{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T04:48:56Z","timestamp":1785905336541,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"American Dairy Science Association","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100016238","name":"Ministry of Agriculture Nature and Food Quality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100016238","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100022603","name":"dsm-firmenich Switzerland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100022603","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020318","name":"Dairy Cooperative FrieslandCampina","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020318","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019574","name":"ZuivelNL","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019574","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journalofdairyscience.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Dairy Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T23:31:25Z","timestamp":1785799885000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A mechanistic model to represent the mode of action of 3-nitrooxypropanol in the rumen of dairy cattle: Impact on methanogenesis and rumen fermentation"],"prefix":"10.3168","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9444-8406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G.","family":"Vivares","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9916-3202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Bannink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3728-6885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Dijkstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1747","reference":[{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3039","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.13339","article-title":"Models for predicting enteric methane emissions from dairy cows in North America, Europe, and Australia and New Zealand","volume":"22","author":"Appuhamy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Glob. Change Biol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2111294119","article-title":"Full adoption of the most effective strategies to mitigate methane emissions by ruminants can help meet the 1.5\u2009\u00b0C target by 2030 but not 2050","volume":"119","author":"Arndt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib3","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of 3-nitrooxypropanol (Bovaer\u00ae 10) for ruminants for milk production and reproduction (DSM Nutritional Products Ltd.)","volume":"19","author":"Bampidis","year":"2021","journal-title":"EFSA J."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2011.04.043","article-title":"A model of enteric fermentation in dairy cows to estimate methane emission for the Dutch National Inventory Report using the IPCC Tier 3 approach","volume":"166\u2013167","author":"Bannink","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib5","series-title":"Prediction and improved estimation in linear models","author":"Bibby","year":"1977"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1990.tb04929.x","article-title":"Microbial H2\/CO2 acetogenesis in animal guts: nature and nutritional significance","volume":"87","author":"Breznak","year":"1990","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-025-02201-y","article-title":"Comparative analysis of rumen metagenomes with dietary supplementation of 3-nitrooxypropanol revealed divergent modes of action in hydrogen metabolism and reductant pathways between beef and dairy cattle","volume":"14","author":"Choi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib8","article-title":"A meta-analysis of 3-nitrooxypropanol effects on methane production and yield in beef cattle","volume":"101767","author":"de Oliveira","year":"2026","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1109\/4235.996017","article-title":"A fast and elitist multiobjective genetic algorithm: NSGA-II","volume":"6","author":"Deb","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25049","article-title":"Feed additives for methane mitigation: Modeling the impact of feed additives on enteric methane emission of ruminants\u2014Approaches and recommendations","volume":"108","author":"Dijkstra","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9041","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018-14456","article-title":"Short communication: Antimethanogenic effects of 3-nitrooxypropanol depend on supplementation dose, dietary fiber content, and cattle type","volume":"101","author":"Dijkstra","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2239","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/122.11.2239","article-title":"Simulation of nutrient digestion, absorption and outflow in the rumen: Model description","volume":"122","author":"Dijkstra","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6172","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1600298113","article-title":"Mode of action uncovered for the specific reduction of methane emissions from ruminants by the small molecule 3-nitrooxypropanol","volume":"113","author":"Duin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.4141\/cjas2013-192","article-title":"Improving the prediction of methane production and representation of rumen fermentation for finishing beef cattle within a mechanistic model","volume":"94","author":"Ellis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Can. J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1126\/science.278.5342.1457","article-title":"Crystal Structure of Methyl-Coenzyme M Reductase: The Key Enzyme of Biological Methane Formation","volume":"278","author":"Ermler","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13344","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2025-27007","article-title":"Lactational performance and enteric methane emissions in dairy cows fed high-oil oats, cold-pressed rapeseed cake, and 3-nitrooxypropanol in a grass silage\u2013based diet","volume":"108","author":"Fant","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1079\/AHRR200237","article-title":"Transfer of energy substrates across the ruminal epithelium: implications and limitations","volume":"3","author":"G\u00e4bel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anim. Health Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fuae016","article-title":"The vast landscape of carbohydrate fermentation in prokaryotes","volume":"48","author":"Hackmann","year":"2024","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1071\/AN15219","article-title":"The effects of feeding 3-nitrooxypropanol at two doses on milk production, rumen fermentation, plasma metabolites, nutrient digestibility, and methane emissions in lactating Holstein cows","volume":"57","author":"Haisan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anim. Prod. