{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:01:39Z","timestamp":1787025699250,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Dairy Science Association","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757980800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012453","name":"China Agricultural Research System","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CARS-36"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-36"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journalofdairyscience.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Dairy Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T04:11:30Z","timestamp":1758255090000},"page":"11953-11960","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effects of docosahexaenoic acid on milk fatty acid profile, fat globule size, and flavor characteristics"],"prefix":"10.3168","volume":"108","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5787-7583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongling","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9101-3610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueming","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8806-6204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongyun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1747","reference":[{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1093\/jaoac\/86.4.746","article-title":"Determination of fat, protein, casein, total solids, and somatic cell count in goat's milk by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy","volume":"86","author":"Albanell","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. AOAC Int."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2783","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018-15240","article-title":"Symposium review: Milk fat globule size: Practical implications and metabolic regulation","volume":"102","author":"Argov-Argaman","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10121918","article-title":"Oxidative stress in dairy cows: Insights into the mechanistic mode of actions and mitigating strategies","volume":"10","author":"Ayemele","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3032","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20543","article-title":"The effect of dietary rumen-protected trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid or a milk fat-depressing diet on energy metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress of dairy cows in early lactation","volume":"105","author":"Bayat","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022029920001107","article-title":"Effects of high and low frequency ultrasound on the production of volatile compounds in milk and milk products \u2013 a review","volume":"87","author":"Bui","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dairy Res."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s12711-019-0464-8","article-title":"Impact of the rumen microbiome on milk fatty acid composition of Holstein cattle","volume":"51","author":"Buitenhuis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genet. Sel. Evol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2580","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2008-2003","article-title":"Flaxseed supplementation improves fatty acid profile of cow milk","volume":"93","author":"Caroprese","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.172703","article-title":"Methylmercury in northern pike (Esox lucius) liver and hepatic mitochondria is linked to lipid peroxidation","volume":"931","author":"Desjardins","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7655","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2019-17662","article-title":"Invited review: Role of rumen biohydrogenation intermediates and rumen microbes in diet-induced milk fat depression: An update","volume":"103","author":"Dewanckele","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13072421","article-title":"Beneficial outcomes of omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on human health: An update for 2021","volume":"13","author":"Djuricic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5375","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2020-18853","article-title":"Corn silage-based diet supplemented with increasing amounts of linseed oil: Effects on methane production, rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen utilization, and milk production of dairy cows","volume":"104","author":"Hassanat","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.961998","article-title":"Effect of different sweeteners on the quality, fatty acid and volatile flavor compounds of braised pork","volume":"9","author":"He","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1822","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2016.10.097","article-title":"Differences in proteomic profiles of milk fat globule membrane in yak and cow milk","volume":"221","author":"Ji","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN20031050","article-title":"Supplementation of grazing dairy cows with rumen-protected tuna oil enriches milk fat with n-3 fatty acids without affecting milk production or sensory characteristics","volume":"91","author":"Kitessa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2014.994699","article-title":"Omega-3 fatty acids \u2013 A review of existing and innovative delivery methods","volume":"58","author":"Lane","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2025.2598810","article-title":"Positional distribution of DHA in triacylglycerols: Natural sources, synthetic routes, and nutritional properties","volume":"20","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11","DOI":"10.1017\/jan.2017.9","article-title":"Enhancing the DHA content in milk from dairy cows by feeding ALL-G-RICH","volume":"5","author":"Moran","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Appl. Anim. Nutr."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12827","article-title":"The effect of dietary supplementation with Aurantiochytrium limacinum on lactating dairy cows in terms of animal health, productivity and milk composition","volume":"102","author":"Moran","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl.)"