{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T11:45:52Z","timestamp":1791027952326,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Object<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Given that improvement is variable from one patient to another, the authors analyzed the impact of globus pallidus internus (GPi) volume on the result of deep brain stimulation (DBS) by comparing highly and less improved patients with primary dystonodyskinetic syndromes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A stereotactic model was developed to visualize and quantify the relationship between the isofield lines generated by the DBS lead and GPi target. The model was used in 30 right-handed selected patients with primary dystonodyskinetic syndromes who had been treated using bilateral stimulation of the sensorimotor GPi. Ten healthy control individuals were also included in the study. First, the authors compared the GPi volumes between patients and healthy controls. Second, the stimulated GPi volumes, that is, the intersection between the volume of each isofield value and the GPi volumes, were compared between less improved and highly improved patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Improvement in the Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale's motor score was rated &gt; 90% in 20 patients (97 \u00b1 4.6%) and &lt; 60% in 10 patients (56.9 \u00b1 6%). The mean volume of the right (461.8 \u00b1 81.8 mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>) and left (406.6 \u00b1 113.2 mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>) GPi in patients showing less response to DBS was significantly smaller than the GPi volume of patients who responded well (right 539.9 \u00b1 86.6 mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>, left 510.6 \u00b1 88.7 mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>) and healthy controls (right 557.8 \u00b1 109.1 mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>, left 525.1 \u00b1 40.8 mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>On the left side, the mean stimulated volumes (isofield line range 0.2\u20131 V\/mm) were significantly larger in highly improved than in less improved patients. In this model, the threshold for functional effect was calculated at 0.2 V\/mm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2008.3.17433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,14]],"date-time":"2008-11-14T15:18:18Z","timestamp":1226675898000},"page":"220-228","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Prognostic value of globus pallidus internus volume in primary dystonia treated by deep brain stimulation"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Xavier","family":"Vasques","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Neurochirurgie, Centre Hospitalier R\u00e9gional Universitaire Montpellier;"},{"name":"Institut de G\u00e9nomique Fonctionnele;"},{"name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit\u00e9 Mixte de la Recherche 5203;"},{"name":"U661, Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale;"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Montpellier I;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Cif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Neurochirurgie, Centre Hospitalier R\u00e9gional Universitaire Montpellier;"},{"name":"Institut de G\u00e9nomique Fonctionnele;"},{"name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit\u00e9 Mixte de la Recherche 5203;"},{"name":"U661, Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale;"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Montpellier I;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Hess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deep Computing Europe, International Business Machines Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Gavarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Neurochirurgie, Centre Hospitalier R\u00e9gional Universitaire Montpellier;"},{"name":"Institut de G\u00e9nomique Fonctionnele;"},{"name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit\u00e9 Mixte de la Recherche 5203;"},{"name":"U661, Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale;"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Montpellier I;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerard","family":"Mennessier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Physique Th\u00e9orique et Astroparticules, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de la Recherche 5207, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universit\u00e9 Montpellier II; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Coubes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Neurochirurgie, Centre Hospitalier R\u00e9gional Universitaire Montpellier;"},{"name":"Institut de G\u00e9nomique Fonctionnele;"},{"name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit\u00e9 Mixte de la Recherche 5203;"},{"name":"U661, Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale;"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Montpellier I;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-1100220","series-title":"Br J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1080\/02688690701272240","article-title":"Variability of the subthalamic nucleus: the case for direct MRI guided targeting","volume":"21","author":"Ashkan","year":"2007"},{"key":"b2-1100220","series-title":"J Neural Eng","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/3\/2\/007","article-title":"The effect of cystic cavities on deep brain stimulation in the basal ganglia: a simulation-based study","volume":"3","author":"Astrom","year":"2006"},{"key":"b3-1100220","series-title":"Neurology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.35.1.73","article-title":"Validity and reliability of a rating scale for the primary torsion dystonias","volume":"35","author":"Burke","year":"1985"},{"key":"b4-1100220","series-title":"Neuroimage","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.09.034","article-title":"Patientspecific analysis of the volume of tissue activated during deep brain stimulation","volume":"34","author":"Butson","year":"2007"},{"key":"b5-1100220","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2004.101.2.0189","article-title":"Electrical stimulation of the globus pallidus internus in patients with primary generalized dystonia: long-term results","volume":"101","author":"Coubes","year":"2004"},{"key":"b6-1100220","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"139","article-title":"[Treatment of early-onset generalized dystonia by chronic bilateral stimulation of the internal globus pallidus. 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