{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T09:03:00Z","timestamp":1780131780171,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["FOC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Object<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Due to technological advances in neuroradiology in recent years, incidental diagnoses of vestibular schwannomas (VSs) have increased. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hearing function after treatment with Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) for VSs in patients adequately selected with \u201cgood\u201d or \u201cuseful\u201d hearing before treatment and to assess the possible predictive factors for hearing function preservation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of all patients treated in the authors' hospital between 2001 and 2007, they retrospectively studied 50 patients with a unilateral VS in whom there was serviceable hearing (Gardner-Robertson [GR] Class I or II). Additional inclusion criteria were: no Type 2 neurofibromatosis, no previous treatment, and at least 6 months' follow-up of neuroradiological and audiological data. The median patient age was 54 years (range 24\u201378 years). The median tumor volume was 0.73 ml (range 0.03\u20136.6 ml), and the median radiation dose to the tumor margin was 13 Gy (range 12\u201316 Gy) with an isodose of 50%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patient age, tumor volume, and presenting symptoms were found to correlate with hearing function. At a median of 36 months after radiosurgery, tumor growth control was 96% and no patient required any other additional treatment. Serviceable hearing was preserved in 34 patients (68%): 21 (62%) with GR Class I hearing and 13 (38%) with GR Class II hearing. The remaining 16 patients had poor hearing function:15 with GR Class III and 1 with GR Class IV hearing function. In 19 (58%) of 33 patients with GR Class I function before GKS the same class was maintained posttreatment; 29 (88%) maintained functional hearing (GR Class I or II). In all patients with an intracanalicular lesion, functional hearing was maintained. Significant prognostic factors for maintaining serviceable hearing were GR Class I function before treatment, symptoms at presentation, patient age younger than 54 years, and Koos Stage T1 disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results of the study show that the probability of preserving functional hearing in patients undergoing GKS treatment for unilateral VSs is very high. Patients with GR Class I, age younger than 54 years, with presenting symptoms other than hearing loss, and a Koos Stage T1 tumor have better prognosis. The prescribed dose of 13 Gy appears to represent an excellent compromise between controlling the disease and preserving auditory function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.9.focus09196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,1]],"date-time":"2009-12-01T10:04:21Z","timestamp":1259661861000},"page":"E3","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Evaluation of hearing function after Gamma Knife surgery of vestibular schwannomas"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Alberto","family":"Franzin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Radiosurgery, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Spatola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Radiosurgery, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Serra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Radiosurgery, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piero","family":"Picozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Radiosurgery, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marzia","family":"Medone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Radiosurgery, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Milani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Radiosurgery, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Castellazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Radiosurgery, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Mortini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Radiosurgery, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-0270003","series-title":"Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci","first-page":"406","article-title":"Non-surgical management of acoustic neuromas","volume":"17","author":"Anand","year":"1992"},{"key":"b2-0270003","series-title":"Acta Otolaryngol Suppl","first-page":"7","article-title":"Vestibular schwannoma growth\u2014long-term results","volume":"543","author":"Charabi","year":"2000"},{"key":"b3-0270003","series-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys","first-page":"845","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of acoustic schwannoma radiosurgery with marginal tumor doses of 12 to 13 Gy","volume":"68","author":"Chopra","year":"2007"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"b4-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"87","article-title":"Gamma knife surgery for vestibular schwannoma: 10-year experience of 195 cases","volume":"102","author":"Chung","year":"2005"},{"key":"b5-0270003","series-title":"Clin Otolaryngol","first-page":"123","article-title":"Reproducibility