{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T03:27:04Z","timestamp":1778902024359,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"American Dairy Science Association","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]],"date-time":"2025-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018641","name":"Dairy Research Ireland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018641","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journalofdairyscience.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Dairy Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T10:17:57Z","timestamp":1744885077000},"page":"5968-5981","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Investigating the effects of concentrate supplement level and type on milk fat production and animal performance of spring-calving grazing dairy cows"],"prefix":"10.3168","volume":"108","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5117-3038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Heffernan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2684-7253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T.F.","family":"O'Callaghan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Fitzgerald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Serra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7608-5504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Frizzarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Galvin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.T.","family":"Mannion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4048-8883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.N.","family":"Kilcawley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1232-741X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.A.","family":"O'Mahony","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4585-2680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Dineen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1747","reference":[{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib1","series-title":"Official Methods of Analysis","author":"AOAC","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib2","series-title":"Official Methods of Analysis","author":"AOAC","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib3","series-title":"Official Methods of Analysis","author":"AOAC International","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(03)73581-4","article-title":"Invited review: Production and digestion of supplemented dairy cows on pasture","volume":"86","author":"Bargo","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-6226(01)00195-6","article-title":"Regulation and nutritional manipulation of milk fat: Low-fat milk syndrome","volume":"70","author":"Bauman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Livest. Prod. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10653","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2024-24982","article-title":"Mammary gland responses to altering the supply of de novo fatty acid substrates and preformed fatty acids on the yields of milk components and milk fatty acids","volume":"107","author":"Benoit","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1134\/S1061934815100044","article-title":"Rapid microwave-assisted preparation of fatty acid methyl esters for the analysis of fatty acid profiles in foods","volume":"70","author":"Brunton","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s13620-017-0092-y","article-title":"The prevalence, temporal and spatial trends in bulk tank equivalent milk fat depression in Irish milk recorded herds","volume":"70","author":"Carty","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ir. Vet. J."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib9","author":"CSO (Central Statistics Office)"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-11636","article-title":"Effect of sources of calcium salts of fatty acids on production, nutrient digestibility, energy balance, and carryover effects of early lactation grazing dairy cows","volume":"100","author":"de Souza","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fsufs.2023.1186454","article-title":"Enhancing the recovery of human-edible nutrients in milk and nitrogen efficiency throughout the lactation cycle by feeding fatty acid supplements","volume":"7","author":"de Souza","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Sustain. Food Syst."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3044","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2017-13946","article-title":"Long-term palmitic acid supplementation interacts with parity in lactating dairy cows: Production responses, nutrient digestibility, and energy partitioning","volume":"101","author":"de Souza","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-11636","article-title":"Altering the ratio of dietary palmitic and oleic acids affects production responses during the immediate postpartum and carryover periods in dairy cows","volume":"100","author":"de Souza","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1051\/animres:19980102","article-title":"Effet d'une r\u00e9duction simultan\u00e9e de la fertilisation azot\u00e9e et du chargement sur les performances des vaches laiti\u00e8res et la valorisation du p\u00e2turage","volume":"47","author":"Delaby","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann. Zootech."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1017\/S1357729800058161","article-title":"Effect of the level of concentrate supplementation, herbage allowance and milk yield at turn-out on the performance of dairy cows in mid lactation at grazing","volume":"73","author":"Delaby","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib16","series-title":"The use of n-alkanes as markers to determine intake, botanical composition of available or consumed herbage in studies of digesta kinetics with dairy cows","author":"Dillon","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib17","first-page":"145","article-title":"Effect of concentrate supplementation of grazing dairy cows in early lactation on milk production and milk processing quality","volume":"36","author":"Dillon","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ir. J. Agric. Food Res."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib18","series-title":"Utilisation of Grazed Grass in Temperate Animal Systems: Proceedings of a Satellite Workshop of the International Grassland Congress, July 2005, Cork, Ireland","first-page":"131","article-title":"Optimising financial return from grazing in temperate pastures","author":"Dillon","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib19","first-page":"104","article-title":"Herbage and dosed alkanes as a grass measurement technique for dairy cows","volume":"28","author":"Dillon","year":"1989","journal-title":"Isr. J. Agric. Res."