{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T16:09:59Z","timestamp":1787501399539,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PED"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"abstract":"\n Object<\/jats:title>\n Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is increasingly being used as an alternative treatment for post\u2013tuberculous meningitis (TBM) hydrocephalus. The aim of this study was to affirm the role of ETV in patients with TBM hydrocephalus and also to study the usefulness of cine phase-contrast MR imaging (cine MR imaging) for functional assessment of the ETV stoma. An additional goal was to identify factors that influence the outcome of ETV, so as to define patients with TBM hydrocephalus in whom ETV is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Twenty-six patients with TBM hydrocephalus treated with ETV were evaluated clinically and with cine MR imaging postoperatively. The duration of follow-up ranged from 1 to 15 months. The authors evaluated flow void changes in the floor of the third ventricle and analyzed parameters from the preoperative data, which they then used as a basis for comparison between endoscopically successful and endoscopically unsuccessful cases.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The overall success rate of ETV in TBM hydrocephalus was 73.1% in this case series. Cine MR imaging showed a sensitivity of 94.73% and specificity of 71.42% for the functional assessment of third ventriculostomy in these patients, with the efficacy being maintained during follow-up. The outcome of ETV showed a statistically significant correlation with the stage of illness and presence of intraoperative cisternal exudates. Although duration of symptoms and duration of preoperative antituberculous therapy (ATT) appeared to influence the outcome, their correlation with outcome was not statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Endoscopic third ventriculostomy should be considered as the first surgical option for CSF diversion (that is, before shunt surgery) in patients with TBM hydrocephalus. Cine MR imaging is a highly effective noninvasive tool for the postoperative functional assessment of stomata. Patients who presented with a history of longer duration and those who were administered preoperative ATT for a longer period had a better outcome of endoscopic treatment. Outcome was poorer in patients who presented with higher stages of illness and in those in whom cisternal exudates were observed intraoperatively.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.1.peds0947","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,22]],"date-time":"2009-09-22T08:27:37Z","timestamp":1253608057000},"page":"371-377","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Surgical outcome of tuberculous meningitis hydrocephalus treated by endoscopic third ventriculostomy: prognostic factors and postoperative neuroimaging for functional assessment of ventriculostomy"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Ashish","family":"Chugh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mazhar","family":"Husain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rakesh K.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bal K.","family":"Ojha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anil","family":"Chandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manu","family":"Rastogi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-0030371","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"2514","article-title":"Functional analysis of third ventriculostomy patency by quantification of CSF stroke volume by using cine phasecontrast MR imaging","volume":"26","author":"Bargallo","year":"2005"},{"key":"b2-0030371","series-title":"AMA Arch Neurol Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1955.02330080043012","article-title":"Choroid plexus and arterial pulsations of cerebrospinal fluid; demonstration of the choroid plexus as a cerebrospinal fluid pump","volume":"73","author":"Bering","year":"1955"},{"key":"b3-0030371","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"1323","article-title":"The role of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the management of shunt malfunction: clinical study","volume":"43","author":"Cinalli","year":"1998"},{"key":"b4-0030371","series-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.1880040606","article-title":"Tracking the motion of skeletal muscle with velocity encoded MR imaging","volume":"4","author":"Drace","year":"1994"},{"key":"b5-0030371","series-title":"Br J Radiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-39-460-255","article-title":"Pulsatile movements in the CSF pathways","volume":"39","author":"du Boulay","year":"1966"},{"key":"b6-0030371","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-003-0730-4","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in tuberculous meningitis","volume":"19","author":"Figaji","year":"2003"},{"key":"b7-0030371","series-title":"Neurosurg Rev","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-8389(22)00618-2","article-title":"Radiological assessment of hydrocephalus: new theories and implications for therapy","volume":"27","author":"Greitz","year":"2004"},{"key":"b8-0030371","series-title":"Int J Neuroradiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-8389(22)00618-2","article-title":"The pathogenesis and hemodynamics of hydrocephalus. 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