{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:19:08Z","timestamp":1788999548627,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"American Dairy Science Association","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704758400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005639","name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["8560150621"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["8560150621"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005639","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015698","name":"College of Agriculture, Purdue University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015698","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"State of Sao Paulo Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020\/12476-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020\/12476-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journalofdairyscience.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Dairy Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]],"date-time":"2024-01-11T07:57:52Z","timestamp":1704959872000},"page":"3601-3613","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Forage sources in total mixed rations early in life influence performance, metabolites, and behavior of dairy calves"],"prefix":"10.3168","volume":"107","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4823-8125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.F.","family":"Toledo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.G.","family":"Dantas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.D.F.","family":"Barboza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7363-3931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.R.","family":"Tomaluski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5492-4854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I.C.R.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.I.","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4026-1240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.D.","family":"Marino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4160-2596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.M.","family":"Polizel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1876-807X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.K.","family":"Miller-Cushon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9836-7203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.M.M.","family":"Bittar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1747","reference":[{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib1","series-title":"Official Methods of Analysis","author":"AOAC International","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2324","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2019-17474","article-title":"Effect of starter form, starch concentration, and amount of forage fed on Holstein calf growth from 2 to 4 months of age","volume":"103","author":"Aragona","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2011-4176","article-title":"Interactions between mild nutrient imbalance and taste preferences in young ruminants","volume":"90","author":"Bach","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E55","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(04)70061-2","article-title":"Rumen development, intestinal growth and hepatic metabolism in the pre- and post-weaning ruminant","volume":"87","author":"Baldwin","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib5","series-title":"Understanding Forage Quality","author":"Ball","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2011-4405","article-title":"Effect of different forage sources on performance and feeding behavior of Holstein calves","volume":"95","author":"Castells","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5226","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2012-6419","article-title":"Effects of forage provision to young calves on rumen fermentation and development of the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"96","author":"Castells","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5635","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-10052","article-title":"Short communication: Effect of diet changes on sorting behavior of weaned dairy calves","volume":"99","author":"Costa","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3979","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2014-8863","article-title":"The effect of restricted milk feeding through conventional or step-down methods with or without forage provision in starter feed on performance of Holstein bull calves","volume":"93","author":"Daneshvar","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3838","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2014-7939","article-title":"Evaluation of a Brix refractometer to estimate serum immunoglobulin G concentration in neonatal dairy calves","volume":"97","author":"Deelen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3958","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2008-1347","article-title":"Repeated ruminal acidosis challenges in lactating dairy cows at high and low risk for developing acidosis: Feed sorting","volume":"91","author":"Devries","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12442","article-title":"Effects of forage offering method on performance, rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility and nutritional behaviour in Holstein dairy calves","volume":"100","author":"EbnAli","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl.)"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4423","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2019-17676","article-title":"Effects of feeding hay and calf starter as a mixture or as separate components to Holstein calves on intake, growth, and blood metabolite and hormone concentrations","volume":"103","author":"Engelking","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3937","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13728","article-title":"Silage review: Recent advances and future technologies for whole-plant and fractionated corn silage harvesting","volume":"101","author":"Ferraretto","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS19950012","article-title":"Food preferences in farm animals: Why don't they always choose wisely?","volume":"54","author":"Forbes","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc. Nutr. Soc."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2014.11.008","article-title":"Effect of type (barley vs. maize) and processing (grinding vs. dry rolling) of cereal on ruminal fermentation and microbiota of beef calves during the early fattening period","volume":"199","author":"Gimeno","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2019.07.005","article-title":"Colostrum management for dairy calves","volume":"35","author":"Godden","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib18","series-title":"Agricultural Handbook","first-page":"379","article-title":"Forage fiber analysis: Apparatus, reagents, procedures and some applications","author":"Goering","year":"1970"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10411","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2019-16533","article-title":"Evaluating effects of providing hay on behavioral development and performance of group-housed dairy calves","volume":"102","author":"Horvath","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-11561","article-title":"Effects of forage provision to dairy calves on growth performance and rumen fermentation: A meta-analysis and meta-regression","volume":"100","author":"Imani","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4061","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018-15189","article-title":"Reconstituted versus dry alfalfa hay in starter feed diets of Holstein dairy calves: Effects on feed intake, feeding and chewing behavior, feed preference, and health criteria","volume":"102","author":"Kargar","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731116002810","article-title":"Influence of barley grain particle size and treatment with citric acid on digestibility, ruminal fermentation and microbial protein synthesis in Holstein calves","volume":"11","author":"Kazemi-Bonchenari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4131","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018-15799","article-title":"Effects of silage inclusion in preweaning calf diets","volume":"102","author":"Kehoe","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10151","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13062","article-title":"A 100-year review: Calf nutrition and management","volume":"100","author":"Kertz","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-9975","article-title":"Invited review: transitioning from milk to solid feed in dairy heifers","volume":"99","author":"Khan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1071\/AN18636","article-title":"Feeding forage or concentrates early in life influences rumen fermentation, metabolic response, immune function and growth of Wagyu \u00d7 Friesian calves","volume":"60","author":"Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anim. Prod. