{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T12:40:15Z","timestamp":1775565615659,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["SPI"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Object<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Few options exist for the treatment of severe, early onset scoliosis. Goals of treatment include stabilizing curve progression while allowing for normal spine, chest, and lung growth. The vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib (VEPTR) is a novel device designed to control the spine deformity while permitting lung and spine growth. In this paper the authors report their experience with using bilateral VEPTRs from the ribs to the pelvis for children with severe, early onset scoliosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Eleven children were identified who had been treated with bilateral VEPTRs from the ribs to the pelvis. The authors conducted a retrospective review and collected the following data: clinical diagnosis, age at surgery, number of lengthening procedures, and complications. In addition, pre- and postoperative radiographs were reviewed to measure maximum Cobb angle (both thoracic and lumbar), thoracic height, total spine height as measured from T-1 to S-1, thoracic kyphosis (T2\u201312), and lumbar lordosis (L1\u2013S1).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The average patient age at surgery was 71 months; the mean preoperative thoracic Cobb angle was 81.7\u00b0. This angle was corrected to 50.6\u00b0 immediately postoperatively, and this correction was maintained; at the most recent follow-up the curves averaged 58\u00b0. Similarly, the preoperative kyphosis (T2\u201312) angle measured 43\u00b0 preoperatively, 23\u00b0 immediately postoperatively, and 37\u00b0 at the most recent follow-up evaluation. The patients underwent a total of 41 lengthening procedures (average 3.7 lengthening procedures per patient), and overall spine length increased from 23.1 cm preoperatively, to 27.3 cm immediately postoperatively, to 29.4 cm at the final follow-up (an average of 25 months). Four (36.4%) of the 11 patients experienced complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The VEPTR offers a viable treatment option for children with severe, early onset scoliosis. It achieves and maintains spinal deformity correction, while allowing for continued spine and chest-wall growth. Complication rates are similar to those reported for other growing systems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2008.12.spine08427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]],"date-time":"2009-05-15T00:22:15Z","timestamp":1242346935000},"page":"287-292","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Bilateral use of the vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib attached to the pelvis: a novel treatment for scoliosis in the growing spine"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Amer F.","family":"Samdani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashish","family":"Ranade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henry J.","family":"Dolch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reed","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tricia","family":"St. Hilaire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Cahill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randal R.","family":"Betz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-0100287","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31816c8b4e","article-title":"Dual growing rod technique followed for three to eleven years until final fusion: the effect of frequency of lengthening","volume":"33","author":"Akbarnia","year":"2008"},{"key":"b2-0100287","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S46","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000175190.08134.73","article-title":"Dual growing rod technique for the treatment of progressive early-onset scoliosis: a multicenter study","volume":"30","author":"Akbarnia","year":"2005"},{"key":"b3-0100287","series-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res","first-page":"55","article-title":"Vertebral body stapling procedure for the treatment of scoliosis in the growing child","volume":"434","author":"Betz","year":"2005"},{"key":"b4-0100287","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S255","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000092484.31316.32","article-title":"An innovative technique of vertebral body stapling for the treatment of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a feasibility, safety, and utility study","volume":"28","author":"Betz","year":"2003"},{"key":"b5-0100287","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200001010-00012","article-title":"Scoliosis correction maintenance in skeletally immature patients with idiopathic scoliosis. 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