{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T17:48:09Z","timestamp":1773769689167,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["SPI"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Object<\/jats:title><jats:p>The authors assessed the role of 3D anisotropy contrast (3DAC) in evaluating specific ascending tract degeneration in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The authors studied 10 patients (2 women, 8 men; mean age 59.8 \u00b1 14.6 years) with CSM and spinal cord compression below the C2\u20133 disc level, as well as 10 healthy control individuals (3 women, 7 men; mean age 42.0 \u00b1 24.1 years). Images of the cervical cord at the C2\u20133 level were obtained using a 3.0-T MR imaging system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three-dimensional anisotropy contrast imaging clearly made possible tract-by-tract analysis of the fasciculus cuneatus, fasciculus gracilis, and spinocerebellar tract. Tract degeneration identified using 3DAC showed good correlation with a decline in fractional anisotropy. Degeneration of the fasciculus gracilis detected by \u201cvector contrast\u201d demonstrated a good correlation with Nurick grades.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study unambiguously demonstrated that 3DAC imaging is capable of assessing ascending tract degeneration in patients with CSM. Degeneration of an individual tract can be easily identified as a vector contrast change on the 3DAC image, a reflection of quantitative changes in anisotropism, similar to fractional anisotropy. Excellent correlation between Nurick grades and fasciculus gracilis degeneration suggests potential application of 3DAC imaging for tract-by-tract clinical correlation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.7.spine10843","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,9]],"date-time":"2011-09-09T21:18:29Z","timestamp":1315603109000},"page":"648-653","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Analysis of ascending spinal tract degeneration in cervical spondylotic myelopathy using 3D anisotropy contrast single-shot echo planar imaging on a 3.0-T system"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Takaaki","family":"Urakawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Center for Integrated Human Brain Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Niigata;"},{"name":"2Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Matsuzawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Center for Integrated Human Brain Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Niigata;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuji","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Center for Integrated Human Brain Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Niigata;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naoto","family":"Endo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; 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