{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T15:22:55Z","timestamp":1784560975327,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Dairy Science Association","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journalofdairyscience.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Dairy Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T19:21:14Z","timestamp":1683573674000},"page":"5115-5126","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Presynchronization with prostaglandin F2\u03b1 and gonadotropin-releasing hormone simultaneously improved first-service pregnancy per artificial insemination in lactating Holstein cows compared with Presynch-14 when combined with detection of estrus"],"prefix":"10.3168","volume":"106","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0452-3207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.P.N.","family":"Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4356-8651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T.O.","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.S.","family":"Schmitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1747","reference":[{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2012.05.014","article-title":"Photoperiod length and the estrus synchronization protocol used before AI affect the twin pregnancy rate in dairy cattle","volume":"78","author":"Andreu-V\u00e1zquez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3413","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(06)72378-5","article-title":"Optimizing ovulation to first GnRH improved outcomes to each hormonal injection of Ovsynch in lactating dairy cows","volume":"89","author":"Bello","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.231.9.1390","article-title":"Effect of twin birth calvings on milk production, reproductive performance, and survival of lactating cows","volume":"231","author":"Bicalho","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2007-0409","article-title":"Altering the time of the second gonadotropin-releasing hormone injection and artificial insemination (AI) during Ovsynch affects pregnancies per AI in lactating dairy cows","volume":"91","author":"Brusveen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2008-1289","article-title":"Effects of additional prostaglandin F2\u03b1 and estradiol-17\u03b2 during Ovsynch in lactating dairy cows","volume":"92","author":"Brusveen","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7509","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2019-16536","article-title":"Effect of manipulating progesterone before timed artificial insemination on reproductive and endocrine outcomes in high-producing multiparous Holstein cows","volume":"102","author":"Carvalho","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2018.03.037","article-title":"Development of fertility programs to achieve high 21-day pregnancy rates in high-producing dairy cows","volume":"114","author":"Carvalho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2003.12.012","article-title":"Factors affecting conception rate after artificial insemination and pregnancy loss in lactating dairy cows","volume":"84","author":"Chebel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(07)71614-4","article-title":"An observational analysis of twin births, calf sex ratio, and calf mortality in Holstein dairy cattle","volume":"90","author":"Del R\u00edo","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","article-title":"G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences","volume":"39","author":"Faul","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Methods"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2771","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2013-7366","article-title":"Reproductive performance of lactating dairy cows managed for first service using timed artificial insemination with or without detection of estrus using an activity-monitoring system","volume":"97","author":"Fricke","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4212","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2007-0182","article-title":"Reducing the interval from presynchronization to initiation of timed artificial insemination improves fertility in dairy cows","volume":"90","author":"Galv\u00e3o","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2008.01220.x","article-title":"Factors affecting synchronization and conception rate after the Ovsynch protocol in lactating Holstein cows","volume":"45","author":"Galv\u00e3o","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reprod. Domest. Anim."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.13510","article-title":"Abortion in dairy cattle with advanced twin pregnancies: Incidence and timing","volume":"54","author":"Garcia-Ispierto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod. Domest. Anim."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3781","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2011-5155","article-title":"Effect of progesterone on magnitude of the luteinizing hormone surge induced by two different doses of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in lactating dairy cows","volume":"95","author":"Giordano","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-10083","article-title":"Effect of extending the interval from Presynch to initiation of Ovsynch in a Presynch-Ovsynch protocol on fertility of timed artificial insemination services in lactating dairy cows","volume":"99","author":"Giordano","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1830","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2012.07.021","article-title":"Effect of presynchronization strategy before Ovsynch on fertility at first service in lactating dairy cows","volume":"78","author":"Gumen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7003","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2011-5260","article-title":"Presynchronization with Double-Ovsynch improves fertility at first postpartum artificial insemination in lactating dairy cows","volume":"95","author":"Herlihy","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.574516","article-title":"Effect of GnRH 7 days before presynchronization with simultaneous PGF2\u03b1 and GnRH on reproductive outcomes in Holstein dairy cows","volume":"7","author":"Hubner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5436","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2009-2134","article-title":"Effect of increasing amounts of supplemental progesterone in a timed artificial insemination protocol on fertility of lactating dairy cows","volume":"92","author":"Lima","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2783","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(05)72958-1","article-title":"Relationship between level of milk production and multiple ovulations in lactating dairy