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3547","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2010-3871","article-title":"Hay intake improves performance and rumen development of calves fed higher quantities of milk","volume":"94","author":"Khan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2005.08.004","article-title":"Understanding and preventing subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy herds: A review","volume":"126","author":"Krause","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. and Technol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(03)73634-0","article-title":"Effect of quantity, quality, and length of alfalfa hay on selective consumption by dairy cows","volume":"86","author":"Leonardi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9037","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2020-18578","article-title":"Corn processing and crude protein content in calf starter: Effects on growth performance, ruminal fermentation, and blood metabolites","volume":"103","author":"Makizadeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(97)76075-2","article-title":"Creating a system for meeting the fiber requirements of dairy cows","volume":"80","author":"Mertens","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4624","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2013-6670","article-title":"Effect of early exposure to different feed presentations on feed sorting of dairy calves","volume":"96","author":"Miller-Cushon","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2010-3382","article-title":"Effect of early feed type exposure on diet-selection behavior of dairy calves","volume":"94","author":"Miller-Cushon","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.4141\/cjas-2014-163","article-title":"Invited review: Development and expression of dairy calf feeding behavior","volume":"95","author":"Miller-Cushon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Can. J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2015-9670","article-title":"Interactions between the physical form of starter (mashed versus textured) and corn silage provision on performance rumen fermentation, and structural growth of Holstein calves","volume":"94","author":"Mirzaei","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9012","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2020-18596","article-title":"Increasing grass hay inclusion level on weaned dairy calf growth, intake, digestibility, and ruminal fermentation","volume":"103","author":"Mitchell","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib37","series-title":"Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle","author":"NASEM","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6074","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13892","article-title":"Interaction between the physical forms of starter and forage source on growth performance and blood metabolites of Holstein dairy calves","volume":"101","author":"Omidi-Mirzaei","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2019.103858","article-title":"Partial corn replacement by soybean hull, or hay supplementation: Effects of increased NDF in diet on performance, metabolism and behavior of pre-weaned calves","volume":"231","author":"Poczynek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Livest. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(94)76962-9","article-title":"Intake, growth, and selected blood parameters in calves fed calf starter via bucket or bottle","volume":"77","author":"Quigley","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2232","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018-15353","article-title":"Estimates of calf starter energy affected by consumption of nutrients. 1. Evaluation of models to predict changing digestion on energy content in calf starter","volume":"102","author":"Quigley","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2614","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-12181","article-title":"\u03b2-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and glucose concentrations in the blood of dairy calves as influenced by age, vaccination stress, weaning, and starter intake including evaluation of BHB and glucose markers of starter intake","volume":"100","author":"Suarez-Mena","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10083","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2020-18514","article-title":"Whole-flint corn grain or tropical grass hay free choice in the diet of dairy calves","volume":"103","author":"Toledo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6185","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2023-23494","article-title":"Whole-plant flint corn silage inclusion in total mixed rations for pre- and postweaning dairy calves","volume":"106","author":"Toledo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3583","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2","article-title":"Methods for dietary fiber neutral detergent fiber, and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition","volume":"74","author":"Van Soest","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8169","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018-14373","article-title":"Effects of different feed type exposure in early life on performance, rumen fermentation, and feed preference of dairy calves","volume":"101","author":"Xiao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2618","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(06)72339-6","article-title":"Physically effective fiber: Method of determination and effects on chewing, ruminal acidosis, and digestion by dairy cows","volume":"89","author":"Yang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24138_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4545","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22476","article-title":"Growth performance, blood metabolites, ruminal fermentation, and bacterial community in preweaning dairy calves fed corn silage-included starter and total mixed ration","volume":"106","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."}],"container-title":["Journal of Dairy Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022030224000079?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022030224000079?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022030224000079","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T21:44:20Z","timestamp":1731102260000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022030224000079"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022030224000079"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2023-24138","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0302"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0302","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Forage sources in total mixed rations early in life influence performance, metabolites, and behavior of dairy calves","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Dairy Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2023-24138","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Author(s).","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}