{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T06:48:11Z","timestamp":1768286891616,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Traumatic, nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is common after closed head injury and most often results from ruptured cortical microvessels. Here, the authors present the case of a 60-year-old woman who fell and struck her head, causing traumatic enucleation and avulsion of both the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery. The arterial avulsion caused a Fisher Grade 3 SAH. During her stay in the intensive care unit, hydrocephalus and vasospasm developed, clinical conditions commonly observed after aneurysmal SAH. Epileptiform activity also developed, although this may have been related to concurrent <jats:italic>Pantoea agglomerans<\/jats:italic> ventriculitis. It is reasonable to suggest that intracerebral arterial avulsion with profuse arterial bleeding may be more likely than traditional traumatic SAH to result in clinical events similar to that of aneurysmal SAH. Special consideration should be given to the acute care of patients with intracranial arterial avulsions (conservative management vs surgical exploration or endovascular treatment), as well as long-term follow-up for vascular or other neurosurgical complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.2.17687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,17]],"date-time":"2009-04-17T13:49:32Z","timestamp":1239976172000},"page":"653-657","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Traumatic enucleation with avulsion of the ophthalmic artery resulting in aneurysm-like subarachnoid hemorrhage"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"David D.","family":"Limbrick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Behdad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Colin P.","family":"Derdeyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery,"},{"name":"Radiology, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phillip L.","family":"Custer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory J.","family":"Zipfel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-1110653","series-title":"Eur J Emerg Med","first-page":"331","article-title":"A case of traumatic globe luxation","volume":"8","author":"Alp","year":"2001"},{"key":"b2-1110653","series-title":"Neurol Res","first-page":"445","article-title":"Traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage: our current understanding and its evolution over the past half century","volume":"28","author":"Armin","year":"2006"},{"key":"b3-1110653","series-title":"Orbit","first-page":"165","article-title":"Traumatic globe luxation with optic nerve transection","volume":"19","author":"Bajaj","year":"2000"},{"key":"b4-1110653","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"671","article-title":"Factors associated with neurological outcome and lesion progression in traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage patients","volume":"56","author":"Chieregato","year":"2005"},{"key":"b5-1110653","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"1989","article-title":"Pantoea agglomerans, a plant pathogen causing human disease","volume":"45","author":"Cruz","year":"2007"},{"key":"b6-1110653","series-title":"Acta Psychother Psychosom","first-page":"286","article-title":"Auto-enucleation of the eye: a study of selfmutilation","volume":"10","author":"Davidson","year":"1962"},{"key":"b7-1110653","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"1","article-title":"Relation of cerebral vasospasm to subarachnoid hemorrhage visualized by computerized tomographic scanning","volume":"6","author":"Fisher","year":"1980"},{"key":"b8-1110653","series-title":"Arch Ophthalmol","first-page":"225","article-title":"Self-inflicted bilateral enucleation","volume":"72","author":"Gorin","year":"1964"},{"key":"b9-1110653","series-title":"Acta Ophthalmol Scand","first-page":"340","article-title":"Management of traumatic luxation of the globe. 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