cows","volume":"88","author":"Lopez","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10112165","article-title":"Twin pregnancies in dairy cattle: Observations in a large herd of Holstein-Friesian dairy cows","volume":"10","author":"L\u00f3pez-Gatius","year":"2020","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5107","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-11628","article-title":"The effect of presynchronization with prostaglandin F2\u03b1 and gonadotropin-releasing hormone simultaneously, 7 d before Ovsynch, compared with Presynch-10\/Ovsynch on luteal function and first-service pregnancies per artificial insemination","volume":"100","author":"Martins","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2815","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2010-3652","article-title":"Effects of cloprostenol sodium at final prostaglandin F2\u03b1 of Ovsynch on complete luteolysis and pregnancy per artificial insemination in lactating dairy cows","volume":"94","author":"Martins","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.21451\/1984-3143-AR881","article-title":"Fertility programs for lactating dairy cows, their physiological basis, and the factors that are critical for their success","volume":"13","author":"Martins","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10505","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018-14410","article-title":"Level of circulating concentrations of progesterone during ovulatory follicle development affects timing of pregnancy loss in lactating dairy cows","volume":"101","author":"Martins","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(01)74600-0","article-title":"Effects of presynchronization and bovine somatotropin on pregnancy rates to a timed artificial insemination protocol in lactating dairy cows","volume":"84","author":"Moreira","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(04)73307-X","article-title":"A modified presynchronization protocol improves fertility to timed artificial insemination in lactating dairy cows","volume":"87","author":"Navanukraw","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib29","series-title":"Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle","author":"NRC","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2012.03.032","article-title":"Compared to dinoprost tromethamine, cloprostenol sodium increased rates of estrus detection, conception and pregnancy in lactating dairy cows on a large commercial dairy","volume":"78","author":"Pursley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-691X(95)00279-H","article-title":"Synchronization of ovulation in dairy cows using PGF2\u03b1 and GnRH","volume":"44","author":"Pursley","year":"1995","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8507","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13210","article-title":"Fertility of lactating Holstein cows submitted to a Double-Ovsynch protocol and timed artificial insemination versus artificial insemination after synchronization of estrus at a similar day in milk range","volume":"100","author":"Santos","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5047","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2020-19421","article-title":"A retrospective study investigating the association of parity, breed, calving month and year, and previous parity milk yield and calving interval with twin births in US dairy cows","volume":"104","author":"Schambow","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3255","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2006-779","article-title":"Assessment of a practical method for identifying anovular dairy cows synchronized for first postpartum timed artificial insemination","volume":"90","author":"Silva","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2008.03.014","article-title":"A new presynchronization system (Double-Ovsynch) increases fertility at first postpartum timed AI in lactating dairy cows","volume":"70","author":"Souza","year":"2008","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2010-3375","article-title":"Alternative programs to presynchronize estrous cycles in dairy cattle before a timed artificial insemination program","volume":"94","author":"Stevenson","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6513","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2012-5707","article-title":"Pregnancy per artificial insemination after presynchronizing estrous cycles with the Presynch-10 protocol or prostaglandin F2\u03b1 injection followed by gonadotropin-releasing hormone before Ovsynch-56 in 4 dairy herds of lactating dairy cows","volume":"95","author":"Stevenson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2901","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2007-0856","article-title":"Detection of anovulation by heatmount detectors and transrectal ultrasonography before treatment with progesterone in a timed insemination protocol","volume":"91","author":"Stevenson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(99)00195-8","article-title":"Synchronization rate, size of the ovulatory follicle, and pregnancy rate after synchronization of ovulation beginning on different days of the estrous cycle in lactating dairy cows","volume":"52","author":"Vasconcelos","year":"1999","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22651_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2016.05.021","article-title":"Presynchronization of lactating dairy cows with PGF2\u03b1 and GnRH simultaneously, 7 days before Ovsynch have similar outcomes compared to G6G","volume":"86","author":"Yousuf","year":"2016","journal-title":"Theriogenology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Dairy Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022030223002114?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022030223002114?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022030223002114","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T21:37:15Z","timestamp":1731101835000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022030223002114"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022030223002114"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2022-22651","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0302"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0302","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Presynchronization with prostaglandin F2\u03b1 and gonadotropin-releasing hormone simultaneously improved first-service pregnancy per artificial insemination in lactating Holstein cows compared with Presynch-14 when combined with detection of estrus","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Dairy Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2022-22651","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Author(s).","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}