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3110","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2013-7834","article-title":"The effects of feeding 3-nitrooxypropanol on methane emissions and productivity of Holstein cows in mid lactation","volume":"97","author":"Haisan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10663","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1504124112","article-title":"An inhibitor persistently decreased enteric methane emission from dairy cows with no negative effect on milk production","volume":"112","author":"Hristov","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib22","series-title":"Climate Change 2022 - Mitigation of Climate Change: Working Group III Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change","first-page":"215","article-title":"Emissions Trends and Drivers","author":"IPCC","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.animal.2025.101603","article-title":"Divergent effects of 3-nitrooxypropanol on enteric methane emissions in Holstein and Brown Swiss cows, and its lack of synergy with acacia tannin extract","volume":"19","author":"Islam","year":"2025","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4975","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25949","article-title":"Effect of Bovaer inclusion in diets with a high proportion of grass-clover silage of different nutritional quality on gas emissions and production performance in dairy cows","volume":"108","author":"Johansen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3049","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20806","article-title":"Comparison of Molly and Karoline models to predict methane production in growing and dairy cattle","volume":"105","author":"Kass","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2022-22211","article-title":"A meta-analysis of effects of 3-nitrooxypropanol on methane production, yield, and intensity in dairy cattle","volume":"106","author":"Kebreab","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2023-23743","article-title":"Gas exchange, rumen hydrogen sinks, and nutrient digestibility and metabolism in lactating dairy cows fed 3-nitrooxypropanol and cracked rapeseed","volume":"107","author":"Kjeldsen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.3168\/jdsc.2024-0591","article-title":"Evaluating the impact of 3-nitrooxypropanol supplementation on enteric methane emissions in pregnant nonlactating dairy cows offered grass silage","volume":"6","author":"Lahart","year":"2025","journal-title":"JDS Commun."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/s40793-015-0038-5","article-title":"The complete genome sequence of the rumen methanogen Methanosarcina barkeri CM1","volume":"10","author":"Lambie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stand. Genomic Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s43170-021-00041-y","article-title":"Rethinking methane from animal agriculture","volume":"2","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"CABI Agric. Biosci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5335","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-10832","article-title":"Effect of 3-nitrooxypropanol on methane and hydrogen emissions, methane isotopic signature, and ruminal fermentation in dairy cows","volume":"99","author":"Lopes","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6817","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24460","article-title":"Effects of 3-nitrooxypropanol (Bovaer10) and whole cottonseed on milk production and enteric methane emissions from dairy cows under Swiss management conditions","volume":"107","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10913","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25246","article-title":"Evaluating GreenFeed and respiration chambers for daily and intraday measurements of enteric gaseous exchange in dairy cows housed in tiestalls","volume":"107","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2023-23420","article-title":"Effects of dietary fat, nitrate, and 3-nitrooxypropanol and their combinations on methane emission, feed intake, and milk production in dairy cows","volume":"107","author":"Maigaard","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2024-25343","article-title":"Effects of different doses of 3-nitrooxypropanol combined with varying forage composition on feed intake, methane emission, and milk production in dairy cows","volume":"108","author":"Maigaard","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9289","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2024-24783","article-title":"Effects of dose, dietary nutrient composition, and supplementation period on the efficacy of methane mitigation strategies in dairy cows: A meta-analysis","volume":"107","author":"Martins","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4723","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.04723","article-title":"Metaheuristics: A Julia Package for Single- and Multi-Objective Optimization","volume":"7","author":"Mej\u00eda-de-Dios","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Open Source Softw."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2019-17085","article-title":"Effects of 3-nitrooxypropanol on rumen fermentation, lactational performance, and resumption of ovarian cyclicity in dairy cows","volume":"103","author":"Melgar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2020-18908","article-title":"Enteric methane emission, milk production, and composition of dairy cows fed 3-nitrooxypropanol","volume":"104","author":"Melgar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6145","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2019-17840","article-title":"Dose-response effect of 3-nitrooxypropanol on enteric methane emissions in dairy cows","volume":"103","author":"Melgar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3063","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2010-3995","article-title":"Evaluation of models to predict the stoichiometry of volatile fatty acid profiles in rumen fluid of lactating Holstein cows","volume":"94","author":"Morvay","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13455","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2025-26640","article-title":"Effects of 3-nitrooxypropanol on enteric methane emissions and milk production characteristics in dairy cows fed a high corn\u2013silage diet in different environmental conditions","volume":"108","author":"Moschini","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib43","article-title":"Modelling the impact of the macroalgae Asparagopsis taxiformis on rumen microbial fermentation","volume":"1","author":"Mu\u00f1oz-Tamayo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Peer Community Journal"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib44","author":"Mu\u00f1oz-Tamayo"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skad320","article-title":"ASAS-NANP symposium: Mathematical Modeling in Animal Nutrition: The power of identifiability analysis for dynamic modeling in animal science:a practitioner approach","volume":"101","author":"Mu\u00f1oz-Tamayo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2514823122","article-title":"Methanogenesis inhibition remodels microbial fermentation and stimulates acetogenesis in ruminants","volume":"122","author":"Ni","year":"2025","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3368","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.14094","article-title":"Prediction of enteric methane production, yield, and intensity in dairy cattle using an intercontinental database","volume":"24","author":"Niu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Glob. Change Biol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8721","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2020-19862","article-title":"Temporal changes in total and metabolically active ruminal methanogens in dairy cows supplemented with 