{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T19:35:40Z","timestamp":1792611340105,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Dairy Science Association","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,25]],"date-time":"2025-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journalofdairyscience.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Dairy Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T16:35:27Z","timestamp":1738254927000},"page":"12991-12996","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effect of different types of milk consumption on gout and the mediating effect of branched-chain amino acids: A Mendelian randomization study"],"prefix":"10.3168","volume":"108","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4503-4178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiang","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0907-1010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao-Long","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7853-7794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qing-Ao","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1747","reference":[{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib1","article-title":"Dietary supplements for chronic gout","volume":"11","author":"Andr\u00e9s","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyv080","article-title":"Mendelian randomization with invalid instruments: Effect estimation and bias detection through Egger regression","volume":"44","author":"Bowden","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.21758","article-title":"Mendelian randomization analysis with multiple genetic variants using summarized data","volume":"37","author":"Burgess","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genet. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-015-0011-z","article-title":"Using published data in Mendelian randomization: A blueprint for efficient identification of causal risk factors","volume":"30","author":"Burgess","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9160","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.3493","article-title":"Depression and prostate cancer risk: A Mendelian randomization study","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Med."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa035700","article-title":"Purine-rich foods, dairy and protein intake, and the risk of gout in men","volume":"350","author":"Choi","year":"2004","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00569-9","article-title":"Gout","volume":"397","author":"Dalbeth","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"k601","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k601","article-title":"Reading Mendelian randomisation studies: A guide, glossary, and checklist for clinicians","volume":"362","author":"Davies","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-016-1062-6","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of gout in Western Sweden","volume":"18","author":"Dehlin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11122","article-title":"Genome-wide study for circulating metabolites identifies 62 loci and reveals novel systemic effects of LPA","volume":"7","author":"Kettunen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad569","article-title":"Mendelian randomization studies in endocrinology: Raising the quality bar for submissions and publications in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":"109","author":"Kjaergaard","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204463","article-title":"Rising burden of gout in the UK but continuing suboptimal management: A nationwide population study","volume":"74","author":"Kuo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05473-8","article-title":"FinnGen provides genetic insights from a well-phenotyped isolated population","volume":"613","author":"Kurki","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-023-02761-6","article-title":"Causal relationship between gut microbiota and cancers: A two-sample Mendelian randomisation study","volume":"21","author":"Long","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s12199-017-0609-8","article-title":"Alteration in plasma free amino acid levels and its association with gout","volume":"22","author":"Mahbub","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Health Prev. Med."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2016.08.006","article-title":"The rising prevalence and incidence of gout in British Columbia, Canada: Population-based trends from 2000 to 2012","volume":"46","author":"Rai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin. Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.18236","article-title":"Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology using Mendelian randomization: The STROBE-MR Statement","volume":"326","author":"Skrivankova","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.12622","article-title":"The association of vitamin C, alcohol, coffee, tea, milk and yogurt with uric acid and gout","volume":"18","author":"Towiwat","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0099-7","article-title":"Detection of widespread horizontal pleiotropy in causal relationships inferred from Mendelian randomization between complex traits and diseases","volume":"50","author":"Verbanck","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2252","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42635","article-title":"Metabolomics and machine learning identify metabolic differences and potential biomarkers for frequent versus infrequent gout flares","volume":"75","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1290246","article-title":"The causality between gut microbiome and anorexia nervosa: A Mendelian randomization analysis","volume":"14","author":"Xia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2021.05.014","article-title":"Constrained maximum likelihood-based Mendelian randomization robust to both correlated and uncorrelated pleiotropic effects","volume":"108","author":"Xue","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-023-02982-9","article-title":"Assessment of bidirectional relationships between brain imaging-derived phenotypes and stroke: A Mendelian randomization study","volume":"21","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.84051","article-title":"Smoking, alcohol consumption, and 24 gastrointestinal diseases: Mendelian randomization analysis","volume":"12","author":"Yuan","year":"2023","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0038123","article-title":"The association of dietary intake of purine-rich vegetables, sugar-sweetened beverages and dairy with plasma urate, in a cross-sectional study","volume":"7","author":"Zgaga","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26088_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key390","article-title":"Secular trends in the incidence and prevalence of gout in Denmark from 1995 to 2015: A nationwide register-based study","volume":"58","author":"Zobbe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"}],"container-title":["Journal of Dairy Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022030225000621?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022030225000621?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T14:41:25Z","timestamp":1768401685000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022030225000621"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022030225000621"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2024-26088","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0302"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0302","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effect of different types of milk consumption on gout and the mediating effect of branched-chain amino acids: A Mendelian randomization study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Dairy Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2024-26088","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s).","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}