of volume measurements of vestibular schwannomas\u2014a preliminary study","volume":"31","author":"Cross","year":"2006"},{"key":"b6-0270003","series-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Belg","first-page":"197","article-title":"Preservation of hearing in vestibular schwannomas treated by radiosurgery using Leksell Gamma Knife: preliminary report of a prospective Belgian clinical study","volume":"57","author":"Delbrouck","year":"2003"},{"key":"b7-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1","article-title":"Results of acoustic neuroma radiosurgery: an analysis of 5 years' experience using current methods","volume":"94","author":"Flickinger","year":"2001"},{"key":"b8-0270003","series-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys","first-page":"225","article-title":"Acoustic neuroma radiosurgery with marginal tumor doses of 12 to 13 Gy","volume":"60","author":"Flickinger","year":"2004"},{"key":"b9-0270003","series-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys","first-page":"275","article-title":"Evolution in technique for vestibular schwannoma radiosurgery and effect on outcome","volume":"36","author":"Flickinger","year":"1996"},{"key":"b10-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"440","article-title":"Analysis of risk factors associated with radiosurgery for vestibular schwannoma","volume":"95","author":"Foote","year":"2001"},{"key":"b11-0270003","series-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys","first-page":"35","article-title":"Proton beam stereotactic radiosurgery of vestibular schwannomas","volume":"54","author":"Harsh","year":"2002"},{"key":"b12-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"10","article-title":"Long-term outcomes in patients with vestibular schwannomas treated using gamma knife surgery: 10-year follow up","volume":"102","author":"Hasegawa","year":"2005"},{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"b13-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"450","article-title":"Gamma knife model C with the automatic positioning system and its impact on the treatment of vestibular schwannomas","volume":"97","author":"Horstmann","year":"2002"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"b14-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"111","article-title":"Low-dose radiosurgery for large vestibular schwannomas: long-term results of functional preservation","volume":"102","author":"Inoue","year":"2005"},{"key":"b15-0270003","series-title":"Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Patients with Vestibular Schwannoma","author":"International RadioSurgery Association","year":"2006"},{"key":"b16-0270003","series-title":"Minim Invasive Neurosurg","first-page":"290","article-title":"CyberKnife radiosurgery for vestibular schwannoma","volume":"47","author":"Ishihara","year":"2004"},{"key":"b17-0270003","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"993","article-title":"Gamma knife radiosurgery for intracanalicular acoustic neuromas","volume":"15","author":"Iwai","year":"2008"},{"key":"b18-0270003","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"282","article-title":"Radiosurgery for acoustic neuromas: results of low-dose treatment","volume":"53","author":"Iwai","year":"2003"},{"key":"b19-0270003","series-title":"Cancer Treat Rev","first-page":"417","article-title":"Radiotherapy-induced ear toxicity","volume":"29","author":"Jereczek-Fossa","year":"2003"},{"key":"b20-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"863","article-title":"Predictors of hearing preservation after stereotactic radiosurgery for acoustic neuroma","volume":"111","author":"Kano","year":"2009"},{"key":"b21-0270003","series-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys","first-page":"1410","article-title":"Treatment of acoustic neuroma: stereotactic radiosurgery vs. microsurgery","volume":"54","author":"Karpinos","year":"2002"},{"key":"b22-0270003","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"427","article-title":"Acoustic neuroma radiosurgery. Origins, contemporary use and future expectations","volume":"50","author":"Kondziolka","year":"2004"},{"key":"b23-0270003","series-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am","first-page":"651","article-title":"Gamma knife radiosurgery for vestibular schwannomas","volume":"11","author":"Kondziolka","year":"2000"},{"key":"b24-0270003","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1426","article-title":"Long-term outcomes after radiosurgery for acoustic neuromas","volume":"339","author":"Kondziolka","year":"1998"},{"key":"b25-0270003","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"815","article-title":"Long-term results after radiosurgery for benign intracranial tumors","volume":"53","author":"Kondziolka","year":"2003"},{"key":"b26-0270003","series-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien)","first-page":"73","article-title":"Microsurgery versus radiosurgery in the treatment of small acoustic neurinomas","volume":"63","author":"Koos","year":"1995"},{"key":"b27-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"872","article-title":"Correlation between auditory function and internal auditory canal pressure in patients with vestibular