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2016.02.141","article-title":"The dynamics of the biological membrane surrounding the buffalo milk fat globule investigated as a function of temperature","volume":"204","author":"Nguyen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11040743","article-title":"Enhancing omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid content of dairy-derived foods for human consumption","volume":"11","author":"Nguyen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0246357","article-title":"Inclusion of soybean and linseed oils in the diet of lactating dairy cows makes the milk fatty acid profile nutritionally healthier for the human diet","volume":"16","author":"Oliveira","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cofs.2021.01.011","article-title":"Considerations of the use of the electronic tongue in sensory science","volume":"40","author":"Ross","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Food Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10934","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2019-16391","article-title":"Influence of rate of inclusion of microalgae on the sensory characteristics and fatty acid composition of cheese and performance of dairy cows","volume":"102","author":"Till","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2009-2530","article-title":"Changes in milk fatty acid profile and animal performance in response to fish oil supplementation, alone or in combination with sunflower oil, in dairy ewes","volume":"93","author":"Toral","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crfs.2022.04.008","article-title":"Pilot study of the effect of EPA+ DHA supplementation on the fatty acid profile of erythrocytes and breast milk of lactating women from Sons\u00f3n, Colombia","volume":"5","author":"Valencia-Naranjo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Res. Food Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022029918000390","article-title":"Effects of new n-3 fatty acid sources on milk fatty acid profile and milk fat properties in dairy cows","volume":"85","author":"Vanbergue","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Dairy Res."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9080568","article-title":"Effect of feeding cows with unsaturated fatty acid sources on milk production, milk composition, milk fatty acid profile, and physicochemical and sensory characteristics of ice cream","volume":"9","author":"Vargas-Bello-P\u00e9rez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Animals (Basel)"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idairyj.2018.04.006","article-title":"Effect of olive oil in dairy cow diets on the fatty acid profile and sensory characteristics of cheese","volume":"85","author":"Vargas-Bello-P\u00e9rez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. Dairy J."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1920","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2019-16775","article-title":"Lipid metabolic differences in cows producing small or large milk fat globules: Fatty acid origin and degree of saturation","volume":"103","author":"Walter","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2023.137772","article-title":"Bioaccessibility of docosahexaenoic acid in naturally and artificially enriched milk","volume":"437","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2024.141766","article-title":"Size-dependent composition and in situ structure analysis of the milk fat globule membrane in buffalo milk","volume":"464","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/foods12101992","article-title":"GC-MS coupled with rate-all-that-apply (RATA) to analyse the volatile flavor substances of yellow wine during fermentation","volume":"12","author":"Xia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5143","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2019-17845","article-title":"Short communication: A decrease in diameter of milk fat globules accompanies milk fat depression induced by conjugated linoleic acid supplementation in lactating dairy cows","volume":"103","author":"Xing","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib34","article-title":"Comparative study on nutritional characteristics and volatile flavor substances of yak milk in different regions of gannan","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2193","DOI":"10.1080\/10942912.2014.966389","article-title":"Characterization of volatile compounds in microfiltered pasteurized milk using solid-phase microextraction and GC*GC-TOFMS","volume":"18","author":"Yue","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Prop."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2023.137812","article-title":"Potential of longan (Dimocarpus longan lour.) in functional food: A review of molecular mechanism-directing health benefit properties","volume":"437","author":"Zeng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3492","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2023-23786","article-title":"Functional properties and flavor characteristics of milk from cows supplemented with jujube powder","volume":"107","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2023.137020","article-title":"Dietary supplementation with synthetic astaxanthin and DHA interactively regulates physiological metabolism to improve the color and odor quality of ovaries in adult female Eriocheir sinensis","volume":"430","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.13788","article-title":"Size, number and phospholipid composition of milk fat globules are affected by dietary conjugated linoleic acid","volume":"107","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl.)"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.131538","article-title":"Composition and interfacial properties play key roles in different lipid digestion between goat and cow milk fat globules in vitro","volume":"374","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27133_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2023.1072261","article-title":"Effects of different heat treatments on Maillard reaction products and volatile substances of camel milk","volume":"10","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."}],"container-title":["Journal of Dairy Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022030225007568?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022030225007568?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T16:41:45Z","timestamp":1777999305000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022030225007568"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022030225007568"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2025-27133","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0302"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0302","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effects of docosahexaenoic acid on milk fatty acid profile, fat globule size, and flavor characteristics","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Dairy Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2025-27133","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}