-266","article-title":"Understanding correlation: Factors that affect the size of r","volume":"74","author":"Goodwin","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Exp. Educ."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2199","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(05)72895-2","article-title":"Estimates of genetic parameters for Canadian Holstein female reproduction traits","volume":"88","author":"Jamrozik","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-6226(02)00274-9","article-title":"Genetic parameters and evaluations from single- and multiple-trait analysis of dairy cow fertility and milk production","volume":"81","author":"Kadarmideen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Livest. Prod. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2019.03.019","article-title":"Effect of presynchronization with prostaglandin F 2\u03b1 before the 5-d timed AI protocol on ovarian responses and pregnancy in dairy heifers","volume":"132","author":"Karakaya-Bilen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.21423\/bovine-vol35no1p13-22","article-title":"The Ovsynch breeding program for dairy cows - A review and economic perspective","volume":"35","author":"Leblanc","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bov. Pract."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7054","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2013-7093","article-title":"Hormonal manipulations in the 5-day timed artificial insemination protocol to optimize estrous cycle synchrony and fertility in dairy heifers","volume":"96","author":"Lima","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2003.10.009","article-title":"Relationship between level of milk production and estrous behavior of lactating dairy cows","volume":"81","author":"Lopez","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2186","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(86)80652-X","article-title":"Controlling first service and calving interval by prostaglandin F2\u03b1, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and timed insemination","volume":"69","author":"Lucy","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0248453","article-title":"Plasma concentrations of progesterone in the preceding estrous cycle are associated with the intensity of estrus and fertility of Holstein cows","volume":"16","author":"Madureira","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7003","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-9672","article-title":"Factors affecting expression of estrus measured by activity monitors and conception risk of lactating dairy cows","volume":"98","author":"Madureira","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(01)74600-0","article-title":"Effects of presynchronization and bovine somatotropin on pregnancy rates to a timed artificial insemination protocol in lactating dairy cows","volume":"84","author":"Moreira","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4404","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2020-18944","article-title":"Potential effects of hormonal synchronized breeding on genetic evaluations of fertility traits in dairy cattle: A simulation study","volume":"104","author":"Oliveira","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731112001401","article-title":"Genetic parameters for production, health, fertility and longevity traits in dairy cows","volume":"7","author":"Pritchard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(97)75938-1","article-title":"Reproductive management of lactating dairy cows using synchronization of ovulation","volume":"80","author":"Pursley","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib24","series-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Development Team","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2009-2675","article-title":"Application of one injection of prostaglandin F2\u03b1 in the five-day Co-Synch+CIDR protocol for estrous synchronization and resynchronization of dairy heifers","volume":"93","author":"Rabaglino","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4984","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2011-4225","article-title":"Reproductive performance of grazing dairy cows following presynchronization and resynchronization protocols","volume":"94","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib27","first-page":"370","article-title":"Economic aspects of applying reproductive technologies to dairy herds","volume":"9","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(05)72763-6","article-title":"Use of intravaginal progesterone-releasing inserts in a synchronization protocol before timed AI and for synchronizing return to estrus in Holstein heifers","volume":"88","author":"Rivera","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2010.02.016","article-title":"When is a cow in estrus? Clinical and practical aspects","volume":"74","author":"Roelofs","year":"2010","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.4141\/A02-094","article-title":"Degree of connectedness among groups of centrally tested beef bulls","volume":"84","author":"Roso","year":"2004","journal-title":"Can. J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2008.01.014","article-title":"Risk factors for resumption of postpartum estrous cycles and embryonic survival in lactating dairy cows","volume":"110","author":"Santos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3869","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-10557","article-title":"Adding a second prostaglandin F2\u03b1 treatment to but not reducing the duration of a PRID-Synch protocol increases fertility after resynchronization of ovulation in lactating Holstein cows","volume":"99","author":"Santos","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8507","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13210","article-title":"Fertility of lactating Holstein cows submitted to a Double-Ovsynch protocol and timed artificial insemination versus artificial insemination after synchronization of estrus at a similar day in milk range","volume":"100","author":"Santos","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(04)73235-X","article-title":"Comparison of ovarian function and circulating steroids in estrous cycles of Holstein heifers and lactating cows","volume":"87","author":"Sartori","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8484","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-12160","article-title":"Daily lying behavior of lactating Holstein cows during an estrus synchronization protocol and its associations with fertility","volume":"100","author":"Silper","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2008.03.014","article-title":"A new presynchronization system (Double-Ovsynch) increases fertility at first postpartum timed AI in lactating dairy cows","volume":"70","author":"Souza","year":"2008","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(04)73145-8","article-title":"Comparison of timed AI after synchronized ovulation to AI at estrus: Reproductive and economic considerations","volume":"87","author":"Tenhagen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2650","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(00)75158-7","article-title":"Bias in genetic evaluations by records of cows treated with bovine somatotropin","volume":"83","author":"Tsuruta","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2527\/1990.6882333x","article-title":"Influence of footing surface on mounting and other sexual behaviors of estrual Holstein cows","volume":"68","author":"Vailes","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib40","author":"Van Doormaal"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00220912","article-title":"Variance of prediction error with mixed model equations when relationships are ignored","volume":"85","author":"Van Vleck","year":"1993","journal-title":"Theor. Appl. Genet."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20495_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2005.10.003","article-title":"Changes in reproductive physiology of lactating dairy cows due to elevated steroid metabolism","volume":"65","author":"Wiltbank","year":"2006","journal-title":"Theriogenology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Dairy Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022030221008377?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022030221008377?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022030221008377","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T21:19:20Z","timestamp":1731100760000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022030221008377"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022030221008377"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2021-20495","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0302"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0302","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}}}