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11593","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20148","article-title":"The effect of concentrate supplement type on milk production, nutrient intake, and total-tract nutrient digestion in mid-lactation, spring-calving dairy cows grazing perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) pasture","volume":"104","author":"Dineen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2020.114752","article-title":"Characterization of the nutritive value of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) dominated pastures using updated chemical methods with application for the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System","volume":"272","author":"Dineen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9752","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2020-19936","article-title":"Effects of calcium salts of palm fatty acids on nutrient digestibility and production responses of lactating dairy cows: A meta-analysis and meta-regression","volume":"104","author":"dos Santos Neto","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1680","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2006.225","article-title":"Protocol for the analysis of n-alkanes and other plant-wax compounds and for their use as markers for quantifying the nutrient supply of large mammalian herbivores","volume":"1","author":"Dove","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(04)73142-2","article-title":"Comparison of techniques for measurement of rumen pH in lactating dairy cows","volume":"87","author":"Duffield","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(89)79081-0","article-title":"A body condition scoring chart for Holstein dairy cows","volume":"72","author":"Edmonson","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1002\/ejlt.201400469","article-title":"Grazing increases the unsaturated fatty acid concentration of milk from grass-fed cows: A review of the contributing factors, challenges and future perspectives","volume":"117","author":"Elgersma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib27","first-page":"483","article-title":"Calcium salts of long chain fatty acids and nicotinic acid supplementation of diets fed to Holstein cows in early lactation","volume":"72","author":"Erickson","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib28","first-page":"33","article-title":"Directive 2010\/63\/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes","volume":"276","author":"European Union","year":"2012","journal-title":"Off. J. Eur. Union L"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib29","series-title":"Proc. Adv. Anim. Biosci","first-page":"190","article-title":"The effect of supplementation with a rumen-protected fat through an extended period of lactation on milk production of dairy cows in a pasture-based dairy system in Tasmania","author":"Freeman","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1017\/S0003356100012472","article-title":"Feeding calcium salts of fatty acids in high-starch or high-fibre compound supplements to lactating cows at grass","volume":"51","author":"Garnsworthy","year":"1990","journal-title":"Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/0921-4488(95)00810-1","article-title":"A comparison of rumen fluid sampled by oro ruminal probe versus rumen fistula","volume":"21","author":"Geishauser","year":"1996","journal-title":"Small Rumin. Res."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4556","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2012-5380","article-title":"Factors associated with ruminal pH at herd level","volume":"95","author":"Geishauser","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2013.06.010","article-title":"Fat and fatty acid content and composition of forages: A meta-analysis","volume":"185","author":"Glasser","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib34","series-title":"Book of Abstracts of the 65th Annual Meeting of the European Association for Animal Production","first-page":"108","article-title":"Creation of universal MIR calibrations by standardization of milk spectra: Example of fatty acids","author":"Grelet","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2017.01.029","article-title":"PastureBase Ireland: A grassland decision support system and national database","volume":"136","author":"Hanrahan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Comput. Electron. Agric."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(06)72177-4","article-title":"Effects of fatty acid supplements on ruminal and total tract nutrient digestion in lactating dairy cows","volume":"89","author":"Harvatine","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib37","series-title":"Investigating the effects of herbage mass and harvest date on perennial ryegrass nutritive value. In Why grasslands? Proceedings of the 30th General Meeting of the European Grassland Federation","author":"Heffernan","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.17221\/2485-CJAS","article-title":"The effects of feeding various forages on fatty acid composition of bovine milk fat: A review","volume":"55","author":"Kala\u010d","year":"2010","journal-title":"Czech J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib39","series-title":"Feeding Concentrates: Supplements for Dairy Cows","author":"Kellaway","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2007.12.025","article-title":"Effect of herbage allowance and concentrate supplementation on dry matter intake, milk production and energy balance of early lactating dairy cows","volume":"117","author":"Kennedy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Livest. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib41","series-title":"Update on fatty acid digestion and metabolism and impacts on milk production. Tri-State Nutrition Conference","author":"Lock","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib42","first-page":"265","article-title":"Feeding for milk components","volume":"24","author":"Lock","year":"2012","journal-title":"WCDS Adv. Dairy Technol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021859600066910","article-title":"The use of dosed and herbage n-alkanes as markers for the determination of herbage intake","volume":"107","author":"Mayes","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Agric. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2007-0710","article-title":"The effect of herbage allowance and concentrate supplementation on milk production performance and dry matter intake of spring-calving dairy cows in early lactation","volume":"91","author":"McEvoy","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2008-1313","article-title":"Effect of pregrazing herbage mass and pasture allowance on the lactation performance of Holstein-Friesian dairy cows","volume":"92","author":"McEvoy","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5042","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018-15796","article-title":"The effect of concentrate supplementation type on milk production, dry matter intake, rumen fermentation, and nitrogen excretion in late-lactation, spring-calving grazing dairy cows","volume":"102","author":"McKay","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2411","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2020.1778631","article-title":"Milk fat: Opportunities, challenges and innovation","volume":"61","author":"Mohan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib48","first-page":"91","article-title":"Modified neutral detergent cellulase digestibility procedure for use with the \u2018Fibertec\u2019 system","author":"Morgan","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ir. J. Agric. Res."