{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T11:21:13Z","timestamp":1788520873030,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Dairy Science Association","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journalofdairyscience.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Dairy Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T23:45:23Z","timestamp":1774395923000},"page":"6457-6467","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A data-driven approach to determine the minimum number of spot samples for estimating methane and carbon dioxide emissions from Austrian dairy cows on commercial farms using GreenFeed"],"prefix":"10.3168","volume":"109","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1611-8017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"K\u00f6ck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5582-8691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"Linke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Schmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4336-5830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B.","family":"Fuerst-Waltl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8879-6845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Egger-Danner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1747","reference":[{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib1","series-title":"Climate tax policy reform options in 2025","author":"Bistline","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731115001184","article-title":"Methane production and diurnal variation measured in dairy cows and predicted from fermentation pattern and nutrient or carbon flow","volume":"9","author":"Brask","year":"2015","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib3","author":"Chipondoro"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.animal.2021.100294","article-title":"Selective breeding as a mitigation tool for methane emissions from dairy cattle","volume":"15","author":"de Haas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7769","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2024-24673","article-title":"The effect of feeding and visiting behavior on methane and hydrogen emissions of dairy cattle measured with the GreenFeed system under different dietary conditions","volume":"107","author":"de Mol","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1071\/AN24280","article-title":"Effect of number of measurement days on variance in methane and carbon dioxide emissions measured using GreenFeed units in grazing dairy cows and growing heifers","volume":"65","author":"Della Rosa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anim. Prod. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skad281.100","article-title":"Characterization of the number of spot samples required for quantification of gas fluxes and metabolic heat production from grazing beef cows using a GreenFeed","volume":"101","author":"Dressler","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4147","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22855","article-title":"Comparison of methane production, intensity, and yield throughout lactation in Holstein cows","volume":"106","author":"Fresco","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib9","series-title":"2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories","first-page":"10.1","article-title":"Chapter 10: Emissions from livestock and manure management","author":"Gavrilova","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2015.02.008","article-title":"Methane emissions from cattle: Estimates from short-term measurements using a GreenFeed system compared with measurements obtained using respiration chambers or sulphur hexafluoride tracer","volume":"203","author":"Hammond","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib11","author":"Harrison"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731113000839","article-title":"Applicability of short-term emission measurements for on-farm quantification of enteric methane","volume":"7","author":"Hegarty","year":"2013","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib13","series-title":"Book of Abstracts of the 74th Annual Meeting of the European Federation of Animal Science, Lyon, France","first-page":"279","article-title":"Heritability of methane emission in dairy cows estimated from GreenFeed measures in commercial herds","author":"Heringstad","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib14","article-title":"Implementing IPCC 2019 guidelines into a national inventory: Impacts of key changes in Austrian cattle and pig farming","volume":"15","author":"H\u00f6rtenhuber","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sustainability (Basel)"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.animal.2022.100638","article-title":"Implementing an appropriate metric for the assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from livestock production: A national case study","volume":"16","author":"H\u00f6rtenhuber","year":"2022","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3394","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2014-9118","article-title":"Comparison of methods to determine methane emissions from dairy cows in farm conditions","volume":"98","author":"Huhtanen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6849","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2023-23301","article-title":"Exhaled volatile fatty acids, ruminal methane emission, and their diurnal patterns in lactating dairy cows","volume":"106","author":"Islam","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib18","series-title":"Guideline for Estimating Methane Emissions from Individual Ruminants Using: Greenfeed, \u2018Sniffers\u2019, Hand-Held Laser Detector and Portable Accumulation Chambers","first-page":"11","article-title":"The \u2018greenfeed\u2019 automated methane measurement system to determine enteric methane emissions from ruminants","author":"Jonker","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib19","series-title":"Why Grasslands? Proceedings of the 30th General Meeting of the European Grassland Federation, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands","first-page":"465","article-title":"Minimum number of spot measurements required for quantifying enteric methane production in dairy cattle","author":"Koning","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9623","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22213","article-title":"Estimates of daily oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide and methane emissions, and heat production for beef and dairy cattle using spot gas sampling","volume":"105","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib21","series-title":"breed4green\u2014Establishing a comprehensive dataset on methane emissions, proxies and other traits in commercial farms. ICAR Annual Conference. March 29 to April 4, 2025","author":"Linke","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10913","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25246","article-title":"Evaluating GreenFeed and respiration chambers for daily and intraday measurements of enteric gaseous exchange in dairy cows housed in tiestalls","volume":"107","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.animal.2025.101469","article-title":"Repeatability of carbon dioxide and methane emissions and oxygen consumption by forage-consuming beef heifers","volume":"19","author":"MacNeil","year":"2025","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib24","first-page":"118","article-title":"Repeatability and variability of short-term spot measurement of methane and carbon dioxide emissions from beef cattle using GreenFeed emissions monitoring system","volume":"97","author":"Manafiazar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Can. J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6191","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-10691","article-title":"Effect of dietary nitrate level on enteric methane production, hydrogen emission, rumen fermentation, and nutrient digestibility in dairy cows","volume":"99","author":"Olijhoek","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11053","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2025-26470","article-title":"Comparison of strategies for spot sampling enteric methane and hydrogen emissions to evaluate methane-reducing feed additives in dairy and beef cattle","volume":"108","author":"Pressman","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib27","series-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3390\/grasses4010012","article-title":"Accounting for diurnal variation in enteric methane emissions from growing steers under grazing conditions","volume":"4","author":"Raynor","year":"2025","journal-title":"Grasses"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.3168\/jdsc.2023-0451","article-title":"A note on dairy cow behavior when measuring enteric methane emissions with the GreenFeed emission monitoring system in tiestalls","volume":"5","author":"Smith","year":"2024","journal-title":"JDS Commun."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4121","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22735","article-title":"Heritability and genetic correlations between enteric methane production and concentration recorded by GreenFeed and sniffers on dairy cows","volume":"106","author":"van Breukelen","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27419_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00425","article-title":"Diurnal dynamics of gaseous and dissolved metabolites and microbiota composition in the bovine rumen","volume":"8","author":"van Lingen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Dairy Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022030226002651?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022030226002651?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T17:04:19Z","timestamp":1781802259000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022030226002651"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022030226002651"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2025-27419","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0302"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0302","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A data-driven approach to determine the minimum number of spot samples for estimating methane and carbon dioxide emissions from Austrian dairy cows on commercial farms using GreenFeed","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Dairy Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2025-27419","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s).","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}