schwannomas","volume":"96","author":"Lapsiwala","year":"2002"},{"key":"b28-0270003","series-title":"Laryngoscope","first-page":"948","article-title":"Proliferation potential in recurrent acoustic schwannoma following gamma knife radiosurgery versus microsurgery","volume":"112","author":"Lee","year":"2002"},{"key":"b29-0270003","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"320","article-title":"[In vivo evaluation of tumor response to radiosurgery: application to vestibular schwannomas]","volume":"50","author":"Levivier","year":"2004"},{"issue":"3 Suppl","key":"b30-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"90","article-title":"Stereotactic radiosurgery versus stereotactic radiotherapy for patients with vestibular schwannoma: a Leksell Gamma Knife Society 2000 debate","volume":"93","author":"Linskey","year":"2000"},{"issue":"5","key":"b31-0270003","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"e3","article-title":"Preservation of functional hearing after gamma knife surgery for vestibular schwannoma","volume":"14","author":"Litvack","year":"2003"},{"key":"b32-0270003","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"151","article-title":"Vestibular schwannomas","volume":"50","author":"Lunsford","year":"2004"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"b33-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"195","article-title":"Radiosurgery of vestibular schwannomas: summary of experience in 829 cases","volume":"102","author":"Lunsford","year":"2005"},{"key":"b34-0270003","series-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys","first-page":"1390","article-title":"Singlefraction vs. fractionated linac-based stereotactic radiosurgery for vestibular schwannoma: a single-institution study","volume":"56","author":"Meijer","year":"2003"},{"key":"b35-0270003","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"654","article-title":"Vestibular schwannoma: surgery or gamma knife radiosurgery? A prospective, nonrandomized study","volume":"64","author":"Myrseth","year":"2009"},{"key":"b36-0270003","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"1054","article-title":"Hearing preservation after intracanalicular vestibular schwannoma radiosurgery","volume":"63","author":"Niranjan","year":"2008"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"b37-0270003","series-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg","first-page":"65","article-title":"Long-term complications following gamma knife radiosurgery of vestibular schwannomas","volume":"70","author":"Nor\u00e9n","year":"1998"},{"key":"b38-0270003","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"580","article-title":"Hearing preservation after gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery of vestibular schwannoma","volume":"104","author":"Paek","year":"2005"},{"key":"b39-0270003","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"77","article-title":"Patient outcomes after vestibular schwannoma management: a prospective comparison of microsurgical resection and stereotactic radiosurgery","volume":"59","author":"Pollock","year":"2006"},{"key":"b40-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"840","article-title":"Failure rate of contemporary low-dose radiosurgical technique for vestibular schwannoma","volume":"111","author":"Pollock","year":"2009"},{"key":"b41-0270003","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"215","article-title":"Outcome analysis of acoustic neuroma management: a comparison of microsurgery and stereotactic radiosurgery","volume":"36","author":"Pollock","year":"1995"},{"key":"b42-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"745","article-title":"Gamma surgery for vestibular schwannoma","volume":"92","author":"Prasad","year":"2000"},{"key":"b43-0270003","series-title":"Neurooncol","first-page":"1","article-title":"Descriptive epidemiology of vestibular schwannomas","volume":"8","author":"Propp","year":"2006"},{"key":"b44-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1091","article-title":"Functional outcome after gamma knife surgery or microsurgery for vestibular schwannomas","volume":"97","author":"R\u00e9gis","year":"2002"},{"key":"b45-0270003","series-title":"Prog Neurol Surg","first-page":"142","article-title":"Hearing preservation in patients with unilateral vestibular schwannoma after gamma knife surgery","volume":"21","author":"R\u00e9gis","year":"2008"},{"key":"b46-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"685","article-title":"Management of vestibular schwannoma by fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy and associated cerebrospinal fluid malabsorption","volume":"99","author":"Sawamura","year":"2003"},{"key":"b47-0270003","series-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys","first-page":"545","article-title":"Comparison between observation policy and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) as an initial management for vestibular schwannoma","volume":"44","author":"Shirato","year":"1999"},{"key":"b48-0270003","series-title":"Otol Neurotol","first-page":"547","article-title":"The natural history of vestibular schwannoma","volume":"27","author":"Stangerup","year":"2006"},{"key":"b49-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","article-title":"The natural history of untreated sporadic vestibular schwannomas: a comprehensive review of hearing