{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T09:00:38Z","timestamp":1780736438676,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["FOC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Object<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rathke cleft cysts (RCC) are benign sellar lesions most often found in adults, and more infrequently in children. They are generally asymptomatic but sometimes require surgical treatment through a transsphenoidal corridor. The purpose of this study was to compare adult versus pediatric cases of RCC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The authors retrospectively reviewed presenting symptoms, MR imaging findings, laboratory study results, and pathological findings in 147 adult and 14 pediatric patients who underwent surgery for treatment of RCCs at the University of Californial at San Francisco between 1996 and 2008.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In both the adult and pediatric groups, most patients were female (78% of adults, 79% of pediatric patients, p = 0.9). Headache was the most common symptom in both groups (reported by 50% of pediatric patients and 33% of adults, p = 0.2). Preoperative hypopituitarism occurred in 41% of adults and 45% of pediatric patients (p = 0.8). Growth delay, a uniquely pediatric finding, was a presenting sign in 29% of pediatric patients. Visual complaints were a presenting symptom in 16% of adult and 7% of pediatric patients (p = 0.4). There was no difference between median cyst size in adults versus pediatric patients (1.2 cm in both, p = 0.7). Temporary or permanent postoperative diabetes insipidus occurred in 12% of adults and 21% of pediatric patients (p = 0.4). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed an 8% RCC recurrence rate at 2 years for each group (p = 0.5).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The incidence of RCCs is much lower in the pediatric population; however, symptoms, imaging findings, and outcomes are similar, suggesting that pediatric RCCs arise from growth of remnants of the embryonic Rathke pouch earlier in life than adult RCCs but do not differ in any other way. It is important to consider RCCs in the differential diagnosis when pediatric patients present with visual impairment, unexplained headache, or hypopituitarism including growth delay. Although the average RCC size was similar in our pediatric and adult patient groups, the smaller size of the pituitary gland in pediatric patients suggests an increased relative RCC size.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.5.focus1178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,1]],"date-time":"2011-07-01T09:58:21Z","timestamp":1309514301000},"page":"E3","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Rathke cleft cysts in pediatric patients: presentation, surgical management, and postoperative outcomes"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Arman","family":"Jahangiri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annette M.","family":"Molinaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phiroz E.","family":"Tarapore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lewis","family":"Blevins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"},{"name":"The California Center for Pituitary Disorders at UCSF, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kurtis I.","family":"Auguste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"},{"name":"Pediatrics, University of California at San Francisco; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nalin","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"},{"name":"Pediatrics, University of California at San Francisco; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandeep","family":"Kunwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"},{"name":"The California Center for Pituitary Disorders at UCSF, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manish K.","family":"Aghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"},{"name":"The California Center for Pituitary Disorders at UCSF, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-0310003","series-title":"Pediatr Radiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02018614","article-title":"Height of normal pituitary gland as a function of age evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging in children","volume":"21","author":"Argyropoulou","year":"1991"},{"key":"b2-0310003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2004.101.4.0577","article-title":"Surgery for Rathke cleft cysts: technical considerations and outcomes","volume":"101","author":"Benveniste","year":"2004"},{"key":"b3-0310003","series-title":"Arch Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1959.03840010050006","article-title":"Rathke-cleft cysts","volume":"1","author":"Berry","year":"1959"},{"key":"b4-0310003","series-title":"Pituitary","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-008-0087-5","article-title":"Endoscopic pituitary surgery","volume":"11","author":"Cappabianca","year":"2008"},{"key":"b5-0310003","series-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6665(05)70371-6","article-title":"Pituitary surgery","volume":"34","author":"Carrau","year":"2001"},{"key":"b6-0310003","series-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.02.001","article-title":"The diagnosis and management of empty nose syndrome","volume":"42","author":"Chhabra","year":"2009"},{"key":"b7-0310003","series-title":"Pediatr Radiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02012389","article-title":"MRI in seven cases of Rathke's cleft cyst in infants and children","volume":"23","author":"Christophe","year":"1993"},{"key":"b8-0310003","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1007\/s003810000350","article-title":"The role of the endoscopic transsphenoidal approach in pediatric neurosurgery","volume":"16","author":"de Divitiis","year":"2000"},{"key":"b9-0310003","series-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem.2010.087","article-title":"Rathke cleft cyst in seven-year-old girl presenting with central diabetes insipidus and review of literature","volume":"23","author":"Evliyaoglu","year":"2010"},{"key":"b10-0310003","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-009-0487-y","article-title":"Endonasal endoscopic pituitary surgery: is it a matter of fashion?","volume":"152","author":"Fernandez-Miranda","year":"2010"},{"key":"b11-0310003","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.3171\/2008.8.JNS08805","article-title":"Significant headache improvement after transsphenoidal surgery in patients with small sellar lesions. 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