{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T21:49:12Z","timestamp":1787089752497,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Dairy Science Association","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journalofdairyscience.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Dairy Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T15:23:51Z","timestamp":1683559431000},"page":"7924-7931","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Effects of udder edema on parlor behavior in first- and second-lactation Holstein dairy cows"],"prefix":"10.3168","volume":"106","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9572-982X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cora","family":"Okkema","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4850-1210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirsten","family":"Eilertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7231-7101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Temple","family":"Grandin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1747","reference":[{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.2307\/2987937","article-title":"Measurement in medicine: The analysis of method comparison studies","volume":"32","author":"Altman","year":"1983","journal-title":"Statistician"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib3","first-page":"567","article-title":"A brief review of etiology and nutritional prevention of metabolic disorders in dairy cattle","volume":"77","author":"Ba\u010di\u0107","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet. Arh."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib4","first-page":"377","article-title":"An investigation into intertrigo (necrotic dermatitis or 'foul udder\u2019) in dairy cows","volume":"8","author":"Beattie","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cattle Pract."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib5","unstructured":"Bremner, K. J. 1997. Behaviour of dairy heifers during adaptation to milking. in Proc. New Zealand Society of Animal Production, Hamilton, New Zealand."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jveb.2017.02.002","article-title":"Relationship between stepping and kicking behavior and milking management in dairy cattle herds","volume":"19","author":"Cerqueira","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Vet. Behav."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2391","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(83)82097-9","article-title":"Variation of edema scores from herd-year, age, calving month, and sire","volume":"66","author":"Dentine","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(84)81286-2","article-title":"Associations of subjective udder edema scores and descriptive trait codes for udder types","volume":"67","author":"Dentine","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2557","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(88)79845-8","article-title":"Epidemiology of metabolic disorders in the periparturient dairy cow","volume":"71","author":"Erb","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1591(89)90026-9","article-title":"The effects of handling by humans at calving and during milking on the behavior and milk cortisol concentrations of primiparous dairy cows","volume":"22","author":"Hemsworth","year":"1989","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib11","first-page":"65","article-title":"A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure","volume":"6","author":"Holm","year":"1979","journal-title":"Scand. J. Stat."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3206","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(02)74409-3","article-title":"Stress responses during milking: Comparing conventional and automatic milking in primiparous dairy cows","volume":"85","author":"Hopster","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib13","first-page":"345","article-title":"Udder edema and association with some serum biochemical measurands and dietary factors in first calving cows","volume":"16","author":"Kojouri","year":"2015","journal-title":"IJVR"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5241","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2014-8773","article-title":"Habituation of dairy heifers to milking routine\u2014Effects on human avoidance distance, behavior, and cardiac activity during milking","volume":"98","author":"Kutzer","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2006.05.004","article-title":"Risk factors for udder edema and its association with lactation performance on primiparous Holstein cows in a large Florida herd","volume":"76","author":"Melendez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Prev. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2812","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(93)77620-1","article-title":"Oxidative stress, antioxidants, and animal function","volume":"76","author":"Miller","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib17","author":"MMPA (Michigan Milk Producers Association)"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.2527\/1997.751266x","article-title":"Assessment of acute pain in farm animals using behavioral and physiological measurements","volume":"75","author":"Molony","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(00)75091-0","article-title":"Effects of altering dietary cation-anion difference on calcium and energy metabolism in peripartum cows","volume":"83","author":"Moore","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9521","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018-14539","article-title":"Short communication: Associations of udder edema with health, milk yield, and reproduction in dairy cows in early lactation","volume":"101","author":"Morrison","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(88)79565-X","article-title":"Influence of sodium chloride and potassium bicarbonate on udder edema and selected blood parameters","volume":"71","author":"Nestor","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib22","first-page":"647","article-title":"Genetic relationships among dairy cattle type appraisal traits and milk yield","volume":"57","author":"Norman","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7334","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2020-19353","article-title":"Graduate Student Literature Review: Udder edema in dairy cattle\u2014A possible emerging animal welfare issue","volume":"104","author":"Okkema","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(74)84916-7","article-title":"Effect of dietary sodium and potassium on udder edema in Holstein heifers","volume":"57","author":"Randall","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livprodsci.2005.11.013","article-title":"The association between fetching for milking and dairy cows\u2019 behaviour at milking, and avoidance of human approach\u2014An on-farm study in herds with automatic milking systems","volume":"101","author":"Rousing","year":"2006","journal-title":"Livest. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livprodsci.2003.12.001","article-title":"Stepping and kicking behaviour during milking in relation to response in human\u2013animal interaction test and clinical health in loose housed dairy cows","volume":"88","author":"Rousing","year":"2004","journal-title":"Livest. Prod. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6923","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2022-21796","article-title":"A calm companion lowers fear in groups of dairy cows","volume":"105","author":"Stenfelt","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6983","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2011-5211","article-title":"The effect of training first-lactation heifers to the milking parlor on the behavioral reactivity to humans and the physiological and behavioral responses to milking and productivity","volume":"95","author":"Sutherland","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2382","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(92)77999-5","article-title":"Evaluation of a system for rating edema in dairy cattle","volume":"75","author":"Tucker","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2264","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(98)75806-0","article-title":"Genetic parameters of health disorders, and relationships with 305-day milk yield and conformation traits of registered Holstein cows","volume":"81","author":"Van Dorp","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2551","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(02)74338-5","article-title":"Individual differences in behavioral and physiological responsiveness of primiparous dairy cows to machine milking","volume":"85","author":"Van Reenen","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1989.50.08.1323","article-title":"Udder edema in cattle: Effects of diuretics (furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, acetazolamide, and 50% dextrose) on serum and urine electrolytes","volume":"50","author":"Vestweber","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.21423\/bovine-vol41no2p129-133","article-title":"Ultrasonographic distribution and duration of udder edema in post-partum and over-bagged dairy cows","volume":"41","author":"Waller","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bov. Pract."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3762(83)90179-7","article-title":"A possible relationship between the flinch, step and kick response and milk-yield in lactating cows","volume":"10","author":"Willis","year":"1983","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Ethol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22761_bib1","first-page":"763","article-title":"Udder edema: An updated review","volume":"56","author":"Al-Ani","year":"1986","journal-title":"Vet. Bull."}],"container-title":["Journal of Dairy Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S002203022300228X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S002203022300228X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S002203022300228X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T19:30:17Z","timestamp":1762198217000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S002203022300228X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S002203022300228X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2022-22761","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0302"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0302","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effects of udder edema on parlor behavior in first- and second-lactation Holstein dairy cows","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Dairy Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2022-22761","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}