outcomes","author":"Sughrue","year":"2009"},{"key":"b50-0270003","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"289","article-title":"Hearing preservation after gamma knife radiosurgery for vestibular schwannomas presenting with high-level hearing","volume":"64","author":"Tamura","year":"2009"},{"key":"b51-0270003","series-title":"Prog Neurol Surg","first-page":"108","article-title":"Facial nerve function insufficiency after radiosurgery versus microsurgery","volume":"21","author":"Tamura","year":"2008"},{"key":"b52-0270003","series-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg","first-page":"216","article-title":"What is the real incidence of vestibular schwannoma?","volume":"130","author":"Tos","year":"2004"},{"key":"b53-0270003","series-title":"Neurol Res","first-page":"682","article-title":"Conservative management, gamma-knife radiosurgery, and microsurgery for acoustic neurinomas: a systematic review of outcome and risk of three therapeutic options","volume":"25","author":"Yamakami","year":"2003"},{"key":"b54-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"59","article-title":"Systematic review of the natural history of vestibular schwannoma","volume":"103","author":"Yoshimoto","year":"2005"},{"key":"b1-0270003","series-title":"Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci","first-page":"406","article-title":"Non-surgical management of acoustic neuromas","volume":"17","author":"Anand","year":"1992"},{"key":"b2-0270003","series-title":"Acta Otolaryngol Suppl","first-page":"7","article-title":"Vestibular schwannoma growth\u2014long-term results","volume":"543","author":"Charabi","year":"2000"},{"key":"b3-0270003","series-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys","first-page":"845","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of acoustic schwannoma radiosurgery with marginal tumor doses of 12 to 13 Gy","volume":"68","author":"Chopra","year":"2007"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"b4-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"87","article-title":"Gamma knife surgery for vestibular schwannoma: 10-year experience of 195 cases","volume":"102","author":"Chung","year":"2005"},{"key":"b5-0270003","series-title":"Clin Otolaryngol","first-page":"123","article-title":"Reproducibility of volume measurements of vestibular schwannomas\u2014a preliminary study","volume":"31","author":"Cross","year":"2006"},{"key":"b6-0270003","series-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Belg","first-page":"197","article-title":"Preservation of hearing in vestibular schwannomas treated by radiosurgery using Leksell Gamma Knife: preliminary report of a prospective Belgian clinical study","volume":"57","author":"Delbrouck","year":"2003"},{"key":"b7-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1","article-title":"Results of acoustic neuroma radiosurgery: an analysis of 5 years' experience using current methods","volume":"94","author":"Flickinger","year":"2001"},{"key":"b8-0270003","series-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys","first-page":"225","article-title":"Acoustic neuroma radiosurgery with marginal tumor doses of 12 to 13 Gy","volume":"60","author":"Flickinger","year":"2004"},{"key":"b9-0270003","series-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys","first-page":"275","article-title":"Evolution in technique for vestibular schwannoma radiosurgery and effect on outcome","volume":"36","author":"Flickinger","year":"1996"},{"key":"b10-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"440","article-title":"Analysis of risk factors associated with radiosurgery for vestibular schwannoma","volume":"95","author":"Foote","year":"2001"},{"key":"b11-0270003","series-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys","first-page":"35","article-title":"Proton beam stereotactic radiosurgery of vestibular schwannomas","volume":"54","author":"Harsh","year":"2002"},{"key":"b12-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"10","article-title":"Long-term outcomes in patients with vestibular schwannomas treated using gamma knife surgery: 10-year follow up","volume":"102","author":"Hasegawa","year":"2005"},{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"b13-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"450","article-title":"Gamma knife model C with the automatic positioning system and its impact on the treatment of vestibular schwannomas","volume":"97","author":"Horstmann","year":"2002"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"b14-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"111","article-title":"Low-dose radiosurgery for large vestibular schwannomas: long-term results of functional preservation","volume":"102","author":"Inoue","year":"2005"},{"key":"b15-0270003","series-title":"Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Patients with Vestibular Schwannoma","author":"International RadioSurgery Association","year":"2006"},{"key":"b16-0270003","series-title":"Minim Invasive Neurosurg","first-page":"290","article-title":"CyberKnife radiosurgery for vestibular schwannoma","volume":"47","author":"Ishihara","year":"2004"},{"key":"b17-0270003","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"993","article-title":"Gamma knife radiosurgery for intracanalicular acoustic