3-nitrooxypropanol","volume":"104","author":"Pitta","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2491","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01658-14","article-title":"Elucidating the Process of Activation of Methyl-Coenzyme M Reductase","volume":"196","author":"Prakash","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib50","article-title":"Think before you fit: Parameter identifiability, sensitivity and uncertainty in systems biology models","volume":"42","author":"Preston","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Syst. Biol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3777","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2013-7397","article-title":"Effects of 3-nitrooxypropanol on methane emission, digestion, and energy and nitrogen balance of lactating dairy cows","volume":"97","author":"Reynolds","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2025-26843","article-title":"Use of 3-nitrooxypropanol in early lactation dairy cows fed a high forage total mixed ration: Effect on enteric methane emissions, performance, and milk carbon isotopic signature","volume":"109","author":"Saro","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1080\/1745039X.2021.1877986","article-title":"Effects of 3-nitrooxypropanol and varying concentrate feed proportions in the ration on methane emission, rumen fermentation and performance of periparturient dairy cows","volume":"75","author":"Schilde","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch. Anim. Nutr."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5198","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biochem.9b00164","article-title":"Methyl (Alkyl)-Coenzyme M Reductases: Nickel F-430-Containing Enzymes Involved in Anaerobic Methane Formation and in Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane or of Short Chain Alkanes","volume":"58","author":"Thauer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1931","article-title":"Methanogenic archaea: ecologically relevant differences in energy conservation","volume":"6","author":"Thauer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib56","series-title":"Basic biological processes","first-page":"91","author":"Thornley","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00589","article-title":"Metabolic Hydrogen Flows in Rumen Fermentation: Principles and Possibilities of Interventions","volume":"11","author":"Ungerfeld","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib58","article-title":"Review: Biological consequences of the inhibition of rumen methanogenesis","volume":"101170","author":"Ungerfeld","year":"2024","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cma.2023.116591","article-title":"Automated translation and accelerated solving of differential equations on multiple GPU platforms","volume":"419","author":"Utkarsh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12148","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2025-26603","article-title":"Effect of 3-nitrooxypropanol supplementation combined with 6-hour grazing on enteric methane emissions and milk production characteristics","volume":"108","author":"Van De Gucht","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5556","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24198","article-title":"Long-term effects of 3-nitrooxypropanol on methane emission and milk production characteristics in Holstein-Friesian dairy cows","volume":"107","author":"van Gastelen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2025-26957","article-title":"Investigating interactions between grass silage\u2013 or corn silage\u2013based diets and 3-nitrooxypropanol on fermentation and methane emission dynamics and rumen microbiome in dairy cattle","volume":"109","author":"van Gastelen","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8074","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2019-17936","article-title":"3-Nitrooxypropanol decreases methane emissions and increases hydrogen emissions of early lactation dairy cows, with associated changes in nutrient digestibility and energy metabolism","volume":"103","author":"van Gastelen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4064","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2021-20782","article-title":"Methane mitigation potential of 3-nitrooxypropanol in lactating cows is influenced by basal diet composition","volume":"105","author":"van Gastelen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00425","article-title":"Diurnal dynamics of gaseous and dissolved metabolites and microbiota composition in the bovine rumen","volume":"8","author":"Van Lingen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.705613","article-title":"Inhibited Methanogenesis in the Rumen of Cattle: Microbial Metabolism in Response to Supplemental 3-Nitrooxypropanol and Nitrate","volume":"12","author":"Van Lingen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018-14534","article-title":"Reducing enteric methane emissions from dairy cattle: Two ways to supplement 3-nitrooxypropanol","volume":"102","author":"Van Wesemael","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1556\/avet.51.2003.2.7","article-title":"Disappearance of ethanol from isolated sheep rumen","volume":"51","author":"Veresegyh\u00e1zy","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Vet. Hung."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6968","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2025-28000","article-title":"Integration of factors controlling volatile fatty acid stoichiometry, hydrogen dynamics, and methanogenesis in the rumen of dairy cattle: model description and evaluation","volume":"109","author":"Vivares","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6934","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2024-26121","article-title":"Modeling diurnal rumen metabolism dynamics in dairy cattle: An update to a mechanistic model representing eating behavior, rumen content, rumination, and acid-base balance","volume":"108","author":"Vivares","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.3168\/jds.2026-28656_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3840","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.02070-14","article-title":"Hydrogen Formation and Its Regulation in Ruminococcus albus: Involvement of an Electron-Bifurcating [FeFe]-Hydrogenase, of a Non-Electron-Bifurcating [FeFe]-Hydrogenase, and of a Putative Hydrogen-Sensing [FeFe]-","volume":"196","author":"Zheng","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Dairy Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022030226031681?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022030226031681?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T04:20:36Z","timestamp":1785903636000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022030226031681"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":71,"alternative-id":["S0022030226031681"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2026-28656","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0302"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0302","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A mechanistic model to represent the mode of action of 3-nitrooxypropanol in the rumen of dairy cattle: Impact on methanogenesis and rumen fermentation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Dairy Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2026-28656","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s).","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}