{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T18:47:14Z","timestamp":1792176434624,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Neuropathic facial pain can be a debilitating condition characterized by stabbing, burning, dysesthetic sensation. With a large range of causes and types, including deafferentation, postherpetic, atypical, and idiopathic, both medicine and neurosurgery have struggled to find effective treatments that address this broad spectrum of facial pain. The authors report the use of motor cortex stimulation to alleviate 3 distinct conditions associated with intractable facial pain: trigeminal deafferentation pain following rhizotomy, deafferentation pain secondary to meningioma, and postherpetic neuralgia. Functional MR imaging was used to localize facial areas on the precentral gyrus prior to surgery. All 3 patients experienced long-lasting complete or near-complete resolution of pain following electrode implantation. Efficacy in pain reduction was achieved through variation of stimulation settings over the course of treatment, and it was assessed using the visual analog scale and narrative report. Surgical complications included moderate postsurgical incisional pain, transient cerebral edema, and intraoperative seizure. The authors' results affirm the efficacy and broaden the application of motor cortex stimulation to several forms of intractable facial pain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.5.jns091696","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,28]],"date-time":"2010-05-28T12:09:49Z","timestamp":1275048589000},"page":"189-195","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Motor cortex stimulation: functional magnetic resonance imaging\u2013localized treatment for three sources of intractable facial pain"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Darian R.","family":"Esfahani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stritch School of Medicine; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc T.","family":"Pisansky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rima M.","family":"Dafer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stritch School of Medicine; and"},{"name":"Departments of Neurology and"},{"name":"Neurological Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas E.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stritch School of Medicine; and"},{"name":"Neurological Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-jns091696","series-title":"Anesth Analg","first-page":"120","article-title":"Regional brain activity changes associated with fentanyl analgesia elucidated by positron emission tomography","volume":"84","author":"Adler","year":"1997"},{"key":"b2-jns091696","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"32","article-title":"Percutaneous retrogasserian glycerol rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia. 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