neuromas","volume":"15","author":"Iwai","year":"2008"},{"key":"b18-0270003","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"282","article-title":"Radiosurgery for acoustic neuromas: results of low-dose treatment","volume":"53","author":"Iwai","year":"2003"},{"key":"b19-0270003","series-title":"Cancer Treat Rev","first-page":"417","article-title":"Radiotherapy-induced ear toxicity","volume":"29","author":"Jereczek-Fossa","year":"2003"},{"key":"b20-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"863","article-title":"Predictors of hearing preservation after stereotactic radiosurgery for acoustic neuroma","volume":"111","author":"Kano","year":"2009"},{"key":"b21-0270003","series-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys","first-page":"1410","article-title":"Treatment of acoustic neuroma: stereotactic radiosurgery vs. microsurgery","volume":"54","author":"Karpinos","year":"2002"},{"key":"b22-0270003","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"427","article-title":"Acoustic neuroma radiosurgery. Origins, contemporary use and future expectations","volume":"50","author":"Kondziolka","year":"2004"},{"key":"b23-0270003","series-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am","first-page":"651","article-title":"Gamma knife radiosurgery for vestibular schwannomas","volume":"11","author":"Kondziolka","year":"2000"},{"key":"b24-0270003","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1426","article-title":"Long-term outcomes after radiosurgery for acoustic neuromas","volume":"339","author":"Kondziolka","year":"1998"},{"key":"b25-0270003","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"815","article-title":"Long-term results after radiosurgery for benign intracranial tumors","volume":"53","author":"Kondziolka","year":"2003"},{"key":"b26-0270003","series-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien)","first-page":"73","article-title":"Microsurgery versus radiosurgery in the treatment of small acoustic neurinomas","volume":"63","author":"Koos","year":"1995"},{"key":"b27-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"872","article-title":"Correlation between auditory function and internal auditory canal pressure in patients with vestibular schwannomas","volume":"96","author":"Lapsiwala","year":"2002"},{"key":"b28-0270003","series-title":"Laryngoscope","first-page":"948","article-title":"Proliferation potential in recurrent acoustic schwannoma following gamma knife radiosurgery versus microsurgery","volume":"112","author":"Lee","year":"2002"},{"key":"b29-0270003","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"320","article-title":"[In vivo evaluation of tumor response to radiosurgery: application to vestibular schwannomas]","volume":"50","author":"Levivier","year":"2004"},{"issue":"3 Suppl","key":"b30-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"90","article-title":"Stereotactic radiosurgery versus stereotactic radiotherapy for patients with vestibular schwannoma: a Leksell Gamma Knife Society 2000 debate","volume":"93","author":"Linskey","year":"2000"},{"issue":"5","key":"b31-0270003","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"e3","article-title":"Preservation of functional hearing after gamma knife surgery for vestibular schwannoma","volume":"14","author":"Litvack","year":"2003"},{"key":"b32-0270003","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"151","article-title":"Vestibular schwannomas","volume":"50","author":"Lunsford","year":"2004"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"b33-0270003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"195","article-title":"Radiosurgery of vestibular schwannomas: summary of experience in 829 cases","volume":"102","author":"Lunsford","year":"2005"},{"key":"b34-0270003","series-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys","first-page":"1390","article-title":"Singlefraction vs. fractionated linac-based stereotactic radiosurgery for vestibular schwannoma: a single-institution study","volume":"56","author":"Meijer","year":"2003"},{"key":"b35-0270003","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"654","article-title":"Vestibular schwannoma: surgery or gamma knife radiosurgery? A prospective, nonrandomized study","volume":"64","author":"Myrseth","year":"2009"},{"key":"b36-0270003","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"1054","article-title":"Hearing preservation after intracanalicular vestibular schwannoma radiosurgery","volume":"63","author":"Niranjan","year":"2008"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"b37-0270003","series-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg","first-page":"65","article-title":"Long-term complications following gamma knife radiosurgery of vestibular schwannomas","volume":"70","author":"Nor\u00e9n","year":"1998"},{"key":"b38-0270003","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"580","article-title":"Hearing preservation after gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery of vestibular schwannoma","volume":"104","author":"Paek","year":"2005"},{"key":"b39-0270003","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"77","article-title":"Patient outcomes after vestibular schwannoma management: a prospective comparison of microsurgical resection and stereotactic 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