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s13620-023-00230-3","article-title":"Comparison of milk and grass composition from grazing Irish dairy herds with and without milk fat depression","volume":"76","author":"Neville","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ir. Vet. J."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib50","first-page":"17","article-title":"A comparison of four methods of herbage mass estimation","volume":"41","author":"O'Donovan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ir. J. Agric. Food Res."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2007.12.017","article-title":"Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) in grazing Irish dairy cows","volume":"176","author":"O'Grady","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2560","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018-15559","article-title":"Milk production of Holstein-Friesian cows of divergent Economic Breeding Index evaluated under seasonal pasture-based management","volume":"102","author":"O'Sullivan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(03)73599-1","article-title":"Effects of corn grain conservation method on ruminal digestion kinetics for lactating dairy cows at two dietary starch concentrations","volume":"86","author":"Oba","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10061","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2017-12924","article-title":"A 100-Year Review: Fat feeding of dairy cows","volume":"100","author":"Palmquist","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1912","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-9712","article-title":"Reduced-fat dried distillers grains with solubles reduces the risk for milk fat depression and supports milk production and ruminal fermentation in dairy cows","volume":"99","author":"Ramirez-Ramirez","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3526","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2014-8516","article-title":"Factors associated with the financial performance of spring-calving, pasture-based dairy farms","volume":"98","author":"Ramsbottom","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114515001865","article-title":"Rapid changes in key ruminal microbial populations during the induction of and recovery from diet-induced milk fat depression in dairy cows","volume":"114","author":"Rico","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib58","first-page":"42","article-title":"Milk fat depression syndrome and the particular case of grazing cows: A review","volume":"65","author":"Rivero","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Agric. Scand. A Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/gfs.12244","article-title":"Effects of post-grazing herbage height and concentrate feeding on milk production and major milk fatty acids of dairy cows in mid-lactation","volume":"72","author":"Rugoho","year":"2017","journal-title":"Grass Forage Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4758","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(06)72525-5","article-title":"Effects of rumen acid load from feed and forage particle size on ruminal pH and dry matter intake in the lactating dairy cow","volume":"89","author":"Rustomo","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018-15040","article-title":"Annual rhythms of milk and milk fat and protein production in dairy cattle in the United States","volume":"102","author":"Salfer","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib62","series-title":"Proc. Tri-State Dairy Nutrition Conference","first-page":"157","article-title":"Seasonal variation in milk composition","author":"Salfer","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-6226(03)00118-0","article-title":"Effects of fat supplementation on milk production and composition by dairy cows on pasture: A review","volume":"86","author":"Schroeder","year":"2004","journal-title":"Livest. Prod. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7682","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2020-19665","article-title":"Effects of fat supplements containing different levels of palmitic and stearic acid on milk production and fatty acid digestibility in lactating dairy cows","volume":"104","author":"Shepardson","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2010-3408","article-title":"Mid-infrared prediction of bovine milk fatty acids across multiple breeds, production systems, and countries","volume":"94","author":"Soyeurt","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1071\/AR9870927","article-title":"Feeding high energy supplements to pasture fed dairy cows. Effects of stage of lactation and level of supplement","volume":"38","author":"Stockdale","year":"1987","journal-title":"Aust. J. Agric. Res."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6597","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22921","article-title":"Impact of varying levels of pasture allowance on the nutritional quality and functionality of milk throughout lactation","volume":"106","author":"Timlin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(65)88430-2","article-title":"Prediction of the energy value of cow's milk","volume":"48","author":"Tyrrell","year":"1965","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25928_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11472","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2020-18936","article-title":"Milk production responses to altering the dietary ratio of palmitic and oleic acids vary with production level in dairy cows","volume":"103","author":"Western","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."}],"container-title":["Journal of Dairy Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022030225002401?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022030225002401?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T01:15:59Z","timestamp":1748049359000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022030225002401"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022030225002401"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2024-25928","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0302"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0302","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Investigating the effects of concentrate supplement level and type on milk fat production and animal performance of spring-calving grazing dairy cows","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Dairy Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2